0.05). Conclusion The sinus node arteries can generally be found by angiography. There is no significant relationship between coronary artery diseases of sinus node and sick sinus syndrome.

Objective To investigate the coronary angiography characteristics of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) combined with diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods Forty-five AMI patients combined with DM and 45 AMI patients without DM all received coronary angiography and the results were compared retrospectively, then the differences of coronary angiography and electrocardiogram characteristics were analyzed. Results The ratio of triple vessel lesions and diffuse lesions of coronary artery were more higher in AMI patients combined with DM than those in AMI patients without DM [64.4%(29/45) vs 35.6%( 16/45) and 82.2%(37/45)vs 40.0%(18/45),P< 0.05]. Non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) was more common seen in AMI patients combined with DM than that in AMI patients without DM [37.8% (17/45)vs 17.8% (8/45),P<0.05]. Conclusion AMI patients combined with DM often have NSTEMI with triple vessel lesions and diffuse lesions of coronary artery.

Objective To investigate the relationship between ST resolution and early prognosis of the patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) receiving percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Methods A total of 80 consecutive patients with STEMI underwent primary PCI within 12 hours.ST segment elevation amplitude sum was measured and compared before PCI and 1 hour after PCI,and the percentage of declining was calculated.According to thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) grading after PCI,the infarction related artery blood flow was recorded and compared.Ten of them who had experienced clear ST resolution (≥30％) before PCI were set aside.Among the other 70 patients,the ST resolution was calculated and the patients were divided into group A (41 cases,ΣSTE resolved ≥50％) and group B (29 cases,Σ STE resolved ＜ 50％).The left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF),serious adverse cardiac events (MACE,including myocardial infarction,or revascularization,malignant arrhythmia,heart failure and death) in two groups during hospitalization was compared.Results The LVEF in postoperative 1 week in group A was higher than that in group B [(51.90 ± 5.06)％ vs.(46.87 ± 4.01)％,P ＜ 0.05].The incidence of in-hospital MACE during hospitalization in group A was lower than that in group B [7.3％ (3/41) vs.24.1％ (7/29)] (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Degree of ST resolution early after recanalization in acute STEMI patients receiving emergency PCI degree can better reflect the level of myocardial tissue perfusion and indirectly predict cardiac systolic function and in-hospital MACE.It can be used as evaluation index of early prognosis.

Objective To explore the association between estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) based on creatinine and cystatin C and the SYNTAX score in old patients with coronary heart disease. Methods Two hundred and fifty-six consecutive old patients with coronary heart disease were included in this study. The patients were angiographically diagnosed with coronary heart disease between January 2013 and April 2014 at the Department of Cardiology.eGFR was caculated by using BIS2 equation based on creatinine and cystatin C.SYNTAX score was caculated by SYNTAX score algorithm. Multiple linear regression and ordinal logsitic regreesion was used to analyze the association between eGFR and SYNTAX score. Results In patients with normal of renal function [eGFR≥90 ml/(min·1.73 m2), 110 patients], mild renal insufficiency [60 ml/(min · 1.73 m2) ≤ eGFR<90 ml/(min · 1.73 m2), 98 patients], midrange and severe renal insufficiency[eGFR<60 ml/(min · 1.73 m2), 48 patients], with the decrease in renal function of patients, SYNTAX score increased: (15.42 ± 9.65), (25.24 ± 8.34), (33.73 ± 10.15) scores, P<0.01. eGFR was an independent predictor of SYNTAX score (r=-0.059, P<0.01).eGFR was negatively correlated with SYNTAX score (r=-0.457, P<0.01). Conclusions eGFR is an independent predictor of SYNTAX score and negatively correlated with SYNTAX score in old patients with coronary heart disease. This might be helpful to explain the increased risk of coronary heart disease events and mortality in old patients with renal dysfunction.

AIM:To investigate whether minocycline postconditioning protects rat myocardium from ischemia-reperfusion ( I/R ) injury through attenuating poly ( ADP-ribose ) polymerase-1 ( PARP-1 ) excessive activation. METHODS:The left anterior descending coronary artery was ligated for 45 min and then reopened for 2 h to establish the rat model of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury.The male Wistar rats ( n =90 ) were randomly divided into sham group, I/R group, low-and high-dose minocycline groups, and 3-aminobenzamide (3-AB, PARP inhibitor) group.The myocardial infarct size was measured by Evans blue and 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride ( TTC) staining.The morpho-logical changes of the myocardium were observed with HE staining.The cardiomyocyte apoptosis was detected using in situ TDT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling ( TUNEL) .The level of tumor necrosis factorα( TNF-α) and interleukin 1β( IL-1β) in the serum were measured by ELISA.The content of poly( ADP-ribose) ( PAR) in the reperfused myocardium and peripheral leukocytes were detected by Western blot.RESULTS: Compared with sham group, PAR expression, TNF-αcontent and IL-1βconcentration increased in all other groups.Compared with I/R group, treatment with low and high doses of minocycline and 3-AB significantly reduced the infarct size and myocardial apoptosis.PAR expression, TNF-αcontent and IL-1βconcentration in low-and high-dose minocycline groups and 3-AB group all decreased.No significant difference of the above parameters between high-dose minocycline group and 3-AB group was observed.CONCLUSION: Minocy-cline postconditioning may attenuate myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by depressing the activation of PARP-1 in car-diomyocytes and peripheral leukocytes in rats.

