OBJECTIVE: To investigate the use of antibiotics in our hospital. METHODS: All the prescriptions in Jan., Apr., July and Oct. in 2006 in dispensary for western medicine were reviewed, from which, 6 605 (17.26%) antibiotic prescriptions were selected. The categories and kinds of antibiotics were investigated; meanwhile the administration and dosage, course of treatment and drug combination were analyzed based on diagnosis and patient's age. RESULTS: The antibiotics used in 6 605 prescriptions totaled 7 categories. 87.80% used antibacterial drugs accorded with diagnose; 56.46% of the antibacterial drugs were administered orally; in terms of dosage and administration, more than 95% were up to the standard; the course of treatment in 86.99% ranged from 3 to 7 days; 91.04% of the antibacterial drugs used in single kind, about 8.80% in two kinds, and only 0.17% in three kinds concomitantly. CONCLUSION: The use of antibacterial drugs in our hospital is rational on the whole, yet it is far from perfect. Measures should be taken to further improve the rational drug use level.

Objective This study aimed to investigate the expression of Cyclin E protein in the progress of occurrence and development of gastric cancer and lymphonode metastatic cancer.Methods The expression of Cyclin E protein analyzed by immunohistochemistry in gastric tissue array included of normal gastric mucosa,cancer side tissues,atypical hyperplasia tissues,primary cancer tissues and lymphonode metastatic cancer tissues.Results The positive expression rate of Cyclin E protein was 14.3％,20.0％,34.7％,85.1％ and 82.9％ in normal gastric mucosa,atypical hyperplasia tissue,carcinoma side tissue,primary cancer and lymphonode metastatic cancer,respectively.Compared with normal gastric mucosa and carcinoma side tissues and atypical hyperplasia tissues,the Cyclin E protein in primary cancer and lymphonode metastatic carcinoma tissues was over-expression ( P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusions The Cyclin E protein was a possible molecular marker that can be used to diagnosis gastric cancer and lymphaden metastasis cancer.

Objective:To dynamically describe the drug concentration change in different time in vivo to understand the in vivo be-havior patterns and rules of drugs, provide reference for performing individual treatment and avoiding adverse drug reactions and lay foundation for dynamic description of physiological pharmacokinetic model. Methods:A two-compartment model was established using Simulink dynamic simulation and used in curve fitting and parameter estimation. The results from the model were compared with those from 3P97 software. Results:There was no significant difference between the results from the dynamic model and those from 3P97 soft-ware. Conclusion:The dynamic model can be used to dynamically simulate two-compartment model for oral administration. The re-sults from the dynamic simulation are more direct, and can correct the fitting error in 3P97 software.

Objective To investigate the effect of self-designed closed negative pressure drainage combined with sponge dressings on refractory wounds.Methods Sixty patients with phase III-IV pressure ulcers were randomly divided into experiment group and control group in equal number.The self-designed closed negative pressure drainage combined with sponge dressing was applied in the experiment group and in the control group the conventional dressings were used.The two groups were compared in terms of hyperplasia of fresh granulation tissue,time for filling the defect and the healing time and the medical expense.Results Compared to the control group,the time for hyperplasia of fresh granulation tissue,the time for filling the defect and the healing time in the experiment group were all significantly shorter,and the medical expense of the experiment group was significantly less(all P<0.01). Conclusion The self-designed closed negative pressure drainage combined with sponge dressings in the treatment of phase III-IV refractory pressure ulcers may effectively shorten the healing time,improve the curative effects and reduce the economic burden of patients.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the efficacy and safety of Compound yimucao oral liquid combined with oxytocin in the prevention of postpartum hemorrhage and promotion of uterine involution for puerpera of vaginal delivery. METHODS:240 preg-nants with natural childbirth of vaginal delivery were randomly divided into control group and observation group. Control group was injected oxytocin 20 U in buttock after delivery. Observation group was additionally treated with Compound yimucao oral liquid 20 ml,tid for consecutive 2 weeks. Postpartum vaginal bleeding,uterine involution and incidence of adverse reactions in 2 groups were observed. RESULTS:Compared with control group,postpartum hemorrhage volume after delivery 2-24 h,incidence of post-partum hemorrhage,uterus size,uterine hemorrhage and lochia duration in postpartum 42 d in observation group were significantly better than control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05);there were no significant differences in the hemor-rhage postpartum volume after delivery 1 h and 1-2 h and fundal height in postpartum 42 d in 2 groups(P>0.05). There were no fever,rash,nausea and other obvious adverse reactions in 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS:Compound yimucao oral liquid combined with oxytocin can obviously decrease the postpartum bleeding and promote uterine involution,with good safety.

Objective:To study the effects of Ophiocordyceps xuefengensis on proliferation of DC -CIK cells and the activity of killing HepG-2 cells by DC-CIK cells.Methods:Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were routinely isolated and induced into DC and CIK.DC and CIK co-cultured by 1∶5 for 7 days,then Ophiocordyceps xuefengensis were added into medicine group ,observed the mor-phology of the cells on the tenth day and counted the DC-CIK number of each group.DC-CIK cells acted as effector cells and the HepG-2 cells as target cells , cck-8 method for the detection of DC-CIK in the killing rate of HepG-2.Results: The Ophiocordyceps xuefengensis was able to proliferate the DC-CIK dramatically ,the optimal concentration was 0.1 mg/ml.Cultivation of Ophiocordyceps xuefengensis induced DC-CIK cells on HepG-2 cells killing effect was better than that of the routine method of DC-CIK cells; the effection of Ophiocordyceps xuefengensis killing HepG-2 cells was not obviously.Conclusion: Ophiocordyceps xuefengensis can enhance the anti-tumor activity of DC-CIK mainly by promoting the proliferation of it.

BACKGROUND: There is nearly no muscle tissue with satisfactory function and appearance applying in clinical repair and construction of injured muscles to date. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the feasibility of applying autologous fascia as a scaffold to construct muscle in vivo. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: The randomized, self-matched control experiment was carried out between January 2004and June 2006 at Department of Burns & Plastic Surgery, Second Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China MATERIALS: Twenty-eight healthy New Zealand rabbits, weighing (1.7±0.5) kg, without sex restriction, establishing middle part defect model of anterior tibial muscle of rabbit hind legs. METHODS: One hind leg of each rabbit was randomized to the experimental group (n=28), the other hind leg was assigned to one of 3 control groups, scaffold-connected group (n=10), muscle particle implant group (n=10) and blank control group(n=8). In experimental group, the defect was connected with an autologous fascial scaffold and filled with the mutilated muscle particles, and subcutaneous tissue and skin were sutured in situ. In scaffold-connected group, the treatments were same to the experimental group only except muscle particle implantation. In muscle particle implant group, the defect was filled with muscle particles but without fascial scaffold and other treatments were same to the experimental group. The defect in blank control group received no treatment. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The success rate of muscle transplantation, histological and ultra structural observation,and immunohistochemical identification of desmin were observed at 2, 3, 4, 6 and 9 weeks after operation. The middle parts of samples were also harvested for relative quantitative analysis of α-actin cDNA using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction in the experimental group and scaffold-connected group