Objective To investigate the effect of ketamine on lipopolysaccharide ( LPS)-induced activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) in rat lung in vivo.Methods Twenty-four adult Wistar rats weighing 260-310 g were randomly divided into four groups with 6 animals in each group : (Ⅰ) control group received normal saline (NS) 0.3 ml iv;(Ⅱ) LPS group received LPS 8 mg?g-1 in 0.3 ml of NS iv + LPS 100?g?kg-1 in 0.2 ml of NS introduced into trachea;(Ⅲ) ketamine group A received ketamine 4 mg?kg-1 in 0.3 ml of NS iv 30 min after LPS + ketamine 4 mg?kg-1 ip after an interval of 60 min; (Ⅳ) ketamine group B received ketamine 8 mg?kg-1 iv and ip instead of 4 mg?kg-1 in groupⅢ. The animals were sacrificed 240 min after NS or LPS injection and chest was immediately opened. 10 ml of blood was removed from left heart for determination of MDA and NO2 / NO-3 concentration. The NF-kB activation of nuclear protein extracted from the lung was measured by EMSA. 99Tc was used to determine the pulmonary vascular permeability.Results NF-KB activation in the lung, serum MDA and N0-2 / NO-3 and the pulmonary vascular permeability were significantly increased in LPS group as compared with those in control group (P

Benzyltetrahydropalmatine ( BTHP ) which is a derivative of tet-rahydropalmatine, induced concentration-dependent decreases of the APA & dV/dt max and prolongation of conduction delay (CD) in toad sciatic neural action potential while it has little effect on APD.Bloocking action of Na+ -channel was measured with the dose required to produce 50% diminution of the value of APA, ie,EC50. EC50 of BTHP was 2.8 folds less than that of lidocaine and 11.9 folds more than that of quinidine, reflecting blocking action of Na+ -channel by BTHP, lidocaine, quinidine respectively.

Purpose To explore the value of hydroxyapatite (HAP) in the measurement of bone mineral density (BMD) based on the quantitative material decomposition images of spectral CT on healthy adult females.Materials and Methods A total of 128 healthy females who underwent upper abdominal CT examination with spectral CT at the Second Hospital of Lanzhou University from September 2013 to February 2016 were enrolled as the research group.Those patients with trauma,surgery,tumor or other diseases affecting BMD were excluded.The patients (ages ranged from 18 to 87 years) were divided into 6 groups according to their ages:＜30 years (n=23),30-39 years (n=20),40-49 years (n=22),50-59 years (n=24),60-69 years (n=19) and ≥ 70 years (n=20).The HAP and calcium concentration at central part of L2 centrum of spongy bone were measured.Meanwhile,119 healthy females who underwent dual energy X-ray absorption (DEXA) examination were selected as the controls and also divided into groups according to the same criteria as the research group.The BMD of the controls was also measured at L2 centrum and showed as areal density (g/cm2).The measurements of the research group were analyzed.The correlation analysis was done between hydroxyapatite,calcium concentration and age.The correlations between hydroxyapatite,calcium concentration and BMD obtained by DEXA were also analyzed.Results There were significant differences in the HAP and calcium concentration among different age groups (P＜0.05).The results of spectral CT and the DEXA showed correlations.Both HAP and calcium concentration showed positive relationship with BMD obtained by DEXA (r=0.874 and 0.796,respectively,both P＜0.05).The HAP and calcium concentration showed positive relationship with age in the groups (ages ranged from 18-39 years) (r=0.538 and 0.416,P＜0.05) and negative relationship with age in the groups (ages over 40 years) (r=-0.629 and-0.562,P＜0.05).Conclusion Material decomposition images of spectral CT can reflect bone changes,and HAP is a new base material for BMD measurement.

Objective:To establish the criterion of bacterial endotoxins test for hemocoagulase atrox for injection and measure the endotoxin concentration in hemocoagulase atrox for injection by the kinetic turbidimetric technique. Methods:The limit of bacterial en-dotoxins in the product was designed according to ChP 2010. Four endotoxin concentrations were prepared to obtain the standard curve. The interfering test was done by measuring the concentration of endotoxin added into the sample solution. The endotoxin concentration in the sample solution was measured. Results:The absolute value of the correlation coefficient was 0. 988 6 (must be above or equal to 0. 980), suggesting the standard curve was valid. The recovery of the added endotoxin in the sample solution was within 50 to 200%when the concentration of the product sample was 0. 25 KU·ml-1 . The measured endotoxin concentration in the sample met the re-quirements for bacterial endotoxins. Conclusion:The bacterial endotoxins assay method for milrinone injections is established, and the kinetic turbidimetric technique is suitable for the bacterial endotoxin test of the product.