Objective To study the clinical value of serum cardiac troponin Ⅰ (cTnⅠ) in patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP) and minor myocardial damage.Methods The serum cTnⅠ level of 60 UAP patients (UAP group) were determined.The patients whose cTnⅠ were ≥ 0.1 μ g/L were ascribed to cTnⅠ positive group,and the patients whose cTnⅠ were ＜ 0.1 μ g/L were ascribed to cTnⅠ negative group.The correlation among clinical data,coronary arterial lesions and adverse cardiac events were analyzed.Forty healthy people were selected as control group.Results The positive rate of cTnⅠ in UAP group (35.0％,21/60) was significantly higher than that in control group (0),and there was statistical difference (P ＜ 0.01).The incidence rate of coronary arterial multi-branch lesions and/or severe stenosis in cTnⅠ positive group (19.0％,4/21) was higher than that in cTnⅠ negative group (5.1％,2/39),but there was no statistical difference (P ＞ 0.05).The incidence rate of 90 d adverse cardiac events in cTnⅠ positive group (33.3％,7/21) was significantly higher than that in cTnⅠ negative group (5.1％,2/39),and there was statistical difference (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions Low-level cTnⅠ demonstrates minor myocardial damage sensitively and specifically.cTnⅠ level detected quantitatively can help to assess prognosis and provide risk stratification of UAP patients.

Backgroud Various antihypertensive drugs decreased peripheral arterial pressure similarly,while their effects on central arterial pressure may be at variance.The studies of the effect on central arterial pressure of antihypertensive drugs,especially the effect ? adrenoreceptor blockers was paucity.Objective To investigate the effect of ? adrenoreceptor blocker metoprolol tartrate on central and peripheral arterial pressure in patients with hypertension.Methods Fifty patients with primary hypertension who underwent percutaneous coronary angiography were recruited.Radial arterial and ascending aortal pressure as peripheral and central blood pressure were determined.Patients were chewing 25-50 mg metoprolol tartrate or 10 mg nifedipine during the catheterization.Results After administering metoprolol tartrate,the magnitude of decreases in peripheral arterial pressure were significantly(P0.025).Both peripheral and central arterial pressure decreased significantly after administering nifedipine(P0.025).Conclusion Despite similar decrease of peripheral arterial pressure,the decrease magnitude of central arterial pressure by metoprolol tartrate was significantly smaller than that by nifedipine.

Objective To investigate the angiographic coronary atheroslerosis findings with the plasma levels of von Willebrand factor (vWF) and ?-granule membrane protein (GMP-140). Methods 74 patients undergone selectrive coronary angiography (CAG) were divided into 3 groups based on plaque morphology, Group S(n=15), concentric or eccentric stenosis with smooth borders; Group C(n=37), eccentric stenosis with complex borders; Group N (n=22), CAG without coronary atheroslerosis. 37 patients in group C were divided into group Ⅰ (n=10, one-vessel involved CAD), group Ⅱ (n=12, two-vessel involved CAD) and group Ⅲ (n=15, three-vessel involved CAD) based on major epicardial coronary branches lesion. These 37 patients were divided into group x(n=21, ≤3 segments) and group y(n=16,≥4 segments) based on coronry stenotic segments. The plasma levels of vWF and GMP-140 were assayed by ELISA before angiography. Results (1)The plasma levels of vWF and GMP-140 in group C were significantly higher than those in group S(P

Objective To evaluate the left ventricular function in patients with different extents of coronary stenosis by the left ventricular pressure volume loop Methods In 65 patients who were undergoing coronary angiography and left ventriculography examinations, materials of clinical and cardiac catheter examinations were collected In right anterior oblique 30 degrees the left ventriculography was progressed The pressure curves of the left ventricle and the aorta were recorded continuously and volumes of the left ventricles were measured with the dot tracing method Pressure volume loop was set up and ventricular energy indexes embodied by the pressure volume loop were measured and calculated Results In normal group, pressure volume loop was located in the left and lower portion of the coordinate system Along with the levels of the coronary stenosis becoming more severe, pressure volume loops moved to the right and upper portion of the coordinate system Little changes occurred in ejection fraction except that there was a decreasing in patients with lesions of three branches; Stroke work showed no obvious changes; Filling energy became larger; Total energy increased obviously in both groups with lesions of double branches and three branches; End systolic energy increased gradually while energy efficiency decreased gradually Conclusion The ventricular pressure volume loop can be obtained in routine ventriculography which can reflect many indexes of ventricular function quantitatively The ventricular energy indexes change correspondingly with coronary artery lesions and may be useful to assess ventricular function in patients with different levels of coronary stenosis

Objective To investigate the effects of local delivery c-myc antisense oligodexynucleotides on neointimal hyperplasia after angioplasty in rabbits. Methods The celiac arterial endothelium of 75 male Japanese white rabbit (2.5?0.5 kg) were denuded after being fed with cholesterol-supplemented diet to establish the model of atherosclerotic stenosis of celiac arteries. The animals were randomized into the antisense DNA group (Group Ⅰ), sense DNA group (Group Ⅱ), saline control group (Group Ⅲ) and simple angioplasty group (Group Ⅳ). The drugs were injected intramurally using a porous balloon. The local vessels were collected at the 24 th hour and the 4 th week after the procedure for morphological observation. C-myc mRNA level was measured by means of RT-PCR and c-myc protein with immunohistochemical staining. Results RT-PCR showed that c-myc mRNA level in Group Ⅰ was lower than that of Group Ⅱ, Group Ⅲ and Group Ⅳ after the first 24 hours. The ratio of neointimal area (NEA) to medial area (MA) and NEA/MA in Group Ⅰ were significantly less than those of Group Ⅱ, Group Ⅲ and Group Ⅳ. Immunohistochemical staining showed that the percentage of c-myc protein positive cells was less in Group Ⅰ than those of the other groups. Conclusion Transcatheter local delivery of c-myc antisense oligonucleotides reduces neointimal hyperplasia after angioplasty in rabbits.