Objective Focal nodular hyperplasia(FNH) is composed of multiple hyperplastic liver cell nodules,but its pathogenesis has not been elucidated. Foci (FAH) or nodules of altered hepatocytes (NAH) are precursors of hepatocellular adenoma (HCA) and carcinoma.This study aimed at identifying FAH and NAH from FNH and evaluating their role in FNH development.Methods 6 FNH lesions from 5 patients and 10 HCA from 9 patients were examined histologically,and expression levels of CD_(34) cytokeratin 19(CKl9) and Ki-67 antigen were demonstrated immunohistochemicailly.Proliferative activity was evaluated by Ki-67 antigen-labeling indices(Ki-67 LI).Results Multiple FAH and NAH were identified in all of the 6 FNH lesions. Whiie micmvasculatures were demonstrated by CD_(34) immunoreactivity in both HCA and FNH,their density and distribution were different in these two lesions,being diffuse in HCA and focal or nodular,mainly within NAH.CKl9 expression Was found in FNH,localized in ductal and ductular cells,but not within NAH and HCA.Average Ki.67 LI of 73 NAH(2.8%) was shown to be higher than that of the whole FNH lesions (0.6%),and had no statistieal difference comparable to that of HCA(1.8%).Conclusion Muhiple NAH are present in all classical FNH lesions.Unlike the surrounding parenchyma,NAH lesions are more proliferative and equipped with CD_(34)-positive microvasculatures as in HCA.

BACKGROUND: The lipid peroxide, monoamine oxidase, and superoxide dismutase are the important biochemical pharmacological indexes to test the ability of eliminating the free radicals of organism. The lipid peroxide is also a quantitative index of senility oxidation.OBJECTIVE: To test the effect of taibai yangshen on resisting free radicals through testing the serum lipid peroxide, monoamine oxidase (MAO),and superoxide dismutase (SOD) of the senile rats.DESIGN: A random control experiment.SETTING: Pharmacy Department of Shaanxi College of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM).MATERIALS: The experiment was done in March 2002 in the pharmacological Experimental Base of Shaanxi College of TCM. The 40 healthy young rats and 40 old rats were selected. The water extract of ground taibai yangshen was concentrated to 1.5 g/mL. The ginseng decoction was concentrated to 0.3 g/mL.METHODS: The young and old rats were randomized into 8 groups:young normal control group, young ginseng group, young taibai yangshen big dosage group, young taibai yangshen small dosage group, old normal control group, old ginseng group, old taibai yangshen big dosage group, and old taibai yangshen small dosage group. Ten rats were in each group. Seven days for adaptation to the environment. Then the normal control group was gastro-perfused daily with the distilled water 20 g/kg, the ginseng the taibai yangshen big and small dosage groups were gastro-perfused daily spectively. Thirty-five days later, the rats were cut heads in the state of anesthesia. The serum was centrifuged. The sulfuration barbituric acid was adopted to test the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA), the ultraviolet absorption was adopted to test the activity of MAO, and the xanthine oxidase was adopted to test the activity of SOD.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The concentration of MDA and the activity of MAO and SOD.groups and the taibai yangshen big and small dosage groups, the concentration of MDA and the activity of MAO were lower than that of the normal control groups (P ＜ 0.05-0.01), the activity of SOD was higher than yangshen small dosage group, the concentration of MDA and the activity of MAO were higher than that of the young taibai yangshen small dosage group [(8.23±1.73), (6.73±1.69) μmol/L; (41.7±15.9), (40.9±14.6) nkat/L,P ＜ 0.05]. In the old taibai yangshen big and small dosage groups, the activity of SOD was lower than that of the young taibai yangshen big and small dosage groups [(386.75±26.71), (403.49±21.58) NU/mL; (382.13±20.07),(389.69±24.45) NU/mL, P ＜ 0.05].CONCLUSION: Taibai yangshen functions well to inhibit the MAO, reduce the lipid peroxide, and enhance the activity of SOD, able to resist the free radicals to put off aging.

In order to identify virulence factors of the pathogen, the outer membrane proteins of virulent and avirulent strains of Riemerella anatipestifer were compared by a proteome analysis. Three protein spots differentially expressed between the two strains were observed by 2-DE gels, and were further analyzed using in gel tryptic digestion and peptide mass fingerprinting. Three proteins were identified. W1 was Hsp20, W2 and W3 were transposon. Although the exact role of these proteins has not been characterized, the exclusive expression in virulent strain may indicate that they play an important role in the pathogenesis of Riemerella anatipestifer infection. Although only two virulence factors identified, it opens a path to the further analysis of virulence factors of Riemerella anatipestifer.

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the clinical efficacy of adenoidectomy and tonsillectomy for the OSAHS children with sinusitis. METHOD: Reviewing 112 cases of children with OSAHS, in which the 80 patients without chronic sinusitis, 32 ones with chronic sinusitis. Among them, 103 cases of children with adenoidectomy, tonsil resection, 9 cases adenoidectomy only. We did questionnaire survey before and after surgeryand also did post-surgery clinical follow-up. RESULT: The effective rate was 90.0% for the OSAHS children without sinusitis after adenoid and tonsil ectomy surgery, while the effective rate was 46.9% for the ones with sinusitis, the efficiency was significant different in the two groups after surgery; the 16.1% children after tonsil ectomy surgery complained the incidence of pharyngeal foreign body sensation and pharyngeal lymphoid hyperplasia in children was 23.2%. CONCLUSION The efficiency was aviable for the OSAHS children without sinusitis after surgery; The efficiency was not aviable enough for the OSAHS children with sinusitis after surgery, so the latter one need adjuvant drug treatment; We also should be attention to the pharyngeal foreign body sensation and the lymphoid hyperplasia in children after tonsillectomy.
Adenoidectomy ; Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Sinusitis ; complications ; therapy ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; complications ; surgery ; Tonsillectomy ; Treatment Outcome

An isolated virulence Riemerella anatipestifer strain passaged 200 times on TSB agar were used for the virulent to avirulent conversion. The effects of passage on biological properties of outer membrane proteins (OMPs) were investigated using the virulent and avirulent strains. Transmission electron microscopy demonstrated that the avirulent strain produced lower amounts of outer membrane vesicles and the outer membrane decreased, the cytoplasmic appearance jumbled. The OMPs of the virulent strain agglutinated only in RA serotype 2 antisera, whereas the OMPs of the avirulent strain agglutinated in antisera of RA 1, 2, 10 and 11. SDS-PAGE Analysis showed the OMPs profiles of both strains were similar but the immunoblotting profiles were different. The protective immunity against Riemerella anatipestifer infection was investigated by immunizations with OMPs in ducks. ELISA results showed that the OMPs induced the production of antibodies in immunized ducks, but the OMPs of virulence strain induced higher antibody titers than the attenuated strain (P < 0.05). RA2 group showed significantly higher survival rates (100%) than RA200 group (0%) after challenged with the homologous virulent strain. The ompA gene of both stains were also amplified by PCR, nucleotide homology was 99.9%. In conclusion, OMPs of virulent RA strain are suitable candidates for vaccine development. Biological properties of OMPs undergoes significant changes during serial passage and suggest that vigilance should be used when extrapolating data obtained from the study of high-passage strains.
Animals ; Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins ; chemistry ; genetics ; immunology ; Ducks ; Flavobacteriaceae ; chemistry ; classification ; immunology ; Flavobacteriaceae Infections ; immunology ; microbiology ; veterinary ; Serotyping