Obiective: To verify the effects of aminoguanidine on hemodynamics in sepsis.Method:Experiments were conducted in five groups of anesthetized dogs (each group n=8).In group 1,lipopolysaccharide (LPS)was injected intravenously, Group 2 received both LPS and L-arginine (300mg/kg)intravenously. Group 3 received both LPS and N-nitro-Larginine (L-NNA,20mg/kg) intravenously.Group 4 received both LPS and aminoguanidine (30mg/kg) intravenously. Group 5 received only saline. Hemodynamic and oxygenational data were measured or calculated. Extravascular lung water (EVLW)was measured. Result:L-arginine increased CI and decreased PVRI,while treatment with aminoguanidine without significant increased the BP,SVRI and PVRI.But all of untoward hemodynamic effcts of LPS were exacerbated by the addition of L-NNA,as DO_2 was significantly decreased by L-NNA,Therefore,though O_2ER was also increase (insufficiently),VO_2 was still decreased significantly.EVLW was markedly increased by LNNA. Conclusion:The No-selective inhibition with adiministration of aminoguanidine may have considerable value in the therapy of endotoxin shock.

Objective To study the changes of CDH1 gene promoter CpG island methylation and its clinical significance in patients with esophagus and stomach double primary carcinoma(ESDC).Methods The expression of CDH1 gene methylation in cancerous tissues and adjacent cancerous tissues in 18 cases of ESDC were detected using methylation-specific PCR method. Results Eighteen patients were endoscopically diagnosed as ESDC between Jan. 2007 and Sep. 2009 in the 4th Hospital Affiliated to Hebei Medical University. The positive methylation of CDH1 gene in tissues of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC)and adjacent cancer were 66.7% and 33. 3%, respectively, with significant difference (χ2= 4. 167, P = 0. 031). Whereas the positive methylation of CDH1 gene in tissues of gastric carcinoma (GA) and adjacent cancer were 77.8% and 44.4%, respectively, without statistical difference (χ2=1.786, P= 0. 180). There was no significant difference (P=0. 500) in positive rate of CDH1 gene methylation between ESCC tissues and GA tissues in same individual with ESDC. For 18 patients with ESDC, consistent change of CDH1 methylation in tissues of two kinds of cancers was found in 16 patients with a total agreement of 88.9 % (positive agreement of 66.7 % and negative agreement of 22. 2%). Statistical analysis showed a significant correlation between two groups (P = 0. 005). Conclusion In patients with ESDC, there is a high consistency of CDH1 methylation change, between ESCC and GA,which suggests that two kinds of cancer may have similar risk factors and molecular mechanisms.

Objective To investigate the anti-apoptotic effect of gene A20 in treatment of trau-matic brain injury (TBI). Methods Thirty-five Sprague-Dawley rats were made severe TBI models and assigned randomly to experimental group and control group (35 rats in each group). After severe TBI, the rats in experimental group were injected with liposome-pcDNA3.1-A20 and those in control group injected with liposome pcDNA3.1-A20 at 30 minutes after severe TBI. The animals in both groups were sacrificed to remove the brain of five rats from each group at 12, 24, 48, 72 and 168 hours for sec-tioning. The expression of A20 and neurocyte apoptosis were defined by immunohistological method and TUNEL accordingly. The other ten rats were testified for neurological function at 1,2, 3 and 4 weeks af-ter TBI. Results The expression of A20 in experimental group was higher than that in control group, with statistical differences (P < 0. 01). The peak neurocyte apoptosis was found at 72 hours after TBI. The number of apoptosis cells in experimental group was lower than that in control group at 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours afte TBI (P < 0.01 or 0.05). At the 4th week after TBI, the neurological function in exper-imental group was better than that in control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Gene therapy with A20 may have anti-apoptosis effect and exert neuroprotective effect on severe TBI.

