Objective To study the antidepressant effect of Yiyukang and to explore its possible mechanism.Methods By using the mice forced-swimming models,mice tail suspension models and mice stereotyped behavior models,the antidepressant effect of Yiyukang and its mechanism were observed.Result In the mice forced-swimming test,the im- mobility-time was significantly reduced by high and medium dosage Yiyukang with the reduced rate being 21.65% and 24.84%(P＜0.01).The high dosage can also reduce the immobility time of tail-suspension mice with the rate of 29.58%(P＜0.01).Yiyukang can strengthen the mice head shaking behavior and had synergistic action with 5- HTP on reducing stereotyped behavior in mice.Conclusion Yiyukang has certain antidepressant effect,and the mecha- nism may be associated with promoting the actions of 5-hydroxytryptamine and dopamine in mice brain.

Objective To compare the resonance acoustic characteristics between 7~16 years old Down syn-drome children and normal children .Methods A total of 29 cases of 7~16 years old Down syndrome children and 90 cases of 7~16 years old normal children pronuanced /a/,/u/,/i/,each sound for 3 times ,every time 1 to 2 sec-onds .The oral resonance acoustic parameters ,including F1 (a) ,F2 (a) ,F1 (i) ,F2 (i) ,F1 (u) ,F2 (u) ,the distance of tongue and the distance of jaw ,were recorded by real analysis .Analysis of variance was used for the voice acous-tic .Results With age ,there was a significant decrease tendency of the value of F2 (a) and a very significant growth tendency of the values of F2 (i) and the distance of tongue in normal children .The value of F2 (i) inrcreased signifi-cantly in Down syndrome children .The values of every oral resonance acoustic parameters were not different signifi-cantly on sex in normal children .The values of F1 (i) and F1 (u) in Down syndrome boys were significantly less than those of in the Down syndrome girls ,but the the distance of jaw in Down syndrome boys were significantly greater than those of in the Down syndrome girls .The values of F2 (u) and F1 (i) in Down syndrome children were signifi-cantly greater than those of in normal children ,but the distance of tongue was significantly less than those of in nor-mal children .Conclusion With age ,in normal children ,the amplitude of the tongue forward movement and the range of tongue back and forward movement were increased significantly ,the oral focus moved forward gradually .In Down syndrome children ,the amplitude of the tongue back movement ,and the range of tongue back and forward movement ,were poor than those of in normal children .The Down syndrome children were easier to suffer from oral resonance disorder than normal children .

Objective To investigate the time course of nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB) and the effects of pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) on the expressions of NF-κB,tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin1β(IL-1β) in hippocampus after seizures.Methods Epilepsy were induced by [PTZ] through Intraperitoneal injection.Western blotting was used to detect NF-κB p65 expression in nucleus at various experiment groups in different time points( 14d,21 d,28d,35d).Moreover,mRNA and protein expressions of TNF-α and IL-1β in different experiment groups in different time points by Real-time quantitative PCR and ELISA analysis.Results The expression of NF-κB p65 began to increase in the nuclear fraction in 14d,kept rising in 28d and returned to 14d level in 35d after epilepsy seizures,At 14d,21d,28d and 35d,the expressions of NF-κB in PDTC groups ( (0.54 ±0.07),(0.65 ± 0.08 ),(0.78 ± 0.10),(0.78 ± 0.10) ) was significantly lower than those in PTZ groups ((1.20 ±0.11),(1.42 ±0.14),(1.88 ±0.16),(1.25 ±0.10)) (P＜0.01).After epilepsy seizures,the expression of TNF-α 、IL-1β mRNA was increased in PTZ groups( ( 1.34 ±0.13,0.81 ± O.17 ),( 1.64 ±0.17,1.56±0.20),(2.03 ±0.16,1.65 ±0.18),(1.40 ±0.10,1.30 ±0.13) ) than those in NS groups(P＜0.01 ) ;and compared with PTZ groups PDTC significantly decrease the mRNA expressions of TNF-α and IL-1 β in PDTC groups( (0.96 ±0.1,0.57 ±0.07),(1.36 ±0.15,1.09 ±0.18),(1.47 ±0.14,1.25 ±0.16),(1.12 ±0.12,O.85 ± 0.12) ) (P ＜ 0.05 ).The expressions of TN F-α,IL-1β protein were similar in hippocampal by ELISA.Conclusion Seizures induces NF-κB nucleus translocation and promotes the expressions of TNF-ot and IL-1 β in hippocampus and pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate suppresses NF-κB associated inflammatory pathway in epileptic rat hippocampus.

Objective To explore the stress changes of C7/T1 intervertebral space pre-and post C5/6 discectomy and artificial disc replacement.Method Eleven healthy adult fresh muhisegmental cadaveric cervical spine segments were utilized in this investigation and biomechanically evaluated under the following C5/6 conditions:intact spine,discectomy,and Bryan Disc prosthesis implantation.The load,of neutrality and pure moments of axial,flexion,extension,and lateral bending were applied on each group.The stress changes of the inferior (C7/T1)interverlebral space was detected by modified cyclo-shaped miniature transducer.Result Under axial,anteflexion,and lateral bending loading,the discectomy indicated a significant increase in the stress of the inferiorer(C7/T1)intervertebral space,compared to intact condition and CADR(P＜0.05).Under extension loading,the discectomy indicated an increase in the stress of the inferiorer(C7/T1)intervertebral space,compared to intact condition(P＞0.05).Under axial,flexion,extension and lateral bending loading,the Bryan Disc prosthesis implantation indicate minor increase of the stress in the inferior(C7/T1)intervertebral space to intact condition(P＞0.05).Conclusion There was no difference between the C5/6 ADR and intact spine group.The discectomy of the Cs/6 can increase the stress of the C7/T1 intervertebral spaoe.

