This paper reviews progresses made in China from 2011 in areas of "Synthetic Biology" supported by State Basic Research 973 Program. Till the end of 2014, 9 "synthetic biology" projects have been initiated with emphasis on "microbial manufactures" with the 973 Funding Program. Combined with the very recent launch of one project on "mammalian cell synthetic biology" and another on "plant synthetic biology", Chinese "synthetic biology" research reflects its focus on "manufactures" while not giving up efforts on "synthetic biology" of complex systems.
Animals ; China ; Plants ; Synthetic Biology

This paper reviews the research and commercialization progresses of biobased polymeric materials including polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), polylactides (PLA), poly (butylene succinate) (PBS) and its monomer succinate, and CO2 copolymer poly (propylene carbonate), especially these efforts made in China.
Bioengineering ; Butylene Glycols ; China ; Polyesters ; Polyhydroxyalkanoates ; Polymers ; Propane ; analogs & derivatives ; Succinic Acid

Objective To study on postpartum obsessive compulsive disorder at home and abroad,and to provide new idea of diagnosis,evaluation and treatment on postpartum obsessive compulsive disorder.Method A search using Medline,Embase,EBSCO,Cochrane Library,Web of Science (ISI),Pubmed databases and Google Scholar was carried out using the key words:obsessive compulsive disorder (and derivatives),perinatal,pregnancy,postnatal,postpartum,mothers (and derivatives),anxiety disorders and subtypes. These articles and their references were reviewed.Results Twenty-seven papers were incorporated,but no Chinese paper.The life prevalence of postpartum OCD was 2.3％-11.0％.The most common obsessions were aggressive,contamination and miscellaneous,and compulsion for washing/cleaning and checking.Cognitive behavioural therapy and SSRIs have been suggested as a fist-line treatment of postpartum OCD.Conclusion OCD is more prevalent in the postpartum period.The evidence that OCD in the postpartum period presents a distinctive clinical picture with specific symptomatology and course is more compelling.Collaborative,international,prospective studies that take into account the methodological and definitional issues raised in this review are necessary to provide clarification.

In recent 20 years,liver transplantation has been rapidly developed in China,and the number of cases and patient outcomes have continued to improve.However,many problems emerged,such as mismatch of donor source and unbalanced distribution system,the research achievements lacking of innovation and core competitiveness,and clinical study level lags behind.In order to solve the problems mentioned above,the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University has carried out a series of work,such as expanding the donor pool,improving clinical technologies,and strengthening basic researches.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the pharmacokinetic profiles of baicalin(a constituent in Sanhuang decoction) in rats.METHODS:Blood samples were collected as schedule from rats after intragastrically administration of Sanhuang decoction, then the content of baicalin was determined by HPLC and the chief pharmacokinetic parameters were computed.RE SU1TS:The chief pharmacokinetic parameters of baicalin in rats were as follows:t_(max1)=(15?4.23) min;t_(max2)=(6.8?0.54) h;C_(max1) =(4.49?1.56)?g?mL~(-1);C_(max2)=(3.25?1.23)?g?mL~(-1);AUC =(35.52?12.35)?g?h?mL ~(-1);t_(12)=(5.12?0.23)h;CL=(3.86?0.91) 1?h~(-1).CONCLUSION:The method is simple in sample treatment,rapid and accurate,specific and sensitive,and it can be used as a means for the monitoring of the serum concentration of baicalin containing Chinese patent medicines and so as to provide reference for clinical rational drug use.

Objective To identity bacteria of bacteroides group by PCR.Method The universal primers were designed according to the sequence of 16S rRNA,then 13 strains bacteroides and the other non-bacteroides were amplified by PCR. PCR products were then sequenced and analyzed by Blast.Results Thirteen strains of bacteroides were amplified, and the non-bacteroides were not amplified. The pairs of primers had highly specificity.Comparing the gene sequences of the 13 strains,bacteroides with corresponding standard 16S rRNA sequences,the homology was from 81% to 100%.Conclusion The established PCR assay could specially amplify bacteroides and had good sensitivity with 100 genomes/ml.

