Biomarkers ; blood ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Prader-Willi Syndrome ; diagnosis ; genetics ; pathology ; therapy

During June 2012 to October 2014, a total of 48 patients with stones in common bile duct diagnosed by ultrasound and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) were randomly divided into two groups (n =24 each).The general group underwent conventional common bile duct exploration by laparoscopy (LCHTD) at left side.For improvement group, the operator timely transfered from left side to right side during laparoscopy.And two auxiliary holes of right side were used for suturing common bile duct.All patients successfully completed common bile duct exploration by laparoscopy.The suturing times of common bile duct were (13.6 ± 2.5) & (7.6 ± 2.7) min (t =11.365, P =0.000), intraoperative bleeding volume (77.52 ± 12.49) & (74.91 ± 13.66) ml (t =2.627,P =0.008), average peak temperature at day 3 post-operation (38.6 ± 0.5) & (37.4 ± 0.5) ℃ (t =9.954, P =0.000) and average postoperative hospitalization length (9.2 ± 3.4) & (7.1 ± 2.1) days (t =8.730, P =0.000).Compared with general group, the suturing time of common bile duct was significantly shorter in improvement group, the average highest temperature at day 3 post-operation were lower and complications (bile leakage, bile duct stricture & biliary tract bleeding) decreased significantly.The main hole conversion during common bile duct exploration by laparoscopy offers the advantages of flexibility, convenience and applicability.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the plasma inflammatory cytokines and carotid atherosclerosis in patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease(ICVD).Methods The levels of plasma interleukin (IL)-6,matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8 and soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L) in 64 patients with ICVD were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA),the severity of bilateral carotid atherosclerosis was measured by colour ultrasound.The results were compared with those of non ICVD controls. The association of the levels of plasma IL-6,MMP-8,sCD40L and the severity of carotid atherosclerosis were analysized. Results The levels of plasma IL-6,MMP-8,and sCD40L in patients with ICVD were significantly higher than those in control group(all P

Objective To explore the effects of low serum-albumin on maternal and neonatal outcomes in severe pre-eclampsia. Methods Two hundred and thirty-three women with severe preeclampsia admitted to our hospital from Jan. 2000 to Mar. 2006 were retrospectively investigated and were divided into two groups according to the serum-albumin level: low serum-albumin group (Group A, n= 133) and normal serum-albumin group (Group B, n=90). Maternal and fetal outcomes were compared between the two groups. Results The proportion of women with abnormal retention of fluid (6.8%, vs 0), elevated liver enzymes (60.9% vs 38.9%) renal involvement (30.1% vs 11.1%) and complications (23.3% vs 11.1%) (placental abruption and postpartum hemorrhage) in group A were significantly higher than those in group B (all P<0. 05). Birth weight in group A was lower than that in group B[(2192. 78±795. 31) g vs (2454. 92±776. 24) g, P<0. 05] and neonatal mortality in group A was higher (26.0%vs 13. 6%, P<0. 05). Conclusions Severe pre-eclampsia with low serum-albumin is associated with severe maternal and neonatal outcomes. Appropriate termination of pregnancy should be considered following adequate and careful assessment of maternal and fetal well-being in order to improve perinatal outcomes.

Objective To investigate the incidence and pregnant outcome on vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC). Methods From January 2005 to December 2015, clinical data of 507 cases with VBAC in West China Second Hospital were studied retrospectively. There were 370 cases of VBAC from January 2013 to December 2015 as study group (VBAC group), in contrast, 740 cases of elective repeat cesarean section (ERCS group) and 740 primiparas of vaginal delivery without history of cesarean section as control groups, the pregnancy outcome were analyzed between the study group and control groups respectively. Results (1) There were 76 547 total births from January 2005 to December 2015. Among these, 10 178 (13.296%, 10 178/76 547) patients had a single prior low transverse cesarean section, of which 4.981%(507/10 178) had VBAC. The incidence of VBAC was rising from 1.020%-3.704%during 2005-2012 to 6.028%-7.662% during 2013-2015. The rate of scared uterus during 2013-2015 was 18.269% (5 539/30 319), of which 9.26%(513/5 539) chose trial of labor after cesarean section (TOLAC). Successful VBAC occurred in 72.12%(370/513) of patients with TOLAC, and 27.88%(143/513) delivered by emergency cesarean. (2) The following parameters of the successful group and the unsuccessful VBAC group were compared, maternal age (29±4) versus (34±4) years, body mass index at prenatal visit (22.2±1.4) versus (22.6±1.4) kg/m2, gestational age (38.7±0.9) versus (39.6±1.3) weeks, birth weight (3 326±317) versus (3 404±285) g, and the rate of induction of labor 0 (0/370) and 6.29%(9/143), there were significant differences (all P<0.01). There was no statistical difference between two group for lower uterine segment (P=0.947). (3) The duration of labor of VBAC group and 740 primiparas of vaginal delivery without history of cesarean section was compared, (10.3± 1.8) versus (11.5 ± 2.0) hours, there was significant difference (P<0.01). There were no statistical difference between two groups for the following parameters, including postpartum hemorrhage, hospitalization duration, the ratio of 5-minute Apgar score≥8, neonatal admission rate (all P>0.05). (4) The postpartum hemorrhage and hospitalization duration in VBAC group incidence were respectively (194±34) ml and (2.32±0.49) days, and the indexes of the ERCS group were respectively (419 ± 57) ml and (4.14 ± 0.78) days, there were significant differences (all P<0.01). There were no statistical difference between two groups for the ratio of 5-minute Apgar score≥8 and neonatal admission rate (all P>0.05). Conclusions The majority of patients choose ERCS rather than TOLAC. It′s important to assess the indications and contraindications of patients for the successful VBAC, and to monitor maternal and fetal conditions during the delivery process. The premise of TOLAC is a comprehensive understanding of closely monitoring the progress of delivery. Compared with the ERCS, VBAC could reduce patients′ postpartum hemorrhage and hospitalization duration, improve the outcomes of pregnancy, and the cesarean section rate could be reduced.

