Maidong"(Radix Ophiopogonis), is a traditional Chinese drug. Chinese Pharmacopoeia (1990) recorded that the botanical origin of "Maidong" is Ophlopogon iaponicus(L.f.) kerGawl. (Liliaceae). A recent survey of drug resources in Zhejiang, Sichuan, Hubei, Hunan,Yunnan, Guizhou, jiangsu, Anhui and Fujian Provinces showed that Plants under the general name "Maidong" involve 26 species and varieties from Gen. Ophiopogon to Gen. Liriope.Among these, 16 species and varieties are used as "Maidong"in commerce, the most popular being O.japonicus, L.spicata var. Prolifera and L.muscari. The steroid saponins and homeisoflavonoids contained in the tuberous roots of 16 species and varieties mentioned above awere compared on the basis of HPTLC with 45 steroid saponins and 5 homeisoflavonoids as uthentic samples. The results showed that the plants belonging to Gen. Ophiopogon contain either steroid saponins composed of ruscogenin or diosgenin, or homeisoflavonoids; the plants belonging to Gen. Liriope contain only steroid saponins composed of 25(S)-ruscog-enin or yamogenin. It is easy to identify the varied species and varieties on TLC. The polysaccharide in the tuberous roots of the 16 species and vartieis was determined by visible spectrophotometry. Results indicated that the polysaccharide content in varied species is very different, and is also dependent on locations, cultivated years and the grade of crude drug.

A survey of the resources of Dendrobium Sw. and identification of commercially available samples showed that 22 speices of Dendrobium Sw., 1 species of Ephermerantha Hunt et Summerh. and 1 species of Pholidota Lindl. were processed as Chinese drug "Shihu" in Xishuangbanna, Yunnan. But the commercial drug came mainly from D. crystallinum Rchb.f., D. fimbriatum Hook., D. moschatum (Buch.-Ham. ) Sw. and D. chrysotoxum Lindl..

A survey on drug resources and identification or the commercial drugs showed that Heshouwu was derived from Polygonum multiflorum and the roots of another two species of the same family were misused as Heshouwu. The roots of 6 species of Cynanchum genus, Asclepiadaceae were used as Baishouwu in different regions. The index of botanical identification was listed. Botanical origins, distribution, production and sale of "Shouwu" were investigated.

[Summary] In the treatment of very-early stage hepatocellular carcinoma ( HCC) , several therapies have their own strengths . Liver transplantation, surgical resection, and percutaneous ablation are the most effective procedures for very-early stage HCC.Liver transplantation is difficult to carry out due to lack of donors .Surgical resection and percutaneous ablation are the most commonly used methods with ideal effects .Compared with surgical resection , percutaneous ablation has its obvious advantages in patients with small HCC and senile patients , but the recurrence rate is relatively high .When the above mentioned three methods are not feasible , transarterial chemoembolization is a remedial treatment .Combined use of local therapy is superior to topical therapy alone and suitable for patients with unresectable lesions .Theobserving therapystill needs more clinical studies to confirm its safety and effectiveness .

Shasheng is a common Chinese drug used as antitussive and expectorant. A survey showed that the original plants of Shasheng on the current market consist of more than 30 species. To appraise the qualities of Saasheng scientifically, the antitussive .and expectorant activities of ten species of Shasheng were compared. Rosults showed that the EtOH extracts of the roots of Glehnta littoralis, Adenophora stricta subsp. henanica, A. potaninii and A .liliifolioides are very effective as autitussive,while those of A .liliijoliolioides,A.stricta subsp. sessilifolia and A. potaninii are very effective as expectorant.

An HPLC method for the quantitative analysis of bis (5-formyl-furfuryl ) -ether an d 2, 4-dihydroxy-6- methoxy-3-methyl- acetophenone in Chinese drug,Langduc (Euphorbia ebracteolata)was developed. The solvent system used was methanol-water-10% acid (45 : 55 : 2 ) (adjusted to pH 5.4 by 10% ammonia ) on ODS columm at 289nm.Tetrahydro palmatine was used as an internal standard. The operation can be completed in 30min.This method is sensitive,simple and accurate with good reproducibility.It can be applied to the quality control of the crude drug of E. ebracteolata.

