If the seven constants were changed,the result of specimen testing would be affected directly.When we understand the meaning of the seven constants.the job of medical equipment maintenance and care will become more effective.Meanwhile,we should pay attention to the influence on the result caused by other factors of a constant besides the seven Coulter Constants.

wet season temperature_max. The An. minimus density evaluation model was derived as follows: y=0^0578 e~0^0780(8X_10′+7X_12′+6X_11′+5X_15′+4X_9′+3X_4′+2X_8′+1X_7′) The correct rate of evaluation by the model was 92^0%. e_0^5=18%, with an average relative error of 21%. Conclusion A quasi-evaluation on the An. minimus density can be made by applying the grey model.

Objective To analyze the factors that influence joint function after plate fixation of unstable pelvic fractures.Methods A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the 109 patients with unstable pelvic fracture who had been treated with plate fixation from January 2007 to September 2014.They were 69 men and 40 women,23 to 72 years of age (average,46.3 years).By the Tile classification,15 cases were type B1,37 type B2,14 type B3,19 type C1,16 type C2,and 8 type C3.Their postoperative joint function was evaluated according to the Majeed criteria for functional evaluation.There were 86 cases in the good-to-excellent group (78.9％) and 23 in the fair-to-poor group (21.1％).Their data were analyzed in terms of gender,age,preoperative injury severity scale (ISS),body mass index (BMI),operation time,fracture type,reduction quality,postoperative complications,bone density,and postoperative weight bearing time.The influential factors were determined using Logistic regression analysis.Results All the 109 patients obtained a mean follow-up of 18.7 months (from 12 to 53 months).Preoperative ISS (P =0.000),fracture type (P =0.008),reduction quality (P =0.009) and postoperative complications (P =0.000) were identified as the factors influencing joint function after plate fixation of unstable pelvic fractures.Conclusion Preoperative assessment by ISS,a clear understanding of the pelvic fracture type,anatomical reduction of the fracture and efforts to reduce postoperative complications can effectively improve functional recovery of the joint after plate fixation of unstable pelvic fractures.

Objective To study the diagnostic value of MR coronal iterative decomposition of water and fat with echo asymmetry and least-squares estimation(IDEAL) water imaging in the far later lumbar disc herniation(FLLDH).Methods A retrospective analysis of pre-operative routine CT axial imaging and MPR post-processing,conventional MR axial plane,sagittal plane and IDEAL imaging was performed in 10 patients with pathologically FLLDH.The above images were observed to find whether it could clearly show the spatial relationship outline of the nucleus pulposus and the nerve root,including the number of affected nerve root(1 or 2),and the compressed part(dorsal root ganglion,postganglionic nerve root or preganglionic nerve root),and the morphological changes of the compressed nerve root(distortion,thinning,enlargement),and were compared with surgical results.Results Surgery showed 2 cases with extra-intervertebral foramen herniation,2 cases with intra-intervertebral foramen herniation,6 cases with mixed herniation.Nine cases involved 1 nerve root,and 1 case involved 2 nerve roots.The conventional CT axial plane could roughly show the local relationship between nucleus pulposus and the nerve root.On conventional CT axial plane,9 cases were diagnosed correctly but 1 case of herniation of extra-intervertebral foramen shifting cephalic to the lower vertebral level was missed.Seven cases of the compressed nerve root were identified with difficulty,2 cases showed obliteration of the fat space and displacement of the nerve root.The spatial relationship of the nucleus pulposus and the nerve root was more visualized by CT MPR images than conventional CT images,but the image was less clear and it could not display the full view.Ten cases on CT MPR images were diagnosed correctly.Nine cases involved 1 nerve root,and 1 case involved 2 nerve roots,the image finding was obliteration of the fat space.Eight cases involved distortion of the compressed nerve root,3 cases involved thinning of the compressed nerve root,1 case involved thickening of the nerve root,6 cases were with no change or no confirmed diagnosis.MR regular scans could roughly show the local relationship of the nucleus pulposus and the nerve root and it is superior to the conventional CT axial scanning.On the conventional axial plane,7 cases of the compressed nerve root were identified with difficulty,3 cases showed obliteration of the fat space and displacement of the compressed nerve root.On the sagittal plane through the intervertebral foramen:5 cases of mixed herniation and 2 cases herniation of intra-intervertebral foramen showed intervertebral disc into the intervertebral foramen,with displacement or annihilation of the compressed nerve root.Two cases of extra-intervertebral foramen herniation were without positive findings.On MR coronal IDEAL water imaging,it could clearly and accurately show the spatial relationship of the nucleus pulposus and the nerve root.It is superior to the conventional CT axial image,CT MPR image and the conventional MR scanning.Ten cases were diagnosed correctly.Four cases were identified as compressed DRG,5 cases were identified as compressed postganglionic nerve root,1 case was identified with compressed L4 postganglionic nerve root and compressed L5 preganglionic nerve root.Ten cases were all identified with distortion of the compressed nerve root,6 cases were identified with the compressed thinning nerve root,and 2 cases with the compressed thickening nerve root.The other nerve roots were not compressed.Conclusion MR coronal IDEAL water imaging is a good tool to show the spatial relationship of nucleus pulposus and the nerve root in FLLDH patients,and it possesses diagnostic value.

