The theory basis for 'nao zhe wu you suo shou ming' is expounded based on the time background for Sheng Ji Zong Lu,the deeper realization of brain anatomy and pathophysiology.'Brain Controls Mental and Emotional Activities' theory is the result of self-development of traditional Chinese medicine and recreation of theory.It might change the current situation of ' the heart replaces the brain ' and make a real qualitative leap in the theory for the brain and the spinal cord in traditional Chinese medicine.

Respecting patients' informed consent right is not only the request of both patients and society,but it is the duty of law and ethics as well.Hospitals should respect the freedom of patients,fulfill the duty of caring and informing,and combine the adjustment of law and moral.

Distinguish between the medical accident and the medical malpractice and the definitude of their responsibility, are propitious to solve and mitigate the conflict between the doctors and the patients. The text compares the medical accident with the medical malpractice, from their definition, elements and respond.

To expound evidence and methodology of relating Chinese materia medica to brain and channel tropism.Evidences of traditional Chinese medical are: correlative medicine,visceral system and channel system recorded in literature.Modern medicine study has found the meridian distribution theory has close relation with blood brain barrier,effective constituents' distribution in the body,receptor theory,cylic nucleotides,and brain protection and so on.It provids reference for future research of relating Chinese Medicine to brain and channel tropism.

Evidence-based medicine mirrors the natural and social properties of human being,harmoniously integrating scientific spirit and humanistic spirit. Discussions were made on such aspects as the relationship between human spirit and harmonious doctor-patient relationship. The humanistic spirit of evidence-based medicine, and the humanistic spirit of evidence-based medicine as used in building harmonious doctor-patient relationship. The authors point out the following: 1) Medical science itself is a wealth of humanistic sprits, and medicinal science can better serve human being with humanistic spirit;2) Evidence-based medicine is completely in line with medical humanities, which scientifically reveals the "People-oriented medicine" as the essential attribute of human sciences;3) Modem clinical medicine has unveiled the evidence-based era. Based on these findings, the authors hold that in such an era,exploration and understanding of the human spirit as the core of evidence-based medicine and focusing on the cultivation of medical humanistic spirit, will be conducive to building a harmonious doctor-patient relationship.

From 1965 to 1986, 36 patients with Wilms' tumor were terated by nephrectomy,postoperative irradiation and chemotherapy. The radiation doses of 1540～3920cGy were given according to an age-medulated dose scheme. All except 4 Stage I received chemotherapy. The most commonly used chemotherapeutic agent was Act-D, VCR. The overall 5-year survival rate was 61.1%(22/36) and 10-year survival rate was 56%(14/25). The 5- and 10-year survival rates were 87.5% and 80% for Stage I, 63.2% and 61.5% for stage II,33.3% and 28.6% for stage III patents. The favorable factors which led to better results were: early stages(stages I,II) and aged under 5 years . The 5-year survival rates of Stages I,II and Stage III were 70.4%(19/27) and 33.3%(3/9), respectively(P

The P53,Rb,nm23,C-berB-2 genes of testicular tissues were assayed with immunohistochemical method in 30 hereditary cryptorchids.The results indicate that nm23 of 4 cases and C-berB-2 of 2 cases were positively stained in 30 cases,and one of the 6 cases was both positively stained in an abdominal undescended testis.The findings suggest that aberrantion of nm23,C-berB-2 genes is associated with testicular neoplasms of retained testis,specifically abdominal undescended testis has trend to variation of correlative oncogenes of testicular tissues.

Objective To evaluate the application of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) in the treatment of traumatic hemothorax. Methods We performed VATS in 60 cases of traumatic hemothorax with medium amount of bleeding or above from March 2000 to March 2004, including 12 cases accompanying the prodrome of shock and 6 cases associated with injuries of liver or spleen. Unilateral VATS was carried out in 48 cases, all of which were completed under thoracoscope except 3 cases of heart injuries were supplemented with mini-incision repair. Bilateral VATS was conducted in 6 cases and the combination of thoracoscopy with laparoscopy was required in 6 cases. Results The operation time was 45～175 min (mean, 105 min) and the postoperative hospital stay was 7～13 days (mean, 11 days). No complication occurred. Conclusions VATS in the management of traumatic hemothorax is safe, effective and minimally invasive, with a relatively short operation time and quick recovery.

Objective To observe the effect of compound Epi medium injection(CEI )on focal cerebral ischemia in rats.Methods Sixty Sprague -Dawsley rats were ran domly allocated to six groups:mimic operation group(n=10),model group(n=10),tetramethylpyrazine injection gro up(n=10),CEI groups(treated with large -,moderate -and small -dose of CEI respectively).Focal cerebral ischemia in rats was induced by occlusion of right middle cerebral artery and the effects of CEI on plasm a levels of TXA 2 and PGI 2 ,platelet aggregation ,SOD and MDA a ctivities and infarct size of brain were observed.Results CEI could increase PGI 2 level in plasma,lower platelet aggregation rate,increase SOD activity,decrease TXA 2 level and MDA content and lessen the i nfarct size of brain.Conclusion CEI can keep the balance of TXA 2 -PGI 2 ,inhibit platelet aggregation and i ncrease the volume of cerebral blood flow.Meanwhile,it can also elimi-nate oxygen free radicals,improve cerebral function and relie ve ischemic damage induced by acute c erebral infarction.

Objective:To investigate the status of parenting locus of control for middle school students in Hunan and explore its impact factors. Methods: The 5583 middle school students and their parents were sampled randomly using stratified sampling. The self-developed questionnaire and the Parenting Locus of Control Scale (PLOC) were self-administered in them. Results: The average scores of PLOC and five factors were 126.8?11.2, 24.5?3.9, 29.5?4.3, 17.2?3.2, 27.9?4.7 and 28.2?4.5 respectively. T test, analysis of variance, and q test showed, region, grade, type of school, and gender were statistically significant factors of total PLOC and five factors (P