Objective To explore different techniques for treat me nt of complicated distal femoral fractures in order to obtain the best curative effects. Methods A retrospective study was done on the cli nical data of 62 patients (64 sides) with complicated distal femoral fractures a dmitted to our hospital from January 1999 to June 2002. According to AO classifi cation: 20 cases (21 sides) belonged to type A and 42 (43 sides) to type C. The supporting steel of AO femoral condyles were applied in 18 cases (19 sides), loc ked double-plating (steel plate and polyethylene plate) in 20 (21 sides) and th e retrograde intramedullary nail in 24. All cases received scientific and ration al rehabilitative treatment post-operatively. Results The 4-38 months follow up showed that 62 cases go t fracture healing with average healing period of 4.2 months (from 10 weeks to 1 6 months). According to criteria of Kolmert and Wulff, 31 sides were excellent, 28 good but 5 poor with an excellence rate of 75%. Conclusions A majority of treatment results of complicate d distal femoral fractures are satisfactory through rational and reliable intern al fixation. The supporting steel plate is suitable for all distal femoral fract ures; and the retrograde intramedullary nail is the treatment of choice for type A and type C1 fractures. As for types C2 and C3 fractures, the locked double-p lating combined with polyethylene is more effective than the supporting steel pl ate or the retrograde intramedullary nail for it has advantages of reasonable de sign, convenient operation and firm fixation.

Objective To study the related risk factors of pulmonary embolism(PE) in diabetic patients.Methods 58 diabetic cases were underwent lower limbs 99mTc-MAA veins imaging(and/or ultrasonography) and pulmonary perfusion imaging.The related laboratory data [fasting blood glucose(FBG),blood cholesterol,blood long chain triglycerides(LCT)]and clinial informations [age,disease courses,chest symptoms(chest pain and short of breathe),lower limbs symptoms(swelling,crooted veins and diabetic foot) and acute complication(diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar non ketotic diabetic coma)]were collected simultaneously.SPSS was used for χ2-test and Logistic regression analysis.Results 28 patients(48.3%) were showed to be with lower limbs deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and by 99Tcm-MAA imaging,10 cases(17.2%) with PE.The PE ratio(32.1%) of the patients with DVT was more higher than no DVT(3.3%)(χ2 = 6.53,P＜0.05).Single factor analysis showed the PE ratios had significant difference to factors of chest symptoms,lower limbs symptoms and acute complication(all P＜0.05),respectively.There were no significant difference in other factors of age,disease courses,FBG,blood cholesterol,LCT,blood pressure,weight index,DM type(all P＞0.05),respectively.Multiplicity analysis indicated:the related risk factors of PE included chest symptoms(Score = 13.316,P＜0.01) and lower limbs symptoms(Score = 7.780,P＜0.01).There were no significant differences in other factors(all P＞0.05),respectively.Conclusion The serious DM with chest symptoms,lower limbs symptoms and/or DVT could be controlled as early as possible by all kinds of treatment.It would decrease the PE complication.

Objective To investigate the value of detection of telomerase activity by fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) of thyroid mass in the preoperative diagnosis of thyroid cancer. Methods Comparation of the results of detection of telomerase activity and biopsy of the of samples of thyroid masses aspirated by fine needle guided by B-us were performed .The results were compared to the postoperative pathological results. Results Of the 32 cases of thyroid carcinomas, the correct diagnostic rate of FNAB was 43.8%, while the positive rate of telomerase activity was 75.0%, the difference between the two examinations was significant ( P

BACKGROUND: Resection of the nudeus pulposus is the classical treatment for intervertebral disc protrusion, except a higher recurrence rate. OBJECTIVE: To verify the feasibility of establishing an animal model of intervertebral disc degeneration by puncture and aspiration via a posterolateral approach to simulate resection of human nucleus pulposus. DESIGN, TIME AND SE'I'FING: The experiment was conducted in the animal Experimental Center of Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Military Area Command of Chinese PLA from October 2006 to February 2007. MATERIALS: Twenty Japanese big ear rabbits were selected to establish animal models of intervertebral disc degeneration. METHODS: Some nucleus pulposus tissues were abstracted from the L1-2 and L3-4 segment of 20 rabbits by the puncture and aspiration method using a 21-gaege hypodermic needle. Histological analysis was performed at 2, 4, 8, 12 weeks after surgery, and L2-3 segment was used as control group.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Histological structure of the intervertebral disc was observed by homatoxylin-eosin staining. RESULTS: Hematoxylin-eosin staining revealed a great deal of complete nudeus pulposus tissues, clear boundaries between nucleus pulposus and annulus fibrosus in the control group, and the structure of near normal annulus fibrosus was almost normal, nucleus pulposus tissue had a large number of nucleus pulposus cells. In the experimental group, the nucleus pulposus cell reduced in amount in the fourth week, the nucleus pulposus at the twelfth week were mainly full of flbroblests, while few nucleus pulposus cells were found.CONCLUSION: It is successful to establishing an animal model of intervertebral disc degeneration by puncture and aspiration via a posterolateral approach based on simulating the resection of human nucleus pulposus. This model is available for repairing intervertebrai disc degeneration using tissue engineering techniques.