Objective To study the effects of ?2-adrenergic receptor gene Arg16Gly polymorphism on blood lipid and apolipoprotein ratio and its role in blood lipid and apolipoprotein ratio mediated by high carbohydrate/low fat (HC/LF) diet in healthy young persons.Methods Fifty-six healthy young volunteers had regular diet for 7 d followed by HC/LF diet for 6 d.Twelve-hour fasting venous blood samples were collected on days 1,8 and 14 to measure blood lipid and apolipoprotein (apo) AI and B100 levels,and to calculate ratios of TG/HDL-C,log (TG/HDL-C),TC/HDL-C,LDL-C/HDL-C and apoAI/apoB100.DNA was isolated from genome.Arg16Gly polymorphism was analyzed by PCR-RFLP.Results No significant difference was found in the baseline lipid and apolipoprotein ratio in subjects with AA genotype and G carriers before and after regular or HC/LF diet.The ratios of TG/HDL-C (P=0.017),log (TG/HDL-C) (P=0.031),and apoAI/apoB100 (P=0.006) were significantly higher,while those of TC/HDL-C (P=0.001) and LDL-C/HDL-C (P

Objective: To observe the energy spectral CT manifestations of focal organizing pneumonia (FOP) and peripheral lung cancer (PLC). Methods: Data of 40 patients with FOP (FOP group) and 60 patients with PLC (PLC group) confirmed by pathology who underwent chest dual-phase energy spectral CT were retrospectively analyzed. CT40~100 keV values on single energy images, iodine concentration, water concentration and effective atomic number at arterial and venous phase of lesions were measured and recorded, respectively. The corresponding energy spectral curve was drawn, and the slope of the curve was calculated. The quantitative parameters were compared between 2 groups. Results: There was no statistically differences of patients' age, gender, clinical symptoms nor lesions' size or location between 2 groups (all P>0.05). CT40 keV, CT50 keV, CT60 keV and CT 70 keV values, λ70 keV, iodine concentration, effective atomic number at arterial phase in PLC group were all higher than those in FOP group (t=3.46, 3.08, 3.08, 2.03, 2.32, 2.69, 2.73, all P<0.05), while at venous phase in PLC group were all lower than those in FOP group (t=-3. 51, -3.82, -3.01, -2.30, -2.76, -2.40, -2.43, all P<0.05). No statistical difference of other energy spectrum parameters at arterial phase or venous phase was found between 2 groups (all P>0.05). Conclusion: Energy spectral CT findings of FOP and PLC had certain difference, providing references for differential diagnosis of FOP and PLC.

Objective:To evaluate the rate of basicervical fractures and document their diagnosis and treatment.Methods: From January 2005 to May 2016,28 basicervical fractures of the 832 trochanteric fractures were collected and evaluated.The patients were treated with multiple screws,dynamic hip screw (DHS),intramedullary nail.Via the operation time,postoperative hospitalization,loss of blood duration the operation,hidden blood loss,total blood loss,mean union time and the final follow-up Harris hip score,the characteristics of different internal fixations were compared and analyzed.Results: The incidence of basicervical fractures was 3.37％ (28/832) in our study.In the intramedullary nail group (16 patients),the operation time was 55 (20,120) min,the postoperative hospitalization was 3(2,7) d,the intraoperative blood loss was 50(5,100) mL,the hidden blood loss was 533.37 (376.19,987.15) mL,and the total blood loss 627.35 (406.19,1037.16) mL.The union time and final follow-up Harris score were 6 (3,9) months and 90.25 (74,100) min.In the DHS group (8 patients),the operation time was 87.5 (65,115) min,the postoperative hospitalization was 5.5 (2,17) d,the intraoperative blood loss was 100 (50,300) mL,the hidden blood loss was 278.11 (202.43,849.97) mL,and the total blood loss 580.19 (368.55,899.97) mL.The union time and final follow-up Harris score were 5.5 (4,12) months and 85.5 (84,87) min.In the multiple screws group (4 patients),the operation time was 47.5 (35,75) min,the postoperative hospitalization was 5 (2,12) d,the intraope-rative blood loss was 20 (2,70) mL,the hidden blood loss was 150 (100.00,412.01) mL,and the total blood loss 195.00 (120.00,414.01) mL.The union time and final follow-up Harris score were 4 (4,6) months and 80 (61,97) min.The patients treated with multiple screws and intramedullary nail had a shorter operation time than the DNS group,but no obvious difference was found between the other two groups (P=0.367).Postoperative hospitalization had no significant difference among the three groups.The intraoperative bleeding was more in the DHS group,the other two groups had no significant difference (P=0.100).However,the hidden blood loss was more in the intramedullary nail group,the other two groups had no significant difference (P=0.134).The total blood loss in the intramedullary nail group was more than multiple screw group,similar to the DHS group (P=0.483).One patient treated with multiple screws underwent internal fixation failure three months after operation.The mean union time and final follow-up Harris scores had no significant difference among the three groups (P>0.05).Conclusion: Through this study,we found that the incidence of basicervical fractures is low.Fractures with no shift can be confirmed by preoperative X-ray.For displaced fractures,preoperative CT + 3D reconstruction is recommended.Surgical treatment by closed reduction and internal fixation with DHS or intramedullary nail is shown to be very effective.