Statin therapy has been shown to play a fundamental role in the treatment of coronary heart disease.Some studies have identified associations between genetic variants and response or toxicity in statin treatment.This review summarizes current knowledge of the pharmacogenomics of statin therapy in order to help to select the best individually adapted statin treatment for patients.

Objective To investigate the clinical curative effect of dorsal nerve fasciocutaneous flap in the treatment of children fingertip defect.Methods A total of 20 children (26 fingers)with fingertip defect were chosen as the research objects,and all of them were given the dorsal nerve fasciocutaneous flap surgery within the same finger.The sensory recovery,color,shape and function of the fingers were ob-served.Results All the 26 fingers were survived,and the survival rate was 100%.There were 8 cases of ambient blood circulation crisis 1 to 2 days after the surgery which were eliminated with corresponding treatment.Postoperative follow-up results showed that the sensory re-covery of the skin flap was S2 ~S3 6 months after surgery,and the two-point discrimination (2-PD)was 8 ~14 mm;the sensory recovery of the skin flap was S3 ~S3 +(19 fingers of S3 and 7 fingers of S3 +)12 months after surgery,and the two-point discrimination (2-PD)was 6 ~10 mm;the sensory recovery of the skin flap was S3 +~S4 (20 fingers of S3 +and 6 fingers of S4)12 months after surgery,and the two-point discrimination (2-PD)was 5 ~8 mm.Up to then,the finger shape and color of patients was similar with normal finger,the skin graft donor site was smooth without scar contracture,the finger joint function recovered well,and the distal interphalangeal joint function were normal.Conclusion Treatment of dorsal nerve fasciocutaneous flap repair for children fingertip defect has good clinical effect and it is wor-thy of clinical application.

The acetylation status of histones and non-histone proteins regulate chromatin remodeling and gene transcription. Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi), a promising therapeutic approach to cancer, are characteristic of causing accumulation of acetylated histones and other transcriptional regulators. Recent studies demonstrate that HDACi is able to arrest the cell cycle in G1 and/or G2 phase, and to induce apoptosis in a variety form of transformed cells with little toxicity to normal cells. However, the exact antitumor mechanisms of HDACi are still unclear. This review provides an update on the current knowledge of HDACi with a focus on HDACi-regulated cell growth arrest and apoptosis.

AIM:To investigate the effect of trichostatin A(TSA)on p27kip1 gene expression in vascular smooth muscle cells.METHODS:Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)was used to measure the level of p27kip1 mRNA.The protein levels of p27kip1 and S-phase kinase-associated protein-2(skp2)were determined by Western blotting.20S proteasome activity was quantified by using a fluorogenic proteasome-specific substrate.RESULTS:TSA did not affect mRNA level of p27kip1 in VSMCs,but attenuated serum-induced downregulation of p27kip1 through stabilizing p27kip1 turnover.In addition,TSA decreased the expression of skp2,an F-box protein that targets p27kip1 for degradation,but had no effect on proteasome activity.CONCLUSION:TSA regulates p27kip1 expression at the post-translational level in VSMCs.

Objective To determine the clinical value of real time interventional ultrasound guidance in family planning reproduction operation.Methods Under the guidance of ultrasound monitoring,522 cases with high risk and difficult uterine operation were undertaken in our department.Results The abdominal endoscopic contraceptive uterine operation under real time ultrasound monitoring was carried out for 522 cases in 4 years,with successful rates for high risk pregnancy as 287/289 cases,high risk troublesome withdrawal of contraceptive ring as 129/130 cases and puzzling uterine operation as 103/103 cases.The total successful rate reached 99.42%,without uterine rupture and other complications.Conclusion The former complex,blind and difficult uterine operations turn to be simple,safe and reliable under the guidance of real time ultrasound.

ObjectiveTo report the clinical results of applying free second toe hemiarthrosis to repair finger hemiarthrosis injury,and discussed the countermeasures of relative problems.MethodsFrom June 2005 to January 2010, thirteen fingers of 13 patients with traumatic finger joint injury had repaired by using vascularized second toe hemiarthrosis graft.ResultsAll 13 grafted fingers survived,and all wounds were primary healing.The time of follow-up was between 1.5 and 4.5 years,average of 3.2 years.All grafted joints were healed and the remaining joints were normal in morphology and structure,except for 1 patient subluxation with dorsal slightly convex.No degenerative changes happened to the grafted joints.No pain and no joint instability phenomenon.Nonunion and re-fracture phenomenon did not appear.The average extension of joint motion was 0°.The average flexion was 80°.Healing of the foot donate areas were satisfactory,and did not affect walking function.Using TAM assessment method of the hand joint function,the excellent rate was 90％.ConclusionThe way of using free second toe hemiarthrosis to repair finger hemiarthrosis injury could achieve satisfactory clinical efficacy.To completed set-up of transplanted joint structure and function units,a delicate surgery were improved to be important factors of the surgical treatment.