Objective To investigate the clinical values of serum amyloid A (SAA) and hypersensitivity C reactive protein(hs-CRP) in the diagnosis of postoperative infection in patients with ovarian tumor.Methods Clinical data of 679 patients with ovarian tumor were retrospectively analyzed.According to the development of postoperative infection or not,all patients were assigned into infection group(n =45) or non-infection group(n =634).The primary outcomes indicators were SAA,hs-CRP,C reactive protein(CRP) and white blood cell.Results Compared with the non-infection group,the infection group got a significantly higher levels of SAA [(104.73 ± 34.74) mg/L vs.(6.12 ±0.74) mg/L,t =25.546,P =0.000] and hs-CRP [(142.35 ± 43.84) mg/L vs.(18.45 ± 5.39) mg/L,t =24.595,P =0.000] and white blood cell [(11.48 ± 3.59) × 109/L vs.(7.49 ± 2.83) × 109/L,t =6.305,P =0.000] and CRP [(32.58 ± 10.48) mg/L vs.(16.34 ± 8.47) mg/L,t =8.496,P =0.000].The area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic of SAA,hs-CRP,white blood cell and CRP were 0.879 (95％ confidence interval:0.825 ～ 0.920,P =0.000),0.858(95％ confidence interval:0.792 ～0.925,P =0.000),0.737(95％ confidence interval:0.658 ～0.817,P =0.000) and 0.767 (95 ％ confidence interval:0.713 ～ 0.822,P =0.000).Z tests showed that the areas under the curve of SAA and hs-CRP in the diagnosis of postoperative infection in patients with ovarian tumor were higher than white blood cells and CRP(all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion SAA and hs-CRP have better diagnostic values in the postoperative infection of ovarian tumor,and it is worth to be popularized.

Objective To study the evolutionary and mutant characteristics of Ebora virus envelope glycoprotein.Methods A total of 100 Ebora virus envelope glycoproteins amino acid sequences isolated during 1976 and 2014 were collected from National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI).Multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic tree analysis were performed to investigate the evolutionary and mutant characteristics of Ebora virus envelope glycoprotein.Results Glycoprotein amino acid sequences of Ebora virus isolated during 1976 and 2014 showed only 54.00％-65.00％ homology among different subtypes,while 95.00％-100.00％ homology in same subtypes.Ebola virus isolated from different regions in 2014 showed a 99.70％-100.00％ homology of glycoprotein amino acid sequences in the same subtype.The homology of glycoprotein amino acid sequences of Ebola-Zaire virus isolated from Sierra Leone in 2014 was 100.00％,but three strains of Ebola-Zaire virus isolated from Guinea showed diversity in glycoprotein amino acid sequences.Glycoprotein amino acid sequences of Ebola virus with different subtypes were on different branches of phylogenetic tree.Glycoprotein amino acid sequences of Ebola-Zaire virus isolated from Sierra Leone in 2014 were on one branch,and those of Ebola-Zaire virus isolated from other countries during 1976 and 2014 were on the another branch.Conclusions Glycoprotein amino acid sequences of Ebora virus vary with time and region.Ebola-Zaire virus isolated from different regions in 2014 may be two variants with the same origin,and hybrid phenomenon is not observed among virus of different subtypes.

Objective To study the character of influenza A (H1N1) virus hemagglutinin from human and animal in order to discuss relation of hemagglutinin from between human and animal. Methods Influenza A( H1N1 ) virus hemagglutinin from human, swine and avian were downloaded from NCBI. The above hemagglutinin amino acid sequences were used to compare and establish protein evolution tree. Results Homology of influenza A( H1N1 ) virus hemagglutinin amino acid sequences from human in 2009 is high (99%-100%). But the coherence between influenza A( H1N1 ) virus hemagglutinin amino acid sequences from human in 2009, swine and avian is low, only 77% -90% ( homology is 90% between only ABW36355 from swine and influenza A( H1N1 ) virus hemagglutinin amino acid sequences from human in 2009. The other is 77%-83%). Protein evolution tree show that hemagglutinin amino acid sequences from human,swine and avian is respectively on different branch on evolution tree. The homology between influenza A(H1N1) virus hemagglutinin amino acid sequences from human in 2009(exclude ADA71154) and before 2009 is low, only 79%-80%. And hemagglutinin amino acid sequences in 2009 and before 2009 are respectively on 3 different branch of evolution tree. Conclusion Prevalent influenza A ( H1N1 ) virus in 2009 is a new virus and the study show that prevalent influenza A( H1N1 ) virus in 2009 do not directly come from swine and avian, and don't directly come from human influenza A(H1N1) virus before 2009.