BACKGROUND:It remains unclear what kind of changes in imaging and histopathology would appear in intervertebral disc after removal of nucleus pulposus over time.
OBJECTIVE:To observe the alteration in imaging and histopathology of rabbit lumbar intervertebral disc after nucleus pulposus aspiration.
METHODS:A total of 32 Japanese rabbits were subjected to nucleus pulposus aspiration in posterior lateral L 3/4 intervertebral disc with a 21-gauge hypodermic needle. L 2/3 intervertebral disc served as a normal control. At 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks after aspiration, eight rabbits according to grouping received radiograph in the lateral position of lumbar vertebra. The height of L 3/4 and L 2/3 intervertebral space was measured and intervertebral disc height index was calculated. Rabbits received median sagittal MRI examination and histopathological examination of intervertebral disc.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The intervertebral disc height degraded slowly at 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks after aspiration. However, the difference between 8 and 12 weeks was reduced. Compared with normal control, intervertebral disc height index significantly reduced at various time points (P<0.05). The nucleus pulposus signal intensity was gradual y reduced at 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks after aspiration, and reached grade 4 of modified Thompson grading criteria at 8 weeks. After aspiration, gelatinous nucleus pulposus of disc slowly exhibited fissures with time, morphous was slowly disordered and showed significant fibrosis performance at 12 weeks. In nucleus pulposus region, more cartilage-like cells were found at 4 weeks after operation. The cells were active. Nucleus pulposus cells decreased significantly. At 8 and 12 weeks after operation, fibroblasts increased in nucleus pulposus region, and the number of cartilage-like cells reduced. The annulus fibrosus gradual y became distorted, disordered, with processes and layers, and fiber breakage appeared. These results indicated that after puncturing lateral annulus fibrosus and aspirating the nucleus pulposus, radiograph height of the intervertebral disc and MRI T2-weighted signal intensity gradual y reduced. Pathological changes were observed. However, the degeneration al eviated between 8-12 weeks.

Objective:To investigate the prognosis of cT3 and the subgroups of low rectal cancer patients who underwent neoadju-vant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) and evaluate whether all patients with cT3 low rectal cancer should undergo CRT. Methods:A total of 223 patients with cT3 low rectal cancer treated in the Department of Colorectal Surgery of Fujian Medical University Union Hospital from January 2008 to December 2012 were divided into neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy group (CRT group) (115 cases) and no neoad-juvant chemoradiotherapy group (nCRT group) (108 cases) according to whether the patients underwent CRT. Afterward, the patients were retrospectively divided into three subgroups (mrT3a, mrT3b, and mrT3c) according to the proposed criteria of the Radiologic Soci-ety of North America (RSNA) by measuring the depth of mesorectal invasion (DMI) (DMI<5, DMI=5-10, and DMI>10 mm). The prog-noses of the two groups and their subgroups were compared. Results:The CRT and nCRT groups revealed no significant differences in the 3-year disease-free survival rate and the local recurrence rate for all the mrT3 patients (78.2%vs. 71.9%, P=0.608;4.4%vs. 8.5%, P=0.120) and mrT3a patients (82.4%vs. 81.8%, P=0.837;5.8%vs. 5.9%, P=0.658). On the contrary, for the mrT3b patients, the CRT and nCRT groups revealed significant differences in the 3-year disease-free survival rate (84.4%vs. 42.4%, P=0.032) and local recurrence rate (0.0%vs. 18.2%, P=0.014). For the mrT3b,c patients, the CRT and nCRT groups revealed no significant difference in the 3-year dis-ease-free survival rate (72.8%vs. 42.4%, P=0.060) but revealed a significant difference in the local recurrence rate (2.4%vs. 18.2%, P=0.021). COX regression analysis was utilized for 3-year disease-free survival, DMI and circumferential resection margin (CRM) were significant in the univariate analysis. Additionally, the multivariate analysis indicated that CRM is an independent impact factor (OR=2.249, CI 1.067-4.742, P=0.033). Conclusion:CRT can improve the prognosis of patients with mrT3b,c low rectal cancer but may not significantly influence the prognosis of patients with mrT3a and CRM-negative low rectal cancer;surgical treatment can be performed in these patients without CRT.