Objective To observe apoptosis and proliferation of intestinal epithelial cells and to explore the mechanism of protective effects of rhubarb monomers on intestinal epithelial cells in septic rats.Methods Eighty male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (230-250 g) under anesthesia and sedation were subjected to cecal ligation and perforation (CLP).After surgical preparation,rats were randomly (ramdom number) divided into 8 groups (n =10 each):a sham group (A) [normal saline (NS) gavage];a sepsis group (B) (NS gavage);group C (ip dexamethasone 0.5 mg/kg immediately after CLP) (C);and rhubarb monomer 100 mg/kg in NS treated groups including:rhein group (D),emodin group (E),3,8-dihydroxy-1-methyl-anthraquinone-2-carboxylic acid group (F),1-O-caffeoyl-2-(4-hydroxy-O-cinnamoyl)-D-glucose group (G),and 3,8-dihydroxy-1-methyl-anthraquione group (H).Animals were sacrificed 24 hrs after treatment.Intestinal histopathology,apoptosis (TUNEL) and proliferation of intestinal epithelial cells (proliferating cell nuclear antigen,PCNA) were measured.Multiple comparisons were carried out with one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).Results Histopathology revealed injury to the intestinal mucosal villi induced by sepsis in group B compared with group A.The injury was significantly ameliorated in groups C,D,E,F,G,and H compared with group B.The apoptosis index in group B was significantly higher than that in group A (P ＜ 0.05) and the apoptosis index in groups C,D,E,F,G,and H was significantly lower than that in group B (P ＜ 0.05).The PCNA positive index in group B was significantly lower than that in group A (P ＜ 0.05),but was significantly higher in groups C,D,E,F,G,and H than that in group B (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Rhubarb monomers can promote the proliferation of mucosal cells and prevent apoptosis of intestinal mucosal cells.In addition,rhubarb monomers may play a role in protecting the intestinal barrier function.

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics and pregnancy outcomes of twin pregnancies complicated with severe preeclampsia.Methods The pregnant outcomes of 131 twin pregnancies (twin group) and 572 singleton pregnancies (singleton group),all complicated with severe preeclampsia,were analyzed retrospectively.All patients were treated in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,West China Second University Hospital,Sichuan University from June 2007 to June 2011.The patients' age,onset of disease,gestational weeks at delivery,mean duration of expectant treatment,blood pressure,laboratory parameters and incidence of pregnancy complications,including placental abruption,heart failure,pulmonary edema,postpartum hemorrhage,uteroplacental apoplexy,eclampsia,HELLP syndrome (hemolysis,elevated liver enzymes and low platelets syndrome),hypoproteinemia,retinopathy,intracranial hemorrhage and renal insufficiency,were compared between the two groups.Perinatal outcomes such as premature delivery,perinatal mortality,neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) hospitalization,fetal distress,hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE),asphyxia neonatorum,neonatal pneumonia,hyperbilirubinemia and neonatal hypoglycemia of two groups were also compared.Chi-square test,Fisher's exact test or t-test were used for statistical analysis.Results The severe preeclampsia incidence of twin pregnancies (5.03％,131/2604) was higher than that (1.94％,572/29 452) of singleton pregnancy (x2=106.40,P＜0.001).The onset time [(33.6±1.8) weeks] and gestations at delivery [(34.6±2.9) weeks] in twin group were earlier than those in singleton group [(34.4± 2.0) weeks,t=2.364,P＜0.05; (35.6±3.2) weeks,t=3.902,P＜0.05].The duration of expectant treatment of twin group [(6.4±0.3) d] were shorter than that of singleton group [(7.4± 0.5) d,t=5.314,P＜0.01].The incidence of placental abruption [9.9％ (13/131) vs 4.2％ (24/572),x2=7.013,P＜0.01],heart failure [11.5％ (15/131) vs 3.2％ (18/572),x2=16.430,P＜0.01],pulmonary edema [4.6％ (6/131) vs 0.9％ (5/572),x2=9.505,P＜0.01],postpartum hemorrhage [16.0％ (21/131) vs 7.0％ (40/572),x2 =10.990,P ＜ 0.01] and uteroplacental apoplexy [5.3％ (7/131) vs 0.5％ (3/572),x2 =17.650,P＜0.01] of twin group were higher than those of singleton group,respectively.The incidence of premature delivery [77.1％ (202/262) vs 29.9％ (171/572),x2=162.000,P＜0.05],NICU hospitalization [76.2％ (205/262) vs 58.4％(332/572),x2 =31.980,P＜0.05] and HIE [8.4％ (22/262) vs 4.7％ (27/572),x2 =4.392,P＜0.05] of twin group were higher than those of singleton group,respectively.Conclusions Twin pregnancy women are more likely to be complicated with severe preeclampsia and more vulnerable to suffer from severe complications,resulting in poor perinatal outcomes.More attentions should be paid on the management of twin pregnancy.Once hypertensive disorders complicating pregnancy is diagnosed,active management should be provided and timing of termination should be considered.