Purpose: Introduce the way of the treatment of deep veinous thrombosis of leg. Meerials and Methods: 26 patients (27 legs) refred for phlebothrombosis of leg, were prove by lower limb Phlebography or ECT. 100～200 thousand unit UK was infused through dorsal veins of sick leg, once or twice per day with 7 days a coure of treatment. Results: 17of 27 legs with phlebothromb0sis, were cured the successful rate 63%, 8 were improved, 30%; 2 were noneffective, 7%. No bleeding occurred 1 case of pulmonary segment embolism. Conclusion The way of the treatment of lower limb deep vein thrombosis by infusion of UK from dorsal veins of sick foot is safe and reliable.

Objective To identify the types,frequency and risk factors of major complications using microwave ablation (MWA) to treat liver malignancies in a single center.Methods Using the electronic medical record system,patients with liver cancer who were treated with MWA from January 2010 to November 2015 were retrospectively studied,and the risk factors of severe complications were analyzed.Results Of the 7 403 patients who were treated with MWA (12 558 ablations).96 cases experienced severe complications (1.3％) and 5 patients died (0.07％).The complications included liver abscess (n ＝ 34,0.46％),pleural effusion (n ＝ 20,0.27％),bile duct injury (n ＝ 15,0.20％),hemorrhage (n ＝ 6,0.08％),liver failure (n ＝ 6,0.08％),extrahepa-tic organ injuries (n ＝ 5,0.07％),cancerous cells implantation of abdominal walls (n ＝ 2),cardiac arrest (n ＝ 1),vascular thrombosis (n ＝ 1),renal insufficiency (n ＝ 1),and patients with other associated diseases which developed after the MWA therapy (n ＝2).Metastatic liver cancer and earlier treatment of MWA sessions were associated with a higher major complication rate (P ＜ 0.05).Conclnsions MWA is a well-tolerated local treatment for liver cancer,with an acceptably low incidence of severe complications.Liver abscess was the most common postoperative severe complication.The surgeons＇ experience and tumor type were associated with the incidence of severe complications,however,not relavant with the frequency of preoperative ablations.Appropriate measures can be taken to effectively reduce the risk of serious complications.

Objective To evaluate the safety and feasibility of retroperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy for different diameter adrenal tumor.Methods The clinical dam of 61 patients who underwent retroperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy from January 2009 to June 2013 were retrospectively analyzed,the patients were divided into A group (the diameter of adrenal tumor ＞ 6 cm,24 cases) and B group (the diameter of adrenal tumor 3-6 cm,37 cases) according to the diameter of adrenal tumor.The therapeutic effect was compared between 2 groups.Results All procedures were performed successfully.There were statistical differences in operative time and estimated blood loss between A group and B group [(138 ± 66) min vs.(106 ± 45) min and (324 ± 168) ml vs.(165 ± 50) ml] (P ＜ 0.05).There were no statistical differences in the rate of complication and blood transfusion between 2 groups (P ＞ 0.05).There was no statistical difference in hospital stay after operation between 2 groups [(6.7 ± 1.2) d vs.(5.4 ± 0.6)d] (P ＞ 0.05).A group was followed up for (22 ± 10) months,during which time no local recurrence was noted in 19 cases by B-mode ultrasonography,3 cases were missed,and 2 cases were alive with hydronephrosis or pancreatic cyst.B group was followed up for (24 ± 11) months,during which time no local recurrence was noted in 32 cases by B-mode ultrasonography,4 cases were missed,and 1 case was found with renal dysfunction.The pathology of most tumors in A group included medullary lipoma,pheochromocytoma and ganglioneuroma,in B group included adenoma,pheochromocytoma and medullary lipoma.Conclusion Minimally invasive and safe procedure for skillful surgeons in the treatment of tumor diameter larger than 6 cm.