ObjectiveTo test the expression of epidermal growth factor-like domain 7 (EGFL7),microvessel density (MVD) and foeal adhesion kinase pY397 (FAKpY397) in human glioma tissues,and to evaluate their relationship.MethodsThe expression of EGFL7 and FAKpY397 in 56 cases of human glioma and 8 cases of normal brain tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry test,and MVD was detected by CD34 staining.ResultsThere was a significant difference of the positive rates of EGFL7 between normal brain tissue (0) and gliomas (75％),χ2 =17.45,P ＜0.01.With the increased pathological grade,the expression level of EGFL7 increased (χ2 =26.24,P ＜ 0.01 ).There was a significant difference of the positive rates of FAKpY397 between normal brain tissue ( 12.5％ ) and gliomas (73.2％),χ2 =6.23,P ＜ 0.05.With the increased pathological grade,the expression level of FAKpY397 increased (χ2 =6.71,P ＜ 0.01 ). MVD on normal brain was( 15 ± 4 )/HP,on Ⅰ - Ⅱ grade and Ⅲ -Ⅳ grade gliomas was ( 27 ± 3 )/HPand ( 60 ± 4 )/HP respectively,there was a significant difference on MVD between normal brain tissue and gliomas (P ＜ 0.01 ).Higher level of MVD was found in gliomas with higher grade ( P ＜ 0.01 ).There was a positive correlation between EGFL7 and FAKpY397 expressions in gliomas (r =0.314,P ＜0.01 ).There was a significant difference on MVD between positive and negative expression of EGFL7 ( t =26.55,P ＜ 0.01 ). MVD was (56 ± 4 )/HP and (25 ± 3 )/HP respectively.ConclusionThe expression of EGFL7 of human gliomas has a favorable positive correlation with the degree of malignancy,MVD and FAKpY397.It is indicated that EGFL7not only palys an important regulative role in glioma neovascularization,but also it may participate directly in glioma occurrence and invasion.

Objective To explore the relationship between the QT dispersion in simple central obesity youth and carotid atherosclerosis. Methods 38 patients with simple central obesity (obesity group) aged from 18 to 35 years, and 34 normal weight healthy control subjects (control group), age-matched were chosen. The blood pres-sure(BP) ,body mass index(BMI) ,waist-hip ratio(WHR) ,QTd,QTcd,plus the ultrasound examination of the inti-ma-media thickness(IMT) of carotid were measured and plaques on the patients' carotid artery were detected. Re-sults Comparing to the control group,BP,BMI,WHR,QTd,QTcd were larger in the obesity group with significant difference (P < 0.05) ; When QT dispersion was > 50 ms, the risk of IMT was higher than that when QT dispersion was < 50 ms (OR = 7.0,P < 0.05). Condnsion In the youth who are simple central obesity, their QT disper-sions are over the normal reference value, intima-media thickness are abnormal; the risk of IMT is higher when QT dispersion is > 50 ms; suggesting that QT dispersion can be one of reference index for forecasting the cardiovascular disease.

According to the constructivism approach, instructors have to adapt to the role of fa-cilitators but not teachers. Whereas a teacher gives a didactic lecture that covers the subject matter , a fa-cilitator helps the learner to get to his or her own understanding of the content. In the former scenario the learner plays a passive role and in the latter scenario the learner plays an active role in the learning pro-cess. Under the guidance of this theory, a multi-dimension teaching model based on classroom teaching, network platform and innovate experiments has been established in the course of basis of clinical labora-tory. It has been found that this model is conducive to raising students' interests in learning and to culti-vating student's comprehensive quality.

Objective To provide the scientific basis for realizing the inter-accreditation of laboratory electrolyte detection results by comparing the electrolyte detection results in 5 grade 3A hospitals of Zhuhai city .Methods Each 10 serum samples with low , middle and high concentrations of electrolyte were collected for simultaneously detecting the electrolyte kalium (K) ,natrium (Na) and chlorinum (Cl) .The detection results were performed the statistical analysis and comparison .The mutual bias within 1/2 of al-lowable error of CLIA′88 indicated that the detection results were mutually accredited ,if the mutual bias exceeding 1/2 of allowable error ,the detection results could not be mutually accredited .Results The difference of electrolyte detection results in 5 hospitals accorded with the stipulation requirement of CLIA′88 .Conclusion The electrolyte detection results of 5 hospitals could be mutually accredited .

Objective To explore the image features of benign fibrous histiocytoma of bone and its correlative differential diagnosis.Methods Nine cases of benign fibrous histiocytoma of bone were retrospectively analyzed by comparing the imaging findings with surgical and pathological results.Results In all 9 cases,the tumors were single,ranged from 10 mm?15 mm?20 mm to 50 mm?50 mm?60 mm in diameter,which appeared as round or oval destruction with clear border in the bone,neither calcification nor ossification.The border of tumors in 5 cases was accompanied by integrated sclerosis ring with homogeneous thickness.There were expanding changes in 6 cases,no expanding changes in 3 cases.4 cases underwent MRI,2 cases were homogeneous,low signal on both T1WI and T2WI,and 2 cases were low signal on T1WI and high signal on T2WI with low signal sclerosis ring in circumference.There were no periosteum reaction and soft-tissue tumor in 9 cases.Conclusion X-ray,CT and MRI are valuable in the diagnosis of benign fibrous histiocytoma of bone,for some typical cases,the correctly diagnosis of it can be made before operation.