ObjectivesTo improve the efficacy of postoperative choledochofiberscopy for residual hepatolithiasis.MethodFrom 1982 to 2001,2?856 cases with residual hepatolithiasis were treated by postoperative choledochofiberscopy through the T tube fistula in our department.ResultsThe success rate was 93 0% and failure rate was 7 0% by using choledochofiberscope.ConclusionsThe postoperative choledochofiberscopy is the mainstay for the treatment of postoperative residual gallstones with a very high success rate and low complications.

Objective To study the effects of High frequency two -way jet ventilation on the function respiratory and circulation of patients with Trachea and Carinal reconstruction.Methods Fifty patients with lung cancer,who were scheduled for elective trachea and carinal reconstruction,were intubated with double lumen tube following anesthesia induction and general anesthesia.High frequency ventilation was used on the healthful main bronchus during carinal reconstruction,a Hunsaker tube was inserted 3cm into the healthful main bronchus.HFTJV was applied with the respiratory rate of 120 /min,the ratio of inspiration and expiration E =1:1 and drive pressure of 0.2 -0.25Mpa.Blood gas analysis was made before the anesthesia,15 min following one -lung ventilation,10,20, 30 min following HFTJV and 15min following one -lung ventilation,respectively and monitor MAP,HR,SpO2 , PetCO2 .Results PaO2 in high frequency ventilation increased significantly compared with preoperative (78.0 ± 10.5)mmHg,was respectively (161.4 ±10.2)mmHg,(156.0 ±15.7)mmHg,(153.0 ±15.1)mmHg (P <0.01);PaO2 in high frequency ventilation 30min was (153.0 ±15.1)mmHg (P <0.05).It was lower than single lung venti-lation (front 165.50 ±11.3mmHg)and higher than 100mmHg equally;PaCO2 in the high frequency ventilation was slightly increased compared with OLV 30min (front),and the difference was not statistically significant (P >0.05). Conclusion HFTJV is safe and reliable for Trachea and carinal reconstruction.

In TCM,sui is divided into brain,spinal cord and bone marrow,etc.They are related to each other closely,stem from the kidney essence and are all connected with sea of sui,which is called fan-sui relation.Recent researches demonstrated that not only brain but also other sui can vary before or after brain damage,which may be a predictor of brain disease,or played an important role in the recovery of brain function.These achievements proved the possibility of fan-sui relation.Further research on the biological mechanism and application of fan-sui relation could:reveal the essence of 'kidney storing essence and generating sui'in TCM better and develop the new idea of the pathological mechanism of brain diseases;enhance preventive consciousness and construct the new preventive system of brain diseases characterized by TCM;help finding new methods or appropriately combine current methods to treat brain diseases.The new viewpoint can provide a chance to develop a new research field of brain diseases and improve the preventive and treatment system of brain diseases.

Objective To research the nutritive condition and establish prediction model of chlorophyll-a(Chla) in a surface water source of Zhengzhou, China. Methods The water temperature(WT), Secchi-depth(SD), chemical oxygen demand(CODMn), total nitrogen(TN), total phosphorus(TP), Chla were determined in two sampling sites of the water source by standardized methods from Mar, 2004 to Oct, 2004. Nutritive condition of the water source was analyzed by trophic level index(?)[TLI(?)]. The influence of some environmental factors on Chla was analyzed by correlation analysis and stepwise multiple regression. Chla was predicted by establishing a stepwise multiple regression equation. Results In the spring, summer and autumn, nutritive condition of the water source was from the maximum of mesotropher, the maximum of light eutropher to the minimum of middle eutropher. A positive correlations were found between the standardized Chla and WT, CODMn, TP. A negative correlation was found between the standardized Chla and SD. The equation was ln(CChla+1)=-0.114+0.083 48 WT+6.874 TP+0.193 CODMn(R2=0.900, F=62.674, P

Objective:To investigate the role of apoptosis-associated speck-like protein(ASC) in non-apoptotic,non-necrotic cell death of neutrophils induced by ONO-AE-248.Methods:The morphological changes of neutrophil nuclei and DNA fragmentation of the cells were examined by confocal microscopy and terminal-deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated nick end labeling(TUNEL).Neutrophils were stimulated with medium alone,LPS,TNF-? or ONO-AE248 respectively.Then expression of ASC was detected by Western blot.Results:ONO-AE-248-induced neutrophil death was negative in TUNEL assay.Western blot showed that the expression of ASC protein was down-regulated by ONO-AE-248.Conclusion:The DNA degradation of the neutrophils when stimulated by ONO-AE-248 is probably different from that of the typical apoptosis.ASC might be a crosslink point between the ONO-AE-248-induced neutrophil death and spontaneous apoptosis of neutrophils.

