Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate computed tomography urography (CTU) and compared with conventional intravenous urography (IVU) in diagnosis of urological disease. Methods One hundred and sixty-five patients with 111 males and 54 females underwent CTU urography including 78 cases underwent IVU were reviewed in this study. There were 12 cases underwent retrograde pyelography. There were 75 cases of nephrolithiasis and ureterolithiasis, 30 cases of ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO), 30 cases of bladder cancer, 15 cases of pyelogenic cyst and parapelvic cyst, 9 cases of megaloureter and 6 cases of cancer in pelvis and ureter. Results The accuracy of diagnosis was 94.5% (156/165) in CTU group and 46.7% (42/90) in IVU group.The accuracy of diagnosis was 100.0% (75/75)of nephrolithiasis and ureterolith in CTU group and 78. 6%(33/42)in IVU group, 90.0% (27/30) of UPJO in CTU group, 100.0% (30/30) of bladder cancer in CTU group and 75.0%(9/12)in IVU group, 80.0%(12/15)of pyelogenic cyst and parapelvic cyst in CTU group, 100.0% (9/9)of megaloureter in CTU group, 100.0% (6/6)of cancer in pelvis and ureter in CT group. The displayed rate of the distal end of stenosis and obstruction was 79.4%(81/102)in CTU group and 25.0%(15/60)in IVU group. The examination time was (18.9±8.4)min in CTU group and (67.1±26.7)min in IVU group. Conclusion The CTU can provide more information than conventional IVU and can replace the IVU as routine examination in most cases.

Objective To determine the change in expression of detrusor myosin heavy chain isoforms,SM1 and SM2,following bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) in rabbits. Methods Fourteen New Zealand white male rabbits were divided into 2 groups:control group (n=7) and obstruction group (n=7).The bladder necks were partially ligated to form BOO animal model in obstruction group.Then 5 weeks after operation the bladders were resected in both groups, and the weight and volume of the bladders were measured. After the detrusor tissue protein was extracted,SM1,SM2 and their mRNA were tested by western blotting and RT-PCR methods. Results The bladder weights of obstruction and control groups were (13.8?4.4) g and (3.7?0.5) g, respectively (P

Radiotherapy is the main treatment method of early lung cancer not undergoing surgery for medical reasons and advanced non-resectable lung cancer. The local regional control of lung cancer requires high-dose irradiation, but this treatment is restricted by normal tissue tolerance. The measurement and control of errors are crucial for safe implementation of lung cancer precision radiotherapy. Lung tumor radiotherapy error sources, the methods to control these errors, and the error development trend are discussed in this review.

Liquichip is a new type of biochip emerging in the 1990s, which is integrated flow cytometry, laser technology, digital signal processing and traditional chemical technology with the greatest features of high-throughput and high-flexibility. Luminex has promoted new products from Luminex 100/200 to Flexmap 3D. This is an introduction to the development, principle, and application of Luminex liquichip.

Construction of teacher's professional morality is a major issue that matters the development of both teachers themselves and medical colleges,especially under the current circumstances of constructing a harmonious society.This article summarizes the phenomenon of absence in teacher's professional morality in market-oriented economy,elaborates theoretically the necessity of strengthening teacher's professional morality construction in medical colleges,and proposes briefly strategies to strengthen the construction of teacher's professional morality.

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are a type of pluripotent stem cells that can be generated from adult somatic cells.They have similar characteristics and function to embryonic stem cells (ESCs).Over the past decade,iPSCs were widely concerned in regenerative medicine and stem cell field.Especially the patient specific iPSCs have several advantages over ESCs,such as convenient source,do not exist immune rejection and ethical issues,even keep certain individual genotype.At present,tremendous progress have been made about the application of iPSCs in a variety of retinal diseases.Here,this article reviews pluripotent stem cell sources of RPE,photoreceptors and retinal ganglion cells and current transplantation strategies,the safety problems and prospects.

Cleft Lip ; therapy ; Cleft Palate ; therapy ; Humans

Charities ; Cleft Lip ; Cleft Palate ; Humans ; Program Development

To explore the clinical features,diagnosis and treatment of Langerhans cell neoplasms.The data of 6 patients with Langerhans cell neoplasms was analyzed retrospectively.There were Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH,n =5) and Langerhans cell sarcoma ( LCS,n =1 ).Among 5 LCH patients,the involved organs included waist,back,scalp,inguinal lymph nodes,parotid gland and left femur.And the symptoms were fever,splenohepatomegalia and destruction of bone.Three patients received surgery,1 had radiotherapy and 1 was discharged without treatment.The follow-up period was 34 - 138 months.Two patients had no relapse,the contra-lateral parotid gland became involved later in another and several organs were involved in other patients.One patient was lost to follow-up.Left occiput of another LCS was involved and both surgery and radiotherapy were administered.Over a follow-up period of 41 months,there was no relapse.Either surgery or radiotherapy is indicated for this rare disease when a single organ is involved.And chemotherapy is administered for the involvement of multiple organs.The patients should be treated individually.

Objective To establish a method of obtaining the highly purified smooth muscle cells (SMCs) isolated from rabbit bladder and then to identify them after in vitro culture using methods of morphology and immunofluorescence. Methods Primary cell culture of SMCs was set up by enzymic method in total of 6 adult male New Zealand-White rabbits. The serosa and mucosa of bladder were carefully removed by micro-surgical instruments under the naked eyes. The morphology characteristics of cells and their pattern of cell growth were observed using inverted microscope. The cells were identified using methods of H-E staining, transmission electron microscope and immunofluorescence staining of α-actin. The curves of cell growth and proliferation were drawn after cell counting. Results The capability of adherence was observed in these isolated SMCs after in vitro culture for 24 hours, and passage was then conducted after culture for 7 days. The cells kept growing well and fast from the 1~(st) to 10~(th) generation. But starting from the 12~(th) generation, the deformed cells were found and then become those without typical morphological feature of SMCs at the 15~(th) generation, and finally died at the 20~(th) generation. The isolated cells after in vitro culture at 4~(th) passage were identified to be SMCs successfully using the methods of H-E staining, transmission electron microscope and immunofluorescence. Conclusions The highly purified bladder SMCs of rabbit were successfully obtained after isolated by enzymic method and in vitro culture within a short time. That would provide us the basis for future studies of pathophysiology and molecular biology of bladder SMCs.