Objective To evaluate the effects of pantoprazole on patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding and its safety, as compared with omeprazole. Methods Ninety patients with non variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding were randomly assigned to two groups. Sixty patients were in the group of pantoprazole, including 24 patients with gastric ulcer, 33 duodenal ulcer and 3 erosive gastritis; 30 patients were in the group of omeprazole, including 9 patients with gastric ulcer, 15 duodenal ulcer and 5 erosive gastritis.Treatment schemes:either pantoprazole or omeprazole 80 mg were added into 250 ml 5% glucose respectively and then infused intravenously. The clinical signs of the patients including the amout of bleeding were observed. Results After the treatment, the symptoms and sings improved significantly in both groups( P 0.05). Both the total effective rate of pantoprazole and omeprazole on upper gastrointestinal bleeding was 96.7%. The rates of side effects were 1.7% in pantoprazole group and 3.4% in omeprazole group. Conclusion Pantoprazole is also an effective and safe drug for the non variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding.

By using antr-ras P21 mouse monoclonal (MoAb), SCI-Oncogema 1, the authors examined immunohistochemica! staining in pancreatc adeocarcinoma. The percentage of positive staining was 24/43 (558%). Furthermore it was indicated that the positive staining rate of antr-ras P21 MoAb was related to either histopathological grade or clinical stage. Upon statistical analysis of the correlation between the staining of anti-ras P21 and patient prognosis with Kaplan-Meier curve and Log-rant test, the positive staining cases showed comparatively better prognosis than the negative ones. Our study suggests that ras P21 expression may be important in the early stage of pancreatic carcinoma.

With the method of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) and Color scale ultrasound, 156 patients with stomach and gallbladder diseases were examined, The features revealed by the EUS and color scale ultrasound for these diseases were compared with the pathological changes. The findings were that:the mean color quantity scale of benign gastric ulcer was higher than that of gastric cancer(p<0.01).The gallbladder stone was two color quantity scales higher than did polypoid lesions of gallbtadder(p<0.01).The color scale ultrasound can improve the clear degree of lesion pictures.The correct rates of diagnosis were no significant differences between color scale ultrasound and grev scale ultrasound.

In order to evaluate the use of transendoscopic miniature ultrasonic probe (TEMP) in the diagnosis of gastric submucosal tumor, 18 patients were investigated. The results obtained by TEMP were compared with those of gastroscopy, and endoscopical ultrasonography (EVS). The result showed that among those 18 patients, gastric submucosal leiomyomas, were common and accounted for 88.9％. Most of them were intramural. The diagnostic accuracy of TEMP for the size of tumor and gastric submucosal tumor was 88.9％ and 100％ respectively. Which were much higher than those of gastroscopy (33.3％ and 61.1％ respectively). The sonogrophic characteristics of gastric submucosal tumors in TEMP imaging were related to the nature of the tumors, hut the common manifestations were that all the tumors were hypoechoic under the hyperechoic mucosal layer with clear bell shaped origin, and usually appeared as round or nearly round intragastric eminence. It is concluded that the selective use of TEMP has great value in the diagnosis of gastric submucosal turmor, especially for those lesions which were small and difficult to be detected by EUS.

70 patients with gastric carcinoma were studied by EUS prior to surgery. The results were correlated with the histology of resected specimens according to the new TNM classification. EUS was accurate in assessing the depth of tumor infiltration, the overall accuracy of EUS was 74.3%. The cancerous ulcer and obstruction are the main causes of over- and understaging, respectively. EUS was relatively accurate in the assessment of lymph node metastasis, the overall accuracy was 57.1%. However, negative-predictive rate is lower, about 42.9%. It is difficult to distinguish between inflammatory and metastatic lymph nodes. EUS was not reliable in diagnosing distant metastasis, due to its limited depth of penetration. In our experience, in staging the gastric carcinoma, greater accuracy would be achieved if we use EUS for T and N factors, and CT for M factor.

