OBJECTIVE:To improve the method of Chinese Pharmacopoeia on the extraction of volatile oil from Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz..METHODS:Volatile oil was extracted from Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz.and determined by the extraction method and determination method stated in Chinese Pharmacopoeia and by the new improved method respectively.And the components of volatile oil obtained in these two methods were respectively separated and identified by GC-MS.RESULTS:The extraction rates of volatile oil by the method of Chinese Pharmacopoeia vs.the new method were(1.28? 0.03) %(n=6) vs.(1.39? 0.03) %(n=6).As compared with the new method,seven components were missed by the method of Chinese Pharmacopoeia.CONCLUSION:The new extraction method of volatile oil can increase both the extraction rate of volatile oil and the kinds of the components in volatile oil,and it is obviously better than the method stated in Chinese Pharmacopoeia.

Objective To observe the distribution of parvalbumin immunoreactive neurons in the hippocampal formation of human fetuses. Methods The distribution of parvalbumin immunoreactive neurons in the hippocampal formation of human fetuses at 30 week were investigated by ABC immunocytochemical technique. Results The abundant parvalbumin immunoreactive neurons were localized in all regions of hippocampal formation, especially in the stratum pyramidale. In the stratum oriens of CA1\|3, the triangle or shuttle parvalbumin immunoreactive neurons with some processes were smaller and scattered in this layer. In the stratum pyramidale, the parvalbumin immunoreactive neurons distributed densely, and the processes run out to the stratum oriens and stratum moleculare. In the stratum moleculare the parvalbumin immunoreactive neurons were sparser than in the stratum oriens and stratum moleculare. The parvalbumin immunoreactive neurons in hilus were denser in the hippocampal formation, compared with the other regions, however, delamination of them was not distinct. The processes of parvalbumin immunoreactive neurons run out to the dentate gyrus. The parvalbumin immunoreactive neurons in the dentate gyrus were mainly localized in the stratum granule. Few immunoreactive neurons distributed in the other layers, which were lightly stained and with no processes. In the subicular complex, the lightly stained neurons with few processes were mainly localized in the stratum pyramidale. Conclusion The abundant parvalbumin immunoreactive neurons presented in all regions of the hippocampal formation, especially in the stratum pyramidale. However, the ripe time of these neurons might be different, neurons in CA3 and hilus were earlier than in the dentate gyrus and subicular complex.

Objective:To explore the characteristics of original site of premature ventricular contraction (PVC) in pa‐tiets with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) .Methods:Among ECG‐detected single‐source PVC patients ,a total of 150 idiopathic PVC patients and 150 AMI patients were randomly selected as control group and AMI group respec‐tively .Original sites of PVC was compared between AMI group and control group and between left and right ventri‐cle of AMI group ,and the relationship between original sites of PVC and diseased coronary in AMI patients was an‐alyzed .Results:Compared with control group ,there was significant rise in percentage of PVC originated from left ventricular apex (6.0% vs .46.0% ) ,and significant reductions in percentages of PVC originated from right ventric‐ular outflow tract (54.7% vs .27.3% ) and right ventricular anterior wall (10.0% vs .3.3% ) in AMI group , P<0.05 or <0.01. In AMI group ,compared with PVC originated from right ventricular outflow tract ,there was sig‐nificant rise in incidence rate of PVC originated from left ventricular apex (27.3% vs .46.0% ) , P=0.001 ;com‐pared with right ventricle , there was significant reduction in incidence rate of outflow tract PVC (66.1% vs . 13.6% ) ,and significant rise in incidence rate of apex PVC (24.4% vs .78.4% ) in left ventricle , P<0.01 both . Relevance test analysis of two‐way disordered classified data indicated that diseased coronary was not related to orig‐inal sites of PVC in AMI patients (χ2 =0.519 ,P=0.134) .Conclusion:Original sites of premature ventricular con‐traction has its own characteristics in patients with acute myocardial infarction ,which may possess certain guidance significance for its treatment .

This article reviews and summarizes the research data about vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia in recent years from the aspects of epidemiology,pathogeny,pathology,diagnosis,clinical manifestations,as well as its mechanism and treatment.

Objective The aim of this study was to establish a rat model of blood hypercoagulable state by intra?venous injection of thrombin and to provide a model for researches on hypercoagulable state. Methods Rats were divided into six groups and were injected with normal saline and 2?5, 5, 10, 20, 40 U/kg thrombin solution through the femoral vein, respectively. Then, blood was drawn to test the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time ( PT) and fibrinogen ( FIB) , and to observe the death rate of rats in these groups to verify the optimal dosage. On this ba?sis, rats were injected thrombin of the best dose through the femoral vein, and blood samples were collected at 0, 10, 30, 60, 120, 180, 300 (s) to test APTT and PT and FIB for determining the best time for blood sampling. At last, the rats were divided into control group and thrombin group to inject normal saline or thrombin solution in the best dose via the fem?oral vein, and blood was taken at the best time to test APTT, PT, FIB and whole blood viscosity. Results APTT and PT values of the 10 U/kg thrombin group were the shortest, and FIB value of this group was the highest among these groups. APTT and PT values of blood sample collected at about 60 s after thrombin injection were the shortest, and FIB value was the highest. Compared with the control group, PT and APTT values of the thrombin group were shorter (P<0?05), and blood viscosity and FIB were higher ( P<0?05 ) . Conclusions Injecting thrombin solution into the femoral vein can be used to establish a rat model of hypercoagulable state. The best dose of thrombin solution is 10 U/kg in a concentration of 2 U/mL. The best time to collect blood sample is 60 s.