Objective To evaluate the security of big animals with a new bioartificial liver system .Methods Six Tibet pigs re-spectively received treatment of hybrid artificial liver and simple bioartificial liver ,observed and recorded the vital signs ,venous pressure ,transmembrane pressure and slurry pot pressure each hour ,and collected blood to make endotoxin and bacterial culture test in the zero hour ,fourth and eighth hour .Results Compared with the zero hour ,venous pressure ,transmembrane pressure ,slur-ry pot pressure were much higher in the fifth hour (P< 0 .05) ,and there were no significant difference in the rest of other time points(P>0 .05) .The mean arterial pressure and respiratory rate in all time point showed no significant changes (P>0 .05) .Com-pared with the zero hour ,the heart rate was much lower in the second hour (P<0 .01) .The values of blood endotoxin were less than 0 .5 EU/mL in the zero hour ,fourth and eighth hour from beginning ,and the bacterial culture test showed no growth of bacteria . Conclusion The experiment of big animals with a new bioartificial liver system was safe ,the efficacy in the treatment of hepatic failure could be assessed further .

Objective To estimate the safety,feasibility and generalization of three point single-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy (SILC).Methods The clinical data of 1 126 patients who underwent three-point SILC at the second department of Hepatobiliary Surgery of Zhu Jiang Hospital,Southern Medical University From January 1,2011 to December 30,2015 was analyzed retrospectively.The patient who were indicated for conventional laparoscopic cholecystectomy were included,but those suspected malignant diseases of gallbladder were excluded.Results Of the 1126 patients,the surgery was performed successfully in 923 patients,and 192 patients need extra ports due to the adhesion and difficulty of exposing the Calots triangle,and 11 were converted to open surgery due to severe adhesion,with the success rate being 81.9％.The operating time was (29.5 ± 12.2) min (from the entrance of laparoscope to the removing of gallbladder),the blood loss was (8.7 ± 7) ml,and the hospital stay time was (1.4 ± 0.7) d (after surgery).There were three cases of bile duct injury:two of them were bile leak of aberrant duct,one of them was bile leak of cystic duct damaged by heat.And there was one case of injury of duodenum,22 cases of umbilicus hematoma,13 cases of hematoma of thorax,and 2 cases of thoracic hemorrhage who required surgery.There were no hernia,aerothorax and so on.Conclusion Three point SILC is a technology that is safe,maneuverable and suitable for being carried out in clinical practice.

Objective To evaluate the novel hybrid liver and renal support system the safety and efficacy of the treatment of Tibet mini pig model of renal failure .Methods Five Tibet miniature pig bilateral renal artery ligation approached to construct the models of renal failure ,treatment group was treated with therapy (CRRT mode) of the novel hybrid liver and renal support system after modeling ,while the control group received no treatment .Drawning venous blood endotoxin ,biochemical tests and aerobic anae‐robic culture when in the treatment of 0 ,4 ,8 h;then we observed the changes of biochemical indicators in Tibet mini pigs before and after treatment ;we recorded machine pressure monitoring indicators every 2 hour during treatment .Results The model of renal failure of two experimental animals were successfully constructed .The general condition of treatment group was improved after treated by the novel hybrid liver and renal support system ,while the control groups continued to deteriorate .The experimental ani‐mals did not appear abnormal ECG during the experiment .Two groups of animals showed no statistics significant difference (P>0 .05) in the period of 0 h .In the remaining period ,heart rate and respiratory rate in treatment group was significantly reduced(P<0 .05) ,while oxygen saturation and mean arterial pressure were significantly increased compared to control group(P<0 .05) .There was no differences of biochemical indicators between two groups before modeling (P>0 .05);after modeling both groups biochemi‐cal indicators was significantly increased compared with baseline (P<0 .05);after treatment of the hybrid liver and renal support systems in the treatment group ,the biochemical parameters were significantly decreased compared with baseline ,the difference was statistically significant different(P<0 .05) ,while the control group did not change significantly .Blood endotoxin measured results were less than 0 .5 EU/mL ,arteriovenous end aerobic anaerobic culture showed no bacterial growth .Pathological examination showed significant swelling of the renal tubular epithelium and tubular necrosis .Conclusion The novel hybrid liver and renal sup‐port system for the treatment of Tibet mini‐pig model of renal failure is safe and effective ,and it can be further attempts for clinical trials .