4 and the area under the curve of intragastric pH was increased to 7.18?1.06, (93.41?8.43)% and 6.20?10 5?0.90?10 5, respectively ( P

Objective To determine the role of endogenous NO in gastric mucosal tolerant cytoprotection under stress and its possible mechanism. Methods SD rats were exposed to WRS repeatedly during which L NAME, a non selective NOs inhibitor, and L Arg, a substrate for NO synthesis, were administered to inhibit or promote the synthesis of NO, GMBF was measured using LDF 3 flowmeter, NO levels in gastric mucosa were tested by Griess reaction and gastric mucosal lesions were evaluated by ulcer index (UI). Results Gastric tolerant cytoprotection was accompanied by increased GMBF and NO levels in gastric mucosa. Inhibition of endogenous NO synthesis by L NAME worsened mucosal lesions induced by WRS. After repeated WRS, adaptive increase of GMBF was abolished and NO content in gastric mucosa significantly reduced. In contrast, enhancement of endogenous NO synthesis by L Arg attenuated mucosal erosions caused by WRS. GMBF and NO content in mucosa increased. After 4th WRS, mucosal lesions could be negligible. Conclusion By regulating GMBF, endogenous NO might play an important role in the gastric mucosal tolerant cytoprotection under stress. Inhibition of NO synthesis delayed the induction of tolerant cytoprotection, while increase NO synthesis will ptomote the induction of tolerant cytoprotection.

Objective To investigate the influence of endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERC), endoscopic retrograde pancreatography (ERP), endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) and endoscopic biliary stenting on postoperative pancreatitis. Methods 412 patients referred to ERCP were divide into 7 groups, there were both biliary and pancreatic ducts group (ERCP), biliary duct contrast filling group (ERC), pancreatic duct contrast filling group (ERP), ERCP plus biliary stenting group (stent), ERC plus stent, ERCP plus EST and stone extraction (SE) group, and ERC plus EST and SE group. And the differences of postoperative serum amylase in 4 hours and in 24 hours as well as clinical symptoms were compared among different groups. Results The incidence of postoperative hyperamylasaemia in 4 hours and 24 hours were 17.7% and 4.4% respectively. The incidence of postoperative acute pancreatitis was 3.9%, and ERP group had the highest incidence of postoperative acute pancreatitis among the 7 groups. Conclusions Repeated pancreatic duct contrast filling during ERCP manipulation is the main risk factor for postoperative pancreatitis, and therapeutic ERCP such as EST, stent and SE does not increase the incidence of postoperative pancreatitis.

Objective To investigate the impact of angiotension II (Ang II ) on the activation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-?B) signaling transduction pathway in cultured rat pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs). Methods Growth-arrested rat PSCs were incuhated for indicted time intervals with increasing concentrations of Ang II . The DNA binding activity of NF-?B was determined using electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). Western blot analysis was used to examine the degradation of inhibitory proteins of NF-?B (I?Bs). Expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) mRNA and protein were assessed by Northern blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. Results Treatment of cells with Ang II led to a biphasic activation of NF-?B, which peaked at 15 min and 6 h later, and it was correlated with differential degradation of I?B? and I?B?. Ang II -induced NF-?B activation was greatly inhibited by antioxidants pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate ( PDTC), diphenylene iodonium. and N-acetylcysteine, suggesting the involvement of oxidative stress in this process. In PSCs, Ang II induced a dose-dependent increase in the expression of MCP-1 and this effect was markedly inhibited by blocking NF-?B activation with MG132 and PDTC, indicating that Ang II -induced MCP-1 gene expression was NF-?B-dependent. Conclusion The present results suggest that Ang II , through an oxidative stress-dependent mechanism, may activate a functional NF-?B signaling pathway in PSCs, through which it may participate in pancreatic inflammation and fibrosis.

Objective Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori )contains more than 30 genes and many of them in cag pathogenicity island (cag PAI) composed of cag Ⅰ and cag Ⅱ are involved in eliciting the transcription of interleikin 8 (IL 8) and the induction of IL 8 protein secretion in gastric epithelial cells, although some genes are not involved. This study was designed to observe the effect of ORF10 of H. pylori cag Ⅱ on the transcription of IL 8 in gastric epithelial cells and to test the possibility that certain genes in the cag PAI also downregulate (modulate) the transcription and expression of IL 8 in gastric epithelial cells. Methods Three strains of H. pylori mutants with deletion of ORF10 gene (ORF10, namely 28 1, 28 2, 28 3) and L5F11 cells containing IL 8 reporter gene were constructed. The constructed L5F11 cells were co cultured with the above strains and the luciferase activity (IL 8 transcription) was measured in a scintillation counter and the concentration of IL 8 protein was assayed by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results The activities of luciferase induced by 3 strains of H. pylori mutants with deletion of ORF10 gene were much higher than that of the mother strain 26695 [ 28 1:(1.49 ? 0.27)?10 6 cpm vs. (0.67 ? 0.08 )? 10 6 cpm, P