Objective To summarize the experience of surgical management of carotid tumors ( CBT ) and application of shunt between common and internal carotid artery intraoperatively. Methods Thirty patients of CBT (mean age:39. 2 ±2. 3 years old,10 male and 20 female, 15 in left, 14 in right and 1 in both sides) who underwent surgical resection, were retrospectively reviewed. The average size of CBT was 4.9 ±0.3 cm. The diagnosis was established by ultrasound, CT, MRI or carotid arteriography. 16 patients underwent surgical resection of CBT, 10 patients underwent additional ligation of external carotid artery, and 4 patients underwent additional intraoperative shunt between common and internal carotid artery. Results Surgical procedures were successfully performeded in all 30 patients with CBT. Intraoperative shunts were successfully used between common and internal carotid artery in 4 patients. The postoperative complications included hoarseness (15) , bucking (11), crooked tongue ( 17) , dyspnea (1), dysphagia(3). There was no hemiplegia and death. Conclusion Surgical resection is the choice of treatment of carotid body tumor. The application of intraoperative shunt between common and internal carotid artery in complicated Shamblin Ⅲ stage is safe and effective.

Objective To optimize the extraction process of Paeoniae radix alba. Methods Extraction rates of paeoniflorin and total glucosides from Paeoniae radix alba and yield of dry extract were served as research indexes. Extraction process was optimized by central composite design-response surface methodology. Results Optimum condition of extraction technology was to extract 2 times with 9-fold of 85.00% ethanol for 100 min each time. Results of the three batches of confirmatory test were accordant with the predicted values. Conclusion The observed and predicted values were close to each other,and the optimum formulation by CCD-RSM was successful. The established model has a reliable predictability. The optimum extraction process is reasonable,stable and feasible.

Axillary lymph node status isone of the most important prognostic factors for the patients with breast cancer.Physical examination combining with ultrasound, mammography, CT, MRI and PET-CT can improve the predictive efficiency, but there is still high false negative rate.Ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration for axillary lymph node can improve preoperative diagnostic rate effectively.Using mathematical and statistical methods, building models for predicting sentinel lymph node or non-sentinel lymph node status with clinicopathological features helps to calculate the risk of lymph node involvement.Whether screening out patients with low risk of lymph node involvement avoiding axillary surgery is safe or not is still to be evaluated by relevant clinical trials.

Objective To compare the clinical outcomes between proximal femoral nail antirotation (PFNA) combined with salmon calcitonin and PFNA only for the treatment of unstable intertrochanteric fractures in elderly patients.Methods From January 2009 to December 2011,120 elderly patients with intertrochanteric fracture were randomly divided into two groups:calcitonin group and control group.Patients in calcitonin group were treated with PFNA combined with salmon calcitonin,while patients in control group were treated with PFNA only.According to Evans-Jensen classification,60 patients in calcitonin group (28 males and 32 females,with an average age of 75.1 years) were divided into 20 cases of type Ⅱ A,32 cases of type Ⅱ B and 8 type Ⅲ.Sixty patients in control group (27 males and 33 females,with an average age of 74.9 years) were divided into 22 cases of type Ⅱ A,32 cases of type Ⅱ B and 6 type Ⅲ.Bone healing was assessed with X-ray and bone mineral density (BMD) was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry.Harris hip and SF-12 score,complications,adverse effect of salmon calcitonin and subsequent fragility fractures were evaluated postoperatively.Results One-hundred and thirteen patients were followed up for at least 2 years.In 6 months after surgery,there were 4 cases of delayed healing in control group.However,all fractures were healed in 12 months after surgery.No significant difference was found between the two groups in BMD preoperatively.The changes in BMD were significantly different between the two groups in 6 months,1 year and 2 years after surgery.No significant difference was found between the two groups in Harris hip and 1-year SF-12 score while the 2-year SF-12 score was significantly different between the two groups.There was 1 patient in calcitonin group who suffered from subsequent fragility fracture in 3 months after surgery,while there was 6 patients in control group during 13 to 23 months postoperatively.Conclusion PFNA combined with salmon calcitonin achieves good effect for the treatment of unstable intertrochanteric fractures in elderly patients.

Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is a disorder of calcium metabolism, which is characterized by elevated blood calcium and PTH urine calcium, which is easy to involve multiple systems. The disease is mainly caused by a benign adenoma of parathyroid tissue, a few of which are parathyroid hyperplasia or parathyroid adenocarcinoma. As awareness of physical examination increased, the proportion of asymptomatic PHPT patients gradually increased. The disease can be cured by surgical resection of the parathyroid gland, most of which is a real good prognosis, but a few of them are complex and difficult to diagnose and treat. At present, there continue to be many controversies about the diagnosis and treatment of PHPT.This article is a review of the progress in the diagnosis and treatment of PHPT.

Objective To investigate whetherthe extract of HUANGPI inhibitthe secretion of TNF-αvia TLR4/MyD88/TRAF6 signaling pathway. Methods ELISA assay was performed to determine TNF-α level in cell culture medium. MTT assay was used to detect the effects of the extract of HUANGPI and LPS on the viabilities of RAW 264.7 cells. Proteinexpressions of TLR4 and TRAF6 were detected by Western blotting assay. Results The extract of HUANGPI inhibited the secretion of TNF-αin a dose-dependent manner. Compared to LPS group , were TNF-αwas significantly suppressed in the cells in LPS+MyD88 inhibitor group , LPS+extract group and LPS+extract+MyD88 inhibitor group,with the corresponding reductions of TLR4 and TRAF6 protein expression at74% and21%,70% and27%,44% and8.5%, respectively. Conclusion MYD88-dependent signaling pathway might be involved in the mechanism underlying the effect of the extract of HUANGPI on suppressing LPS-induced inflammation.