BACKGROUND: Neurasthenia is commonly believed attributing to the complex influence of psychological, social and biological factors.OBJECTIVE: To probe the correlation of neurasthenia with personality,life events and the positive rate of serum Epstein-Barr (EB) virus.DESIGN: Case-controlled observation and prospective paired analysis.SETTING: Mental Health Institute of Second Xiangya Hospital Affiliated to Central South University.PARTICIPANTS: From May to October 2000, patients with neurasthenia,selected from the Clinical Ward of Mental Health Institute of Second Xiangya Hospital Affiliated to Central South University for medical treatment,19 males and 11 females, with mean age of (27±8), the course of disease ranged from 0.5 to 20 years with the average of 4.0 years, enrolled in this study. According to 1:1 paired principle, 30 matched volenteers, their relatives, or students of Xiangya Hospital were randomly selected as controls.Two groups were matched in age, sex and education, patients with psychological and physical disease were excluded. All participants were given written informed consent.METHODS: The level of serum EB virus IgG and IgM of two groups were determined by using ELISA methods. Blood samples were colleted before and after treatment in experimental group, while blood samples were only collected once in control group. Patients in experimental group were given routine medication and integrative psychotherapy according to their state of illness, and Eysenck personality questionnaire (EPQ) were filled in before and after treatment (including four dimensionalities: neuroticism, psychoticism, extroversion/introvision and lie, amongst which higher scores for extroversion/introvision dimensionality represented extroversion and lower dimensionality represented introvision; higher scores of neuroticism dimensionality suggested anxiety and worry. Higher scores for psychoticism suggested solitude and inadaptability to the outer environment), life events scale (including the total score for life events, positive events value and negative events value), and symptom checklist 90 (SCL-90) (consists of 10 factors scored of 0-4, representing non-symptom to severer symptom) were used to assess the clinical symptom. EPQ and SCL-90 were adopted on patients at four months after treatment for self-comparison. EPQ and life events scale were taken on healthy controls, the scores compared with that of experimental group before treatment.for EPQ, the total scores for SCL-90 and positive rate of EB virus in patients with neurasthenia before and after treatment.RESULTS: Totally 27 patients were followed up at 4 months after treatment, and 3 cases lost due to long distance from hospital, thereby 27 cases in experimental group and 30 cases in control group were remained in the roticism in neurasthenia group was significantly higher than that of control group (57.59±10.79, 40.58±8.68, t=6.536, P ＜ 0.01), scores of extroversion/introvision were obviously lower than that of control group (46.31 ±10.79, 53.50±11.28, t=3.203, P ＜ 0.01). In neurasthenic group, scores for neuroticism was obviously decreased after treatment in contrast to before events scale: The total scores and negative scores in neurasthenia group was significantly higher than that of control group (19.73±17.25, 18.93 tal scores for SCL-90: The total scores for SCL-90 was obviously declined after treatment comparing to that of before treatment in neurasthenia of EB virus IgG and IgM: The positive rate in neurasthenia group was significantly higher than that of control group (76.67% vs 26.67% );and positive rate of serum EB virus were proved to be two important pathogenic factors for neurasthenic patients.CONCLUSION: Patients with neurasthenia possess susceptible personality, such as neuroticism and introvision, and commonly experienced negative life events before illness. Moreover the positive rate of EB virus in neurasthenic patients is higher, which might be associated with the higher glucocorticoidinduced EB virus activation under stress state.