Objective Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) is a critical and triggering event in the development of distal organ dysfunction,frequently involving the lungs.In this study we investigated the effects of edaravone on the prevention of lung injury induced by intestinal I-R in rats.Methods Eighteen male SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: Sham operation group (group Sham),I-R group (group IR) and edaravone group (group E).After injecting 6 mg of edaravone or the same volume of 0.9% sodium chloride,the anterior mesenteric artery was clamped with a noninvasive microvascular clip for 120 min and then reperfusion for 120 min.Sham-operated animals underwent the same surgical procedures without clamping.Lung tissues were collected for pathology tested by HE dyed,blood as collected for the analysis of TNF-α and IL-6 concentration by ELISA,small lung tissues were collected for the analysis of lung myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and malonialdehyde (MDA) concentration.Results Compared with group Sham,the alveolar epithelial cells in group IR was widespread edema,inflammatory cell infiltration,atectasis,disruption of alveolar,and pulmonary capillary hemorrhage.The pathological changes of lung tissue in group E were significantly improved compared with those in group IR,and that of alveolar inflammatory exudate was decreased.Pathological scoring of group E (2.1±0.7),which was significantly lower than that of group IR (5.7±1.1) and group sham (1.5±0.2) score (P<0.05),so the concentration of TNF-α,IL-6,MPO activity and MDA concentration of group E were less than those of group IR (P<0.01).Conclusion Edaravone ameliorated the lung injury induced by intestinal I-R.

Aim To study the effect of TSA on vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMC)proliferation and apoptosis in vitro.Methods VSMC proliferation was analyzed by MTT assay and BrdU incorporation assay.Cell cycle phase distributions were determined by flow cytometer.The expressions of cyclin D1 and cyclin A were assessed by western blot.Cell apoptosis was quantified by detecting cytoplasmic histone-associated DNA-fragments and the level of cleaved caspase-3.Results TSA at a low concentration was adequate to inhibit serum-induced VSMC proliferation without significant cytotoxity.High concentration of TSA activated caspase-3 and induced VSMC apoptosis.TSA treatment reduced expressions of cyclin D1 and cyclin A,and blocked VSMC entry into S phase.Conclusions TSA inhibits serum-induced VSMC proliferation and G1→S phase progression of cell cycle.Histone deacetylase(HADC)inhibitors may constitute a novel therapy for vascular proliferative diseases.

Platelet-derived growth factors (PDGFs) are a member of family of glycoprotein dimers (Mr 27000～35000) that exert potent mitogenic and chemotactic activities toward cells of mesenchymal origin. The PDGFs possess a myriad of critical roles in embryonic development,cellular differentiation and response to tissue damage. It is one of the growth factors,which appear early during the process of wound healing. Especially,PDGFs can effectively promote the healing of some chronic refractory wounds,such as diabetes mellitus ulcer,chronic venous ulcer,bedsore,radioactivity ulcer,etc..

Objective To study the effect of SKF96365 and NiCl2 on cyclopiazonic acid (CPA) induced intracellular calcium cation concentration ([Ca2+ ]i ) change in rat distal pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMC) .Methods The rat distal PASMC were isolated and cultured .The effects of CPA ,SKF96365 and NiCl2 on [Ca2+ ]i in PASMC were tested by fluorescence microscope and InCyte [Ca2+ ]i measurement system .Results PASMC were incubated with Ca2+‐free Krebs solution containing 5μmol/L nifedipine ,10 μmol/L CPA caused a small transient increase in [Ca2+ ]i ;after restoration of extracellular Ca2+ to 2 .5 mmol/L ,10 μmol/L CPA caused marked increases in [Ca2+ ]i in PASMC incubated with Krebs solution containing 5 μmol/L nife‐dipine .Both 50 μmol/L SKF96365 and 500 μmol/L NiCl2 distinctly attenuated the increases in [Ca2+ ]i caused by 10 μmol/L CPA in PASMC .However ,neither 50 μmol/L SKF96365 nor 500 μmol/L NiCl2 affected the increases in [Ca2+ ]i caused by 60 mmol/L KCl in PASMC .Conclusion CPA induced increases in [Ca2+ ]i may related to Ca2+ release from sarcoplasmic reticulum and the in‐flux of Ca2+ through store‐operated Ca2+ channels (SOCC) in rat distal PASMC .Both SKF96365 and NiCl2 could selectively block SOCC and attenuated the influx of Ca2+ through SOCC in PASMC .