This paper reviews progresses made in China from 2011 in areas of "Synthetic Biology" supported by State Basic Research 973 Program. Till the end of 2014, 9 "synthetic biology" projects have been initiated with emphasis on "microbial manufactures" with the 973 Funding Program. Combined with the very recent launch of one project on "mammalian cell synthetic biology" and another on "plant synthetic biology", Chinese "synthetic biology" research reflects its focus on "manufactures" while not giving up efforts on "synthetic biology" of complex systems.
Animals ; China ; Plants ; Synthetic Biology

This paper reviews the research and commercialization progresses of biobased polymeric materials including polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), polylactides (PLA), poly (butylene succinate) (PBS) and its monomer succinate, and CO2 copolymer poly (propylene carbonate), especially these efforts made in China.
Bioengineering ; Butylene Glycols ; China ; Polyesters ; Polyhydroxyalkanoates ; Polymers ; Propane ; analogs & derivatives ; Succinic Acid

0.05).As for patients' age the old age group had the statistical significance vs the non-old age group(P

Objective To test the hypothesis that if oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) were associated with target organ damage(TOD) in patients with essential hypertension.Methods A total of 182 patients with primary hypertension[102 males and 80 females,age (52.8?18.4) years] were enrolled in this study in our department between October 2006 and June 2009.Patients were classified as with TOD(n=85) or without TOD (n=97).Left ventricular mass index (LVMI) and intima-media thickness(IMT) was determined using echocardiography;24 hours urine microalbumin and retinal changes were measured.Cerebral hemorrhage,ischemic infarction,transient ischemic attack (TIA) were evaluated by CT or MRI.Serum ox-LDL was measured by sandwich ELISA.Results Mean ox-LDL level were (114.6?24.3)U/L in without target organ damage patients which was significantly lower than that in target organ damage group[(164.2?27.6)U/L,P

Objective To improve the mammographic diagnostic level of breast ductal diseases.Methods X-ray features,operationand pathologic findings in 166 cases of breast disease were retrospectively analyzed.Results The galactography of all 166 cases showed the manifestations including 78 cases of mammoductal ectasis with ductal dilatation,smooth wall;2 cases of ductal ectasis complicated by infection with ductal dilatation,inregular coarsening wall and interstitial extravasation of contrast medium;11 cases of mammoglandular cystic lobular hyperplasia with cyetic dilatation of terminal ducts in different sizes;49 cases of intraductal papilloma with sound as ovoid fillingdefects showing as interrupted smooth bordered,"cupping" in 26 cases of intraductal papillary carcinoma or intraductal carcinoma with post dilatation ductal stenosis and sigid "amputation" absuption together with sound cauliflower or inregular filling defects.In this series of 166 cases,75 cases vice prover to be tumor(45.1%) with malignancy in 26 cases(15.7%).Conclusion Galactography is an important method for diagnosis and differential diagrosis of mammoglandular disease with nipple discharge.

Objective:To evaluate the impact and predictive value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio( NLR) ,derived neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio( d-NLR) ,platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio( PLR) and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio( LMR) on the prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer with curative resection.Methods: Retrospective analysis of 205 cases of clinical data and returning data after patients with colorectal cancer surgery,ROC curve was applied to determine thresholds for four biomarkers and their prognostic values were assessed using Kaplan-Meier curve,univariate and multivariate COX regression models of patients with NLR,D-NLR,PLR and LMR and other clinicopathological factors and the relationship between the 5-year recurrent-free survival( RFS).Results:According to the ROC curve,LMR could not be used as a potential diagnostic biomarker for subsequently analysis,for its AUC was less than 0.50, The optimal cut-off values were 3.12 with the highest specificity and sensitivity ( 75% and 73.1%) for NLR, while in the univariate analysis show,NLR,D-NLR and PLR were all risk factors of poor recurrence-free survival ( P<0.05 ) , the multivariate regression analysis,NLR≥3.12 and colorectal cancer staging were independent risk factors of prognosis of colorectal cancer.Conclusion:NLR≥3.12 can provide improved accuracy for predicting clinical outcomes in surgical CRC patients under surgery resection.