Objective To prepare a bionic artificial bone scaffold using a room temperature three dimensional (3D) printing technique and evaluate its biocompatibility and bioactivity in vitro.Methods A room temperature 3D printing technique was applied to fabricate 3D bionic artificial bone scaffolds using collagen/hydroxyapatite.The physico-chemical structure,porosity and mechanical strength of the scaffolds were assessed.The extract liquid of scaffolds was cocultured with bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) to evaluate the toxicity of scaffolds.There were 3 experimental groups:blank control with no scaffolds,printed scaffolds group and non-printed scaffolds group.The condition of BMSCs on the scaffolds was observed via scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and immunostaining.3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and SEM were applied to monitor the proliferation of BMSCs on the scaffolds.At last,alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and mRNA expression levels of osteogenesis-related genes were detected to assess the osteoinductive property of the scaffolds.Results The 3D printed scaffolds fabricated in the present study were characterized by highly interconnected pores which were controllable and even in size.The cross section of the scaffolds presented an irregular honeycomb-like microstructure.The porosity of printed 3D scaffolds (71.14％ ± 2.24％) was significantly higher than that of non-printed scaffolds (59.04％ ±2.98％) (P ＜ 0.05).The physico-chemical structures of the materials were preserved after printing without additional cytotoxicity.The MTT results at 7 and 14 days revealed that the printed scaffolds had a significantly more cell numbers than the non-printed scaffolds(P ＜ 0.05).SEM showed that the BMSCs adhered well onto the printed scaffolds and proliferated and migrated through the pores.Compared with the blank control,the printed scaffolds showed obviously better osteogenic outcomes.Conclusion The 3D bionic artificial bone scaffolds of collagen/hydroxyapatite manufactured by a room temperature 3D printing technique can provide a good extracellular matrix for BMSCs to proliferate and differentiate.

Objective: To study the relationship between vitamin A (VA) supplementation and the level of IgG antibody to measles strengthened vaccination. Method: Fifty-three school children aged 5-13 years were selected as the test group of VA supplementation, and fifty-two school children as the control group whose ages and sex matched with the test group. The test group was supplicd po the VA pills (2 500IU) at the same time with measles strengthened vaccination for one month. The level of serum VA was analyzed by HPLC. Measles antibody IgG was detected by ELISA. Results: One month after VA supplementation, sernm VA in test group was 376.5?74.2 ?g/L, showing statistical increase over before. The positive rates of measles antibody in the test group were increased from 69.8% to 100%, and the protective rate from 5.6% to 60.4%. The positive rates of measles antibody in the control group were increased from 71.2% to 100%, and the protective rates from 0% to 17.4%. The protective rate in the test group was statistically higher than the control. Conclusion: Simultaneous VA supplementation (especially for the children of VA deficiency) and measles strengthened vaccination contribute to the increase of measles antibody IgG in school children.

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of multiple-injuries of bone and joint in the belief that a better knowledge of such injuries may help their prevention and treatment. Methods A retrospective study was done on the data of 346 patients with multiple-injuries of bone and joint who had been ad- mitted to our department from January 2001 to December 2004. On the basis of CAI's classification, the following data were statistically analyzed: gender, age, cause of injury, injured part, number of injured parts, associated injuries and mortality. Results Of the 346 injured patients, there were 278 males and 68 females, with an av- erage age of 32.8 years (9months to 89 years). Two hundred and twenty-six cases resulted from traffic accidents, 65 from crush by a heavy object, and 52 from falling. There were 159 fractures of shaft of tibia and fibula, 96 fractures of femoral shaft, 87 fractures of shaft of ulna and radius, 58 fractures of ankle and foot, 57 chest injuries, 50 knee injuries, 50 hip injuries, 49 injuries at the pelvis region, 46 wrist and hand injuries, 36 injuries of shoulder, 36 skull fractures, 33 fractures of humeral shaft, 23 spinal fractures, and 17 elbow injuries. Two hundred and forty-two patients had two parts injured, 83 had three parts, 20 had four parts, and one had six parts. The average number of injured parts was 2.3. Two hundred and five patients suffered from close injuries, and 141 from open ones. The associated injuries included skull and brain injury in 51 cases, chest injury in 23, abdomen injury in five, urine system injury in three, nerve and vessel injury in 21, shock in 78, and fat embolism in six. Five patients died. Conclusions Male young people tend to be the majority of victims of multiple-injuries of bone and joint. Traffic accidents result in most of such injuries. Since multiple-injuries mostly involve lower limbs, they are easy to diagnose while the associated close injuries involving brain, chest, abdomen and pelvic are likely to be overlooked or misdiagnosed. Strengthening safety education and technical training of first aid is important to im- provement of treatment and to decrease of disability rate and mortality.

Objective To observe the normal structures of arteria circumflexa femoris lateralis (ACFL) and to establish digitized visible models of anterolateral thigh(ALT) flap,which can be used in clinical training and operation design.Methods The cross-sectional images from the VCH Male 3 dataset were reviewed to study ACFL structures on a section-by-section basis.Next,one adult fresh cadaver specimen was perfused with lead ox- ide-gelatine mixture to be subject to radiographic CT scanning on its lower limbs.Likewise,the cross-sectional images from the CT images were reviewed to study ACFL structures on a section-by-section basis.Three-dimensional computerized reconstructions of ACFL structures and their adjacent struetures were conducted from the two sets of data using Amira 3.1 (TGS) software respectively.Results The three-dimensional reconstructed visible models established by the above two methods perfectly displayed the anatomic relationships of ACFL structures and their adjacent structures.Conclusions Since the digitized images of ACFL structures can offer section by section in- sights into the ACFL anatomy,their 3D reconstructive models ean be applied in clinical training,pre-operative designing and virtual operation procedures.