Objective To understand the drug resistance situation of clinical common bacteria in hospital.Methods VITEK-2 was adopted to perform the identification and antimicrobial susceptibility test.The drug resistance data were analyzed by adopting the WHONET 5.5 software.Results 13 841 strains of bacteria isolated for the first time from the patient were collected from Jan-uary 2009 to December 2012,in which Gram positive bacteria accounted for 29.3% and Gram negative bacteria accounted for 70.7%.Meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)and meticillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci (MRCNS) accounted for 78.3% and 88.4% of staphylococci aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci,respectively.No vancomycin and tigecycline resistant strains of staphylococci were found.4.3% of enterococcus faecalis and 7.5% of enterococcus faecium were re-sistant to vancomycin.The detection rates of E.coli and Klebsiella spp (Klebsiella pneumoniae +Klebsiella bacteria producing acid )producing extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs)were 58.5% and 24.4%,respectively.Enterobacteriaceae strains were still more sensitive to carbapenem antibiotics.The resistance rates of pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter spp strains to imipenem were 24.9 % and 42.6%,respectively.Conclusion Bacterial drug resistance still constitutes a serious threat to the clini-cal anti-infection therapy.So the antibacterial agents should be rationally used for reducing the bacterial drug resistance.

Objective This work was to study the distribution of Acinetobacter baumannii and analyze the change in the trend of its resistance,so as to provide experimental basis for clinical rational drug usage.Methods The identification of isolates were car-ried out by using VITEK-2 compact automatic identification system,and drug susceptibility testing was performed by disc diffusion method,the results were carried out according to the Standard of CLSI 2014 version for interpretation,and data analysis was per-formed with WHONET5.6.Results A total of 981 strains of Acinetobacter baumannii had been isolated from the samples in 2013 to 2015,most of them were isolated from respiratory samples accounted for 80.4%,followed by the urines and other body secre-tion.The distribution of this kind of bacteria mostly was 30.1% in ICU,departments of Emergency observation(16.0%),respirato-ry diseases(15.7%)and senior cadres(10.8%).The drug resistance of this kind of bacteria to polymyxin B and cefoperazone/sul-bactam was to a minimum of lower than 5.0%,and has relatively high sensitivity to amikacin and minocycline(<30.0%).And the resistance to other antimicrobials were higher than 30.0%,and the resistance to Nitrofurantoin and cefotaxime were higher than 94.0%.The most drug resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii in 2014 were lower than those in 2013,but the most drug resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii in 2015 were increased significantly as well as strains had been isolated from the samples.Conclusion The main source for isolation of Acinetobacter baumannii in this hospital mainly comes from sputum specimens of patients in ICU, departments of emergency observation,respiratory diseases and senior cadres.The high prevalence of antimicrobial resistance of this kind of bacteria should be prevented and controlled in nosocomial infection,and rational application of antimicrobial agents in order to reduce the spread of drug-resistant strains.

Objective To investigate the antibiotic resistance of clinical isolates from hospital for the guidance of rational use of antibiotics .Methods Automatic VITEK‐2 system was used to identify bacterial strains and analyze the antimicrobial resistance . WHONET 5 .6 was applied for data analysis according to the breakpoints of Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute 2013 . Results A total of 3 880 nonduplicate strains were collected in 2013 ,35 .2% (1 366/3 880) of which were gram positive organisms ,64 .8% (2 514/3 880) were gram negative bacteria .The top 6 most frequently isolated microorganisms were E . coli (20 .2% ) , K . pneumoniae (12 .0% ) , P . aeruginosa (11 .1% ) , coagulase negative Staphylococcus (9 .8% ) , A . baumannii (9 .8% ) ,E .f aecalis (8 .1% ) .The bacteria were mainly isolated from respiratory tract (51 .0% ) ,urine (26 .2% ) , and blood (9 .4% ) .The prevalence of both meticillin‐resistant Staphylococcus was higher than 72 .0% .No staphylococcal strainwasfoundresistanttolinezolid,vancomycinortigecycline.Amongthe509Enterococcusisolates,E.faecalisandE. f aecium accounted for 61 .5% and 32 .8% ,respectively .No enterococcal strain was resistant to vancomycin or tigecycline . Enterococcal isolates also showed low resistance (<2 .0% ) to teicoplanin and linezolid .About 67 .4% of the E .coli strains and 32 .0% of the K lebsiella isolates produced extended spectrumbeta‐lactamases.Thestrainsof E.coli,Klebsiella spp.,Enterobacterspp.,and Proteusspp.wererelatively susceptible to beta‐lactam/beta‐lactamase inhibitor combinations such as cefoperazone‐sulbactam and piperacillin‐tazobactam , carbapenems such as meropenem ,imipenem and ertapenem ,and amikacin (< 15 .0% of the strains were resistant) . K . pneumoniae isolates were more resistant than other gram‐negative bacilli .P .aeruginosa was relatively susceptible to amikacin , tobramycin ,cefepime ,gentamicin ,piperacillin‐tazobactam ,but more than 20% of these strains were resistant to meropenem and imipenem .More than 35 .0% of the A . baumannii isolates were resistant to any of the antimicrobial agents tested . Conclusions Antimicrobial resistance is still a serious threat in clinical antimicrobial therapy .It is important to promote the rational use of antimicrobial agents so that resistance is minimized . It is necessary to conduct epidemiological survey and proactively implement effective interventions in the clinical setting with relatively heavy burden of antimicrobial resistance .

Objective To clear, amplify and detect the activity of the recombinant adeno-assoeiated virus vector with adiponectin( rAAV2/1-Aerp30 ). Methods Recombinant plasmid pSNAV2.0-Acrp30 was obtained. The recombinant plasmid was then transfected into BHK21 cells using LipofectAMINETM 2000. The G418 resistant cells were obtained consequently. These cells were infected with HSVI-rc/△UL2 which has the function of packaging and copying recombinant AAV. After purification, the construction of recombinant rAAV2/1-Aerp30 was collected. Results The construction of recombinant pSNAV2.0-Acrp30 was confirmed by PCR electrophoresis and digestion with restriction enzyme. The gene sequencing showed that the recombinant pSNAV2.0-Acrp30 was correct. The virus titer was about 1.0×1012 μg/ml. The purity f the recombinant AAV2/1 was fairly high using the SDS-PAGE method. Conclusion With this method, rAAV2/-Aerp30 with high virus titers and purity can be acquired successfully and it can meet the demands of the experimental study of Acrp30 gene therapy of GK rats.