Objective To improve recongnition of CT manifestations and value in diagnosing aortic dissection and rupture.Methods The CT plain and enhanced findings in 16 cases with aortic dissection were analyzed retrospectively,these 16 cases were classified in to DeBakey type Ⅰ?Ⅱand Ⅲ in 2,4 and 10,in which 3 cases had subacute and chronic rupture.Results Among these 16 patients with AD,the aortic double lumen and intimal flap,6 cases were showed minor calcifications in the dissection membrane,3 cases were acute rupture or slow leakage complications including periaortic mediastinal,pericardiac pleural or retroperitoneal effusion and retroperitoneal diffuse fibrosis.Conclusion CT is a helpful reliable and rather simple technique for AD lesion and complication.It should be suggested if a diffuse fibrosis occure in retroperitoneal space complicating with chronic permeability of AD.

The pigmentum was prepared by using alginic glue prepared by the authors as the film - forming material. It was compared with pigmentum of Alg. Na and PVA in antibacterial activity, stability, film -forming and drug -release. The results showed that alginic glue was better than both Alg. Na and PVA. This pigmentum is an effective treatment for exudative dermatosis .

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and therapeutic efficacy of prophylactic implantation of intraaortic balloon pump in patients with high-risk coronary artery disease.Methods 121 patients with high-risk coronary heart disease who received prophylactic implantation of intraaortic balloon pump in percutaneous coronary intervention were enrolled as the treatment group (Group A),and another 119 patients with high-risk coronary heart disease who had conventional coronary intervention were enrolled as the control group (Group B).The rates of intraoperative malignant arrhythmia (ventricular tachycardia,ventricular fibrillation),acute left heart failure,cardiogenic shock and sudden death were compared between the two group.NT-proBNP levels,left ventricular systolic function and the rates of major adverse cardiac events,within 30 days of PCI and after 1 year were compared between the two groups.Results The event rates of intraoperative malignant arrhythmia,acute left heart failure,cardiogenic shock,and sudden death in Group A was significantly lower than those in Group B (all P ＜ 0.05).Postoperative hematoma were found in 2 cases,aortic dissection in 1 case and thrombocytopenia in 1 case in Group A without significant difference as compared to Group B (P ＞ 0.05).Within 30 days after PCI,NT-proBNP levels and left ventricular diastolic diameter in Group A were lower than those in Group B while the left ventricular ejection fraction in Group A was higher than that in Group B (all P ＜ 0.05).The rates of major cardiac adverse events,including sudden cardiac death and severe heart failure were lower than those in Group B (all P ＜ 0.05).At 1 year after PCI,the NT-proBNP levels left ventricular diastolic diameter in Group A were lower than those in Group B with the left ventricular ejection fraction in Group A was higher than that in Group B (all P ＜ 0.05).There were no significant differences in the rates of major cardiac adverse events,including sudden cardiac death and severe heart failure after 1 year(all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions For patients with high-risk coronary heart disease undergoing coronary intervention,prophylactic implantation of intraaortic balloon pump may decrease the incidence of intraoperative complications,reduce the incidence of cardiac death and severe heart failure within 30 days,and improve the left ventricular function after 1 year.Its role in reducing long term major cardiac adverse events after 1 year still needs more clinical trials for funther justification.

Objective To update the knowledge on the sensitizing drugs and clinical features of drug eruption. Methods The clinical data on 138 patients hospitalized for drug eruption in the Department of Dermatology, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, from January 2005 to June 2007, were collected and retrospectively analyzed. Results Totally, 178 episodes of drug eruption were observed in these patients during the tested period. The major sensitizing drugs included antibacterial agents (31.46%), non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (28.09%), traditional Chinese medicines (15.73%). Amoxicillin triggered 20 episodes of drug eruption and was the most common causative drug. Oral administration was the predominant sensitizing route of administration (54.17%). Of all the drug eruptions, 33.71% manifested by erythema multiforme, 28.09% by fixed drug eruption, 22.47% by exanthematous drug eruption. Severe types of drug eruption were mainly caused by traditional Chinese medicines and anti-gout drugs. Conclusions Antibacterial agents and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have become the major sensitizing drugs of drug eruption, especially amoxicillin. The frequency of traditional Chinese medicine-induced eruptions are increasing. Furthermore, caution is warranted for the drug eruption caused by oral administration.

Objective To investigate the effects and possible mechanisms of ursolic acid (UA) on inhibiting proliferation of human esophageal carcinoma cell Eca-109 and inducing its apoptosis. Methods Cell proliferation was determined by MTT assay. Electron microscope was used to observe the ultrastructural changes of Eca-l09 induced by UA. Cell cycle and apoptotic rate were analyzed by flow cytometry (FCM),and the expression of P27kip1,Bcl-2 and Bax were detected by Western blot method. Results UA could significantly inhibit the growth of Eca-109 cells(P