upper and they were all higher compared with the control (P

Objective To compare the effects of different dose aprotinin on cardiopulmonary bypass induced inflammation and myocardial injury Methods Eighteen adult patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) were divided into three groups (n=6): control,low dose aprotinin and full dose aprotinin Plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor ?(TNF?), interleukin 6(IL 6), interleukin 10(IL 10), intercellular adhesion molecule 1(ICAM 1), troponin T(TnT) and neutrophil integrin cluster of differentiation 11b(CD11b) were measured at following points: before CPB(T1);1 h of CPB (T2) ;30 min after weaning from CPB (T3); 4 h after weaning from CPB (T4) ; and 24 h after weaning from CPB(T5) Results TNF?: the values in two aprotinin using groups were lower than the control levels at T2, T3 and T4 , furthermore, in full dose group was lower than in low dose group at T4 , and lower than two other groups at T5 (P

Objective To determine the plasma concentrations and pharmacodynamics of fentanyl and nerphine used in postoperative epidural or intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (PCEA,PCIA) .Methods Sixty ASA Ⅰ - Ⅱ patients (36 male, 24 female), aged 18-25 yr undergoing elective major operation were randomly divided into 3 groups : group Ⅰ received PCEA with 0.13 % bupivacaine + fentanyl 2?g?ml-1 (n = 20) ; groupⅡ received PCEA with 0.13 % bupivacaine + morphine 0.08 mg? ml-1 ( n = 20); group Ⅲ received PCIA with morphine 0.5 mg ? ml-1 ( n = 20). In group Ⅰ and Ⅱ the background infusion rate was 4 ml ? h-1 , PCA bolus dose 2 ml and lock-out interval 20 min, while in group Ⅲ the back ground infusion rate was 1 ml?h-1 , PCA bolus dose 2 ml and lock-out interval 6 min. PCA was maintained for 48 h in all three groups. The vital signs, analgesic effect (VAS, VRS) and side-effects were recorded and venous blood samples were taken for determination of plasma fentanyl and morphine concentrations at 4 h, 24 h and 48 h after PCA was commenced. Results The demographic data were comparable among the three groups. There was no significant difference in MAP, HR and RR during PCA among the three groups. The analgesia was satisfactory in all three groups and no other analgesic was used during PCA. The rate of excellent analgesia ranged between 80%-85 % . The incidences of side-effects were higher in group Ⅱ and Ⅲ as compared with those in group Ⅰ . The volume of epidural PCA solution administered in 48 h was significantly larger in group Ⅰ than that in group Ⅱ( P

Objectives: The research is designed to study the accuracy and characteristics of diagnostic methods for estimating the expansive type of gastric cancer in normal clinical practice, and to evaluate the clinical significance of this estimation. Methods: Preoperative Borrmann classifications of gastric cancer were diagnosed by endoscopies, barium studies and computed tomographies. The results were compared with Borrmann classifications from surgical specimens. Results:The diagnostic accuracy of endoscopy in small gastric cancers was better than that in large gastric cancers. The diagnostic accuracy of CT for type Ⅰ and Ⅳ, which have more obvious gross characteristics, was better, and for type Ⅱ and type Ⅲ, which need to be differentiated by local characteristics such as morphologic appearances of ulcers, was worse. The barium study estimated the expansive type of gastric cancer according to borders of tumors, characteristics of ulcers and whole figure, However, it was difficult to observe detailed changes. Conclusions: To improve the veracity of preoperative diagnosis for the expansive type of gastric cancer requires integrative use of endoscopies, barium studies and computed tomographies. The diagnosis of biological characteristics of gastric cancer reflects its quality, and the diagnosis of aggressive degree reflects its quantity. Only with the diagnosis of these two aspects, can we estimate the clinical pathological process of the gastric cancer completely and comprehensively, so as to select the most reasonable and desirable treatment.

Objective This research attempted at prevention of steam contamination and protection of medical staff in periodontal scaling. Methods Thirty sample patients without oral cavity or upper res-piratory tract infection, chronic disease, infectious disease or other contraindication were randomly classified into the experimental group and the control group.The former gargled with chlorhexidine in the process of periodontal scaling while the latter rinsing only. Oral cavity bacteria of both groups were sampled before and after operation;air samples were got at five periods of time(before operation, 10 minutes in operation, 20 minutes in operation, 30 minutes in operation, and end of operation) and germicnltured.The entire data were analyzed.Results Air samphng in periodental scaling and oral sample germiculture after the scaling in the experimental group were lower than those of the control group, P<0.01. Conclusions With effective disinfection and sta-ble characteristics, chlorbexidine can be popularly utilized in skin mucous membrane disinfection. Gargling with chlorhexidine in periodontal scaling eliminates bacteria and microorganism in oral cavity and resulting steam,thus reducing environmental pollution and protecting the health of medical staff.