BACKGROUND:To optimize the oral implant design in the abutment angle has an important effect on bone resorption, and meanwhile, the high bite force from patients is also crucial to rebuild bone absorption.
OBJECTIVE:To optimize the model design of the maxilary anterior teeth using Ansys Workbench 13.0 software and to investigate the stress size on the cortical and cancelous bone from different angled abutments and different loads of the central incisor.
METHODS:A three-dimensional finite element model of the V-shaped cylindrical threaded implants in the maxilary bone. Abutment angle was set as 0°, 5°, 10°, 15°, 20°, 25°, 30°, and the load stress was set as 90, 105, 120, 135, 150, 165, 180, 195, 210 N. Occlusion of the central incisor was simulated on the implants, and then, buccolingual mechanical loads were loaded on the center of prostheses to observe the effects of different abutment angles and loads on the Von Mises peak stress of the maxila and mandible.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Under the influence of a single factor, when the abutment angles acted as variables, the Von Mises peak stress of the cortical and cancelous bone was respectively increased by 60.60% and 69.30% under labial or palatal loads; when the loading stress acted as variables, the Von Mises peak stress of the cortical and cancelous bone was increased by 68.74% and 69.30% under buccolingual loads. When the loading stress was less than 150 N and the abutment angle was less than 25°, the slop of tangent for the mandible Von Mises stress response curve was-1 to 0. It seems from the mechanical analysis that the stress of cancelous bone is more susceptible to abutment angle and load stress; the optimal abutment of screwed implant should be designed to an angle less than 25° and an bite force less than 150 N.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine in the treatment of infertility resulted from ovulation dysfunction.Methods 106 patients with ovulation dysfunction were divided into observation group(n =56)and control group(n =50)in stratified randomization.Both two groups were given clomiphine to induce ovulation.Futhermore,the observation group was added Chinese herb recipe.Both two groups were treated for 3 menstruations.The basic body temperature,follicle development,endometrium depth, ovulation and pregnancy were observed.The serum levels of E2,LH and FSH were detected.Results There was no difference in the basic body temperature between the two groups(P >0.05).After treatment,the basic body tempera-ture of the observation group was obviously superior to that of the control group(χ2 =0.627,P =0.049),there was no difference in the endometrium depth between the two groups(P >0.05).After treatment,the endometrium in the observation group was significantly better than before treatment and that in the control group(t =5.132,P <0.05). After treatment,the serum levels of E2 ,LH and FSH in the observation group were all improved more obviously than those in the control group(t =6.489,5.167,6.035,all P <0.05).The efficacy of the two groups was higher than that of the control group(χ2 =6.049,P =0.048).Conclusion The method of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine can promote the development of follicle and endometrium,improve levels of E2,LH and FSH,enhance ovula-tion rate and pregnancy rate in the treatment of infertility resulted from ovulation dysfunction,which is worthy of clini-cal promoting.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic approaches and treatment choices for priapism,and to upgrade the diagnostic and therapeutic efficacy. Methods Thirteen patients with priapism were evaluated by physical examinations,cavernous blood gas analysis,color duplex ultrasonography and cavernosography.Among them 9 cases of priapism resulted from intracavernosal injection of vaso-active agents,1 from perineal trauma and 3 from unknown cause.All the 13 patients were treated with intracavernosal injection of aramine and cavernosal decompression. Results Among these cases of priapism,12 were of low-flow and 1 was of high-flow.After the treatment,all the patients with priapism achieved remission.During the follow-up of 3 to 43 months,4 cases experienced decreased erection;9 had no significant change of erection.No cavernous fibrosis of penis occurred in them. Conclusions Cavernous blood gas analysis and color duplex ultrasonography are helpful with the accurate and timely dignosis of priapism.Cavernosal decompression and intracavernosal injection of arimine can be applied to most of the patients,and in the course of the treatment systemic adverse events should be avoided.

Objective To explore the diagnosis, surgical treatment and prognosis of thymoma complicated with myasthenia gravis(MG). Methods A retrospective analysis was performed in 33 thymoma patients with MG, who underwent surgical treatment. Results The total effective rate of operation was 75.8%, and the 5 and 10 years survival rates of the patients after operation were 85% and 78.7%, respectively. According to the Masaoka staging system, the 5 and 10 years survival rates of stages I and II were obviously higher than those of stages III and IV (P