Endothelialprogenitorcels(EPCs)arethepluripotentstemcelsofvascularendothelial cels. They have self-differentiation and proliferation ability. A large number of animal experiments and preliminary clinical studies have show n that EPCs have broad prospects of clinical application. This article review s the research status of EPCs and their application in the clinical treatment of ischemic stroke.

Objective To establish normal reference indexes of aorta during gestation and cut-points for detection of fetuses with coarctation of aorta.Methods From long-axis views of the aortic arch,the internal diameter of the aortic root,ascending aorta,transverse aortic arch,aortic isthmus,descending aorta,anonyma,left common carotid artery,left subclavian artery were measured in 234 normal fetuses at different time ranging from 14 to 41 weeks during gestation.Reference values of each aortic segment were constructed by linear regression analysis.The ratio of each aortic segment to the ascending aorta were calculated.ResultsThe internal diameter in each aortic segments increased as pregnancy progressed (P<0.01).In the prenatal diagnosis of fetus with coarctation of the aorta,the ratio of the aortic isthmus to the ascending aorta and descending aorta to the ascending aorta were significantly lower than the normal fetuses(all P<0.01).Conclusions The ratio of the aortic isthmus to the ascending aorta and ratio of descending aorta to the ascending aorta detected by echocardiography may be helpful in the prenatal diagnosis of coarctation of aorta.

Objective To investigate therapeutic effects of Salvia miltiorrhiza on hepatic fibrosis of rats induced by carbon tewachloridean. Methods Rat models of hepatic fibrosis were founded by intraperitoneal injection of carbon tetrachloride. Salvia miltiorrhiza were given to these rats. Normal group and control group were set for comparison at the same time. Serum levels of ALT, AST, HA, LN, and PC-Ⅲ were detected; HE and Masson staining were conducted in hepatic tissues to observe pathological variations. Results Salvia miltiorrhiza could decrease serum levels of ALT, AST, HA, LN,PC-Ⅲ obviously (P ＜0.01), compared with the control group; Salvia miltiorrhiza could obviously improve pathological variations compared with the control group. Conclusion Salvia miltiorrhiza has therapeutic effect on hepatic fibrosis of rats

Objective To determine the normal position of the fetal conus medullaris and assess its clinical significance.Methods A total of 550 singleton pregnant women who were examined by fetal ultrasonography in the Department of Ultrasound at the Second Hospital of Fujian Medical University from June 1, 2013 to September 31, 2014 were included.Inclusion criteria were pregnancies with regular menstruation cycle and known last menstrual period, gestational age (GA) confirmed by ultrasonographic examinations, and neonate abnormality excluded by pediatrician after born.Routine obstetric ultrasound examinations were performed to measure the biparietal diameter (BPD), femur length (FL), head circumference (HC) and abdominal circumference (AC).The conus distance (CD) was determined by measuring the distance between the distal end of the conus medullaris and the caudal end of the last vertebra.The average value was calculated for each group according to GA.Fifty normal fetuses were randomly selected for quality control.For inter-observer reliability assessment, the same data were collected and analyzed by two different operators.For intra-observer reliability assessment, the data were collected and analyzed twice by the same operator with an interval of half an hour.Linear regression correlation analysis was performed to analyze the relationship between CD and GA, BPD, FL, HC and AC.Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland-Altman analysis were used to analyze the repeatability of the analysis.Results In 518 (94.2％) of 550 fetuses, the CD was successfully measured.Positively correlations between the conus distance and the gestational age was observed.The CD was (10.0± 3.3) mm at ＞ 14-≤ 15 weeks (n=17), (27.7±3.8) mm at ＞ 20-≤ 21 weeks of gestation (n=18), (41.5±2.4) mm at ＞ 26-≤ 27 weeks (n=8), (54.7±3.0) mm at ＞ 32-≤ 33 weeks (n=17), and (71.9±2.7) mm at ＞ 41-≤ 42 weeks (n=6).Linear regression correlations between CD (mm) and FL, AC, HC, BPD and GA were:CD=1.04× FL (mm)-8.71, CD=0.23 × AC (mm)-10.11, CD=0.28× HC (mm)-18.10, CD=0.90× BPD (mm)-17.65, CD=2.34× GA (weeks)-20.94 (r=0.990, 0.985, 0.978, 0.974 and 0.973, respectively, all P ＜ 0.01).The measurement of the conus distance exhibited good reproducibility between different operators (ICC=0.984, 95％CI: 0.972-0.991) and for the same operator (ICC=0.992, 95％CI: 0.985-0.995) with the 95％ limits of agreement of-1.8 to 3.5 mm and-4.3 to 2.1 mm.Bland-Altman analysis showed that most of the measured values were within 95％ confidence interval suggesting good consistency.Conclusions The distance, between the end of the conus medullaris and the end of the last vertebral body under ultrasound scan, is positively correlated with FL and other ultrasonographic indicators, which implies that it could be used as a new index for position of fetal conus medullaris.

Objective To observe the effects of Ganlu Xiaodu Dan and its incomplete prescription on expressions of MiR-146a and TLR4 mRNA in RD cells infected by EV71. Methods With technique of cell culturing, Ganlu Xiaodu Dan therapy group, incomplete Qing prescription therapy group, incomplete Li prescription therapy group, normal cells control group, model control group and ribavirin control group were set, and tests for virus toxicity and medicine toxicity in cells were taken, then expressions of miRNA-146a and TLR4 mRNA in these RD cells 24 hours after intervention with medicine were detected. Results Compared with normal cells control group, miR-146a in mRNA model control group decreased and TLR4 mRNA increased. Compared with model control group, miR-146a mRNA in Ganlu Xiaodu Dan therapy group, incomplete Qing prescription therapy group and incomplete Li prescription therapy group all increased while TLR4 mRNA decreased, and differences between ribavirin control group and model control group were not significant. Compared with Ganlu Xiaodu Dan therapy group, both expressions of miR-146a and TLR4 mRNA in incomplete Qing prescription therapy group were lower; miR-146a increased and TLR4 mRNA decreased in incomplete Li prescription therapy group. Compared with incomplete Qing prescription therapy group, miR-146a mRNA in incomplete Li prescription therapy group increased, but expression of TLR4mRNA between them was not significant. Conclusion Ganlu Xiaodu Dan can regulate the immune reactions caused by infection of EV71 by increasing expression of miR-146a mRNA and reducing expression of TLR4 mRNA. There may be antagonism effect between incomplete Qing prescription and incomplete Li prescription.

Objective To explore anti-EV71 effects of Ganlu Xiaodudan in vitro. Methods Ribavirin was taken as control drug, with the help of cell culture to observe anti-EV71 inhibition rate of Ganlu Xiaodudan in inhibiting-virus-directly experiment, therapeutic-inhibiting-virus experiment, preventive-inhibiting-virus experiment and preventive-therapeutic-inhibiting-virus experiment. Results In inhibiting-virus-directly experiment, therapeutic-inhibiting-virus experiment and preventive-therapeutic-inhibiting-virus experiment, virus inhibition rate of Ganlu Xiaodudan was higher than ribavirin. In preventive-inhibiting-virus experiment, virus inhibition rates of Ganlu Xiaodudan and ribavirin both were almost zero. Conclusion Ganlu Xiaodudan has better antiviral effects on EV71 than ribavirin, and it can affect more than one link of multiplication of EV71.

Objective To study the effect of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) on expressions of K8 and K18 in duct epithelial cells of salivary gland. Methods The expressions of immediate early antigen of HCMV, K8 and K18 were detected by immunohistochemistry staining in tissues embedded in paraffin of parotid cytomegalic inclusion disease(PCID). Results Cytomegly bearing inclusion appeared in duct epithelium of PCID. DDG9/CCH2 antigen of HCMV was expressed in cytomegly bearing inclusion. K8 was negative in these cytomegly while K18 was intensively positive. Conclusion It is suggested that breaking down of K8 be induced in parotid duct epithelial cells infected by HCMV and that up-regulation of K18 may be a reactive change. Keratin network in simple epithelium functions to impart mechanical integrity to cells.

Objective To observe therapeutic effects of HuGanJieXian decoction on rats hepatic fibrosis induced by tetrachloride. Methods Rat models of hepatic fibrosis were constructed by intraperitoneal injection of tetrachloride.HuGanJieXian decoction composed of low, middle, and high dose curcumin were given to these rats respectively at the same time. Sho-saiko-to compound treatment group and Fufangbiejiarangan Tablets treatment group were made as positive control groups. After twelve weeks, all rats were executed. Serum samples were kept for measuring serum levels of PC-Ⅲ, LN, and HA. Left livers were extirpated for pathologic examination including H.E and Masson stainings. Grade of hepatic fibrosis were evaluated according to SSS system. The levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) of supematant centrifugated from hepatic tissue homogenate were detected. Results Serum levels of PC-Ⅲ, LN, and HA were depressed obviously in decoction groups compared with those of fibrotic group (P<0.05) , especially in the low-dose curcumin group.HuGanJieXian Decoction could increase the level of SOD and decrease the level of MDA (P<0.05) , especially in the low-dose curcumin group. Staining of H. E and Masson showed that degrees of hepatic fibrosis in decoction groups were improved obviously compared with that of the fibrotic group. Conclusion HuGanJieXian Decoction can improve rat hepatic fibrosis, the mechanism of this effect may be associated with protecting hepatic cell membrane and anti- peroxidative damage.

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of Notch-1 expression in small cell lung cancer(SCLC) and non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC),and analyze the role of it in prognosis.Methods SP immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of Notch-1 antibody in 43 of SCLC and 40 of NSCLC tissues.Further analysis was carried out to interpret the association of Notch-1 antibody expression with clinicopathological features,lymph node metastasis and prognosis in SCLC.Results The positive rate of Notch-1 expression was 20.93％ ( 9/43 ) in SCLC,while 65.00％ ( 26/40 ) in NSCLC.The expression of Notch-1 antibody was associated with clinical stage and lymph node metastasis ( x2 =5.42,P ＜ 0.05 ; x2 =4.88,P ＜ 0.05respectively),but was not associated with age,sex,tumor location,tumor size ( Ps ＞ 0.05 ).Compared with NSCLC,the expression rates of Notch-1 antibody were significantly higher in SCLC ( x2 =16.50,P ＜ 0.05 ).Kaplan-Meier survival analysis indicated that the survival time of patients with positive Notch-1 expression was significantly longer than that of patients with negative staining( x2 =19.87,P ＜ 0.05 ).Cox regression analysis showed that Notch-1 antibody could significantly reduce the risk of death in patients with SCLC.Conclusion The positive expressions of Notch-1 were significantly different in SCLC and NSCLC,which linked to the clinicalstage,lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis.Accordingly,the expression of Notch-1 may have good value in diagnosis and prognosis.

Objective To establish normative data for the fetal cisterna magna septa (CMS) at various gestational age,and to evaluate its clinical significance.Methods A total of consecutive fetal between 14 and 40 gestational week(GW) were included in this prospective study.The length and width of CMS were measured by two-dimensional ultrasonography.Regression analysis was used to study the relationship between the width and length of the fetal cisterna magna septa and gestational age.Twenty-five case of fetuses with the absence of CMS and 12 case of fetuses with the enlargement of CMS were retrospectively analyzed in the past six years in our hospital.Results ①The fetal CMS length and width increased gradually between 14 and 22 GW,then plateaued between 23 GW and 36 GW,and decreased after 37 GW.This ultrasonographic pattern was in agreement with normal development of rhombencephalon.②The absence of CMS in the fetuses were common in Dandy-Walker syndrome,holoprosencephaly,severe hydrocephalus,neural tube defects,rhombencephalon synapsis and Arnold-Chiari malformation.The enlargement of CMS in the fetuses may be shown in physiologic enlargement of posterior fossa.ConclusionsCMS is a potential new marker for normal development of rhombencephalon.The enlargement and absence of CMS are related to various malformations of central neural system,especially in the abnormalities of posterior fossa.