Objective To discover the distribution of ammonia nitrogen in groundwater of Shunyi District and its influencing factors. Methods 286 monitored points in low-flow period and 100 in high-flow period were chosen in 19 towns in Shunyi District. Concentrations of ammonia nitrogen, iron and manganese, and the total bacterial count of water samples were determined and evaluated based on the Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality and related standard during Jan.-Mar., Aug.-Sep., in 2005. Results All the monitored points were deep groundwater. The median of ammonia nitrogen concentration in groundwater was 0.010 mg/L in low-flow period, and 0.140 mg/L in high-flow period. The relativity was not found between the concentration of ammonia nitrogen,total bacterial count in water sample and pollution source around the well. However the concentration of ammonia nitrogen was positively correlated with the concentration of nitrite nitrogen(r=0.224, P

Objective To evaluate the feasibility, safety and clinical outcome of laparoscopic radical resection of rectal cancer in elderly patients with common chronic comorbidities. Methods The clinical data of 192 elderly patients with rectal cancer and common chronic comorbidities who were admitted to the Nanfang Hospital from January 2003 to December 2008 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were divided into laparoscope group (n=91) and open group (n = 101). The operative procedures, clinicopathological data and outcomes of the two groups were collected and compared. All data were analyzed using the t test and chi-square test, and the survival of patients was analyzed using the life table and Kaplan-Meier curves. Results The sphincter preservation rate,operation time, postoperative length of hospital stay, morbidity rate were 85.7% (78/91), (194 ± 61) minutes,(14 ±8)days, 24.2% (22/91) in the laparoscope group, and they were 85.1% (86/101), (187 ±58) minutes,(14 ±8)days and 28.7% (29/101) in the open group, with no significant difference between the two groups (x2=0.012, t=0.874,-0.265, x2 =0. 505 , P ＞ 0. 05) . The intraoperative blood loss was (108 ±78)ml in the laparoscope group, which was significantly less than (270 ± 600) ml in the open group (t =-2. 650, P ＜0.05). The time to first flatus, time to liquid diet, time to out-of-bed activity were (3 ± 1) days, (4 ± 2) days and (3 ± 1)days, which were significantly shorter than (4 ± 1)days, (5 ± 2)days and (5 ± 1)days in the open group,respectively (t =-4. 545,-4. 587,-13. 310, P ＜ 0.05). The length of rectum resected and the number of lymph node dissected were (18 ± 5)cm and 9 ± 7 in the laparoscope group, and (18 ± 5)cm and 9 ± 8 in the open group, respectively, with no significant difference between the two groups (t = 1. 457, 0. 021, P ＞ 0.05), while the distance of distal resection margin to the tumors was (3.8 ± 1.5) cm, which was significantly longer than (3.1 ± 1.5) cm of the open group (t = 0. 283, P ＜ 0. 05). The 3-year cumulative survival rate, overall recurrence rate, local recurrence rate and distal metastasis rate in the laparoscope group were 76%, 12. 1% (11/91), 2.2% (2/91) and 9.9% (9/91), and they were 82%, 14.9% (15/101), 6.9% (7/101), 7.9% (8/101) in the open group, respectively, with no significant difference between the two groups (U=2. 600, x2 =0. 312, 2.400,0. 230, P ＞ 0.05). There were no significant difference in the cumulative survival rate between patients in TNM stage Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ in the two groups (P ＞ 0.05). Conclusion Laparoscopic radical resection of rectal cancer is safe and feasible for elderly patients with common chronic comorbidities, and it has the advantages in quick recovery of patients after operaion.

Objective To discuss the surgical treatment of the ankle and the foot soft tissue defects. Methods 41 cases of the ankle and the foot soft tissue defects were treated with different types of pedicle flaps transfer 9 types of flaps were used in all patients. Results 36 flaps of 41 cases were completely survived, 2 ease with superficial necrosis and 3 cases with distal edge partially necrosis and these 5 cases all healed by dressing change. All the easeswere followed up 3 to 36 months(averaged 12 months). The flaps completely survived. Conclusion The study showed that the soft tissue defects in ankle and foot can be constructed satisfactory by selecting a reasonable pedicle flap, especially the sural neurocutaneons island flaps.

Objective: To investigate the incidence of occupational diseases in a District of Beijing, from 2004 to 2017 and to analyze the distribution characteristics and incidence trends of occupational diseases. Methods: The data of confirmed occupational disease cases data in the occupational disease and occupational health information monitoring system in a district of Beijing from 2004~2017 were collected to analyze the incidence and trends of occupational diseases. Results: In 2004~2017, a total of 161cases of occupational diseases were reported in a district of Beijing, mainly pneumoconiosis (113 cases, 70.19%) . The average age of onset of pneumoconiosis was (51.65 ±11.10) years old, and the average age of dust exposure was (13.14±8.07) years, mainly including silicosis accounting for 85.84%, concentrated in small collective enterprises. Pneumoconiosis was mainly female, with 80 cases accounting for 70.80% of the disease; most of the working years were 10-20 years, the age of onset of dust pneumoconiosis and the duration of dust exposure were statistically different (P<0.05) ; The distribution of pneumoconiosis industry was concentrated on the manufacture of jewellery and related articles in 91cases (80.53%) , Compared with the non-jewellery and related articles manufacturing industry, the average age of onset were statistically significant (P<0.05) . Occupational diseases other than pneumoconiosis were mainly male; occupational ear, nose and throat (ENT) and oral disease male accounted for 86.96% of the disease, mainly concentrated in small enterprises, state-owned enterprises, the majority of working years wereconcentrated in 20~30 years; occupational infectious diseases accountded for 93.33% of the disease, mainly concentrated in small collective enterprises, most of the working years were less than 10 years. Conclusion Occupational diseases in a district of Beijing are mainly pneumoconiosis, mainly in small collective enterprises, mostly historical issues, the number of reports of occupational ENT and oral disease and occupational infectious diseases are increasing, it is important to strengthen supervision and protect the health of workers.

Objective: To explore differences in the detection rate of elevated blood pressure (BP) in children aged 6-8 years old, and to verify the apparent existence of white-coat hypertension (BP) in children. Methods: Based on census data(PROC), and three subsequent BP readings were taken during follow-ups which were carried out from October 2018 to June 2019. A total of 1 785 children were included in the present study. Using updating blood pressure reference for Chinese children aged 3-17 years, compared the BP detection rate at baseline, at the first follow-up, and the average value of the last two BP readings. Fluctuations in the detection rate of elevated BP in children at different time-points were analyzed. Results: The detection rates of the three elevated BP measurements of 6-8-year-old children were 57.65%, 25.88% and 15.46%, respectively, and the detection rate was higher among boys than girls. The detection rate of baseline BP was higher than that of the first follow-up BP measurements and the average of the last two BP measurements(P<0.01). Given the agreement in the diagnosis of high SBP, high DBP, high BP at baseline, and the average of the last two follow-up BP measurements, elevated BP at baseline was the lowest among the three groups and SBP was higher than DBP. Conclusion Blood Pressure fluctuations might be caused by transient tension that was experienced during the baseline BP measurement and during the first of the three follow-ups. Therefore, the average value of last two BP measurements may better reflect the real BP level in children.

Objective: To examine the association between the visceral adiposity index (VAI) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in the pediatric population in order to improve risk stratification and prevention systems for chronic liver disease. Methods: A total of 510 overweight/obese children aged 6-8 years old were enrolled from the child cohort which was designed to study puberty, obesity, and cardiovascular risk (PROC), and complete data from liver ultrasounds and the VAI were obtained. Used Spearman s rank correlation coefficient, Chi-square tests, and Logistic regression analyses to explore the association between the VAI and NAFLD. Results: The detection rates of NAFLD for boys and girls were 25.9% and 11.1%, respectively. VAI for normal group and the NAFLD group were 0.43(0.31, 0.61) and 0.61(0.44, 0.87) in boys, and 0.74(0.56, 1.07) and 1.08(0.67, 1.51) in girls, respectively. Spearman s correlation coefficient analysis showed that triglycerides(TG), VAI, and the third quintile VAI group were positively correlated with NAFLD in both boys and girls(r=0.19,0.26,0.29;0.16,0.16,1.18,P<0.05), and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) was negatively correlated with NAFLD in boys (r=-0.21, P<0.05). With advancing tertiles of VAI, the increasing trend in the NAFLD detection rate was statistically significant in boys and girls(Chi-square for trend were 21.77,7.66, P<0.01). The results of univariate and multivariable Logistic regression showed that, by taking the first tertile of VAI as a reference, the risk of NAFLD among boys was higher in the second tertile (cOR=2.59, 95%CI=1.15-5.86; aOR=2.33, 95%CI=1.01-5.36) and in the third tertile(cOR=5.73, 95%CI=2.62-12.53; aOR=4.87, 95%CI=2.15-11.03), where as the risk among girls was higher in the third tertile(cOR=4.43, 95%CI=1.40-14.00). Conclusion VAI is positively correlated with pediatric NAFLD. Higher tertiles of VAI were associated with an increased risk of NAFLD in overweight and obese children, which indicates that VAI can be used as an early predictor of NAFLD.

Objective:To explore the effectiveness of short-term prehabilitation in elderly patients undergoing gastrointestinal tumor surgery.Methods:Elderly patients(139 cases) with gastrointestinal tumors who were admitted to Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University for surgery from December 2020 to January 2022 were included through the purposive sampling method, and were divided into the intervention group (69 cases) and the control group (70 cases) according to the patient's wishes using a quasi-experimental research design of non randomized grouped. Routine perioperative nursing was used in the control group, while the short-term prehabilitation was used in the intervention group in addition. The incidence of postoperative complications, the performance indicators, and postoperative functional recovery indicators were analyzed in the two groups.Results:The 6MWD in the intervention group of 1 day and 7 days after the surgery were (460.93 ± 76.36) m and (391.72 ± 72.93) m, which were significant higher than those in the control group, (423.69 ± 72.88) m and (351.13 ± 65.04) m ( t = 8.65, 12.01, both P<0.05). The first exhaust time, first postoperative ambulatory time, the first full fluid intake time and the duration of drainage tube indwelling in the intervention group were (51.28 ± 21.74) h, (33.93 ± 12.50) h, (69.39 ± 29.36) h and (4.30 ± 1.44) d, which were significant lower than those in the control group, (71.51 ± 23.68) h, (47.37 ± 14.58) h, (96.29 ± 38.36) h and (5.35 ± 2.09) d ( t values were -5.83 - -3.44, all P<0.05). Besides, the best critical value of preoperative 6MWD to predict postoperative rehabilitation effect was 477.5 m, with a sensitivity of 68% and specificity of 71%. Conclusions:Short-term prehabilitation improves the perioperative functional reserve and promotes overall functional recovery after surgery to a certain extent, and the postoperative functional recovery effect may be better when the patient′s preoperative 6MWD reaches 477.5 m.

Objective: To investigate the correlation between social jetlag and psychological behavior in upper primary school students,so as to provide reference for sleep health promotion in primary school students. Methods: From April to June 2024, a survey was conducted among 4 341 fourth and fifth grade students from 9 public primary schools in a district in Beijing. Sleep patterns were assessed using a self designed questionnaire, while psychological behavior was evaluated using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ)(parent version). A generalized estimating equation (GEE) model was used to examine the association between different levels of social jetlag and psychological behavior problem scores in primary school students. Results: The proportions of students with social jetlag of <1.0, 1.0-<2.0, and ≥2.0 h were 57.6%, 30.6%, and 11.8%, respectively. The GEE model analysis found that after adjusting for covariates, compared with primary school students with social jetlag of <1.0 h, those with 1.0 -<2.0 and ≥2.0 h had higher scores for internalizing behavior problems [ β (95% CI ) =0.23(0.05-0.41)，0.28(0.02-0.54), P < 0.01]. Primary school students with ≥2.0 h of social jetlag had higher scores for externalizing behavior problems [ β (95% CI )=0.42 (0.13-0.71)， P <0.01]. Among boys and primary school students with an average nighttime sleep duration of ≥9 h, comparied with social jetlag of <1.0 h,those with sucial jetlag 1.0-<2.0 h had higher scores on internalizing and externalizing behavior problems[ β (95% CI )=0.32(0.07-0.56),0.51 (0.11-0.90), 0.26 (0.06-0.46)，0.58 (0.25-0.91), P <0.05]. Conclusions Greater social jetlag may be a risk factor for internalizing and externalizing behavior problems in upper primary school students. Reducing social jetlag may help decrease the occurrence of psychological behavior problems in primary school students.

Objective: To identify the association of carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) and visceral fat area (VFA) to inform prevention of cardiovascular disease in later life. Methods: All the grade one students of six non-boarding primary schools in Shunyi District, Beijing were enrolled, based on population-based survey design, to establish the child cohort on sensitization, puberty, obesity and cardiovascular risk (PROC). Socio-demographic information survey and anthropometric measure, blood and urine test were carried out. Robust linear regression was used to determine the relationship between cIMT and other factors. Results: Among 1 711 participants, a significant difference were observed between normal, overweight and obesity children on cIMT [(0.35±0.02)(0.36±0.02)(0.37±0.03)mm] (F=41.4, P<0.01) and VFA [16.2(13.6-19.3), 22.7(18.6-27.3), 51.5(33.9-73.0)cm2] (χ2=854.5, P<0.01). After adjusting age and sex, univariate robust linear regression showed that cIMT was associated with height, SBP, DBP, HDL-C, VFA (P<0.05) and TG (P=0.055). Multivariable robust linear regression indicated that in total and boys only included models, cIMT was associated with VFA and SBP(β=0.000 2, 0.000 2, 0.000 2, 0.000 2, P<0.05); while in girls only included model cIMT was associated with VFA and TG (β=0.000 2, 0.006 2, P<0.05). Conclusion VFA is stable to predict the increase of cIMT in children. We can use VFA to simplify the classification management of children and inform targeted early prevention of cardiovascular disease in adulthood.

Objective:To investigate the current status of diagnosis and treatment of Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori) infection in primary hospitals in Jiangsu Province, and to evaluate the capability of comprehensive prevention and management of H. pylori infection in the primary hospitals. Methods:From 2020 to 2022, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 430 primary hospitals, which participated in the Incubation Center Project of Primary Gastroenterology Specialty Department in Jiangsu Province. The questionnaire survey includedthe establishmment of endoscopy and department of gastroenterology, items of H. pylori detection, H. pylori treatment, eradication plans and treatment course. The questionnaire was filled by the director of the primary hospital. Descriptive analysis was used for statistical analysis. Results:A total of 413 valid questionnaires were received. Among the 413 primary hospitals, 286 (69.2%) were equipped with endoscopy centers, and 202 (48.9%) had departments of gastroenterology. In terms of diagnostic methods for H. pylori, 35.8% (148/413) of the primary hospitals did not have urea breath test equipment, of which 84 hospitals did not carry out any H. pylori testing items, 8 hospitals only had rapid urease test, 45 hospitals only had serum H. pylori antibody test, 7 hospitals had both rapid urease test and serum H. pylori antibody test, and 4 hospitals had fecal H. pylori antigen test. In terms of therapeutic drugs, all the hospitals could provide proton pump inhibitors, and 82.8% (342/413) of the hospitals had bismuth agents. According to diagnosis and treatment guideline for H. pylori infection at the primary care, 7 combinations of two antibiotics were recommended. A total of 14 (3.4%) hospitals could provide all the combinations, 369 (89.3%)hospitals could provide 2 to 6 combinations, 20(4.8%)hospitals could provide only one combination, and 10 (2.4%) hospitals could not provide any combination. For the selection of the eradication scheme and treatment course, the bismuth-based quadruple scheme was chosen in 248 (60.0%) hospitals, 14-day course was selected in 363(87.9%) hospitals, and 14-day course of bismuth-based quadruple scheme was selected in 232 (56.2%) hospitals. Conclusion:Improving the H. pylori testing equipment in primary hospitals, preparing all types of therapeutic drugs, and improving doctors′ knowledge of diagnosis and treatment of H. pylori in are of great significance for improving the prevention and treatment efficacy of H. pylori infection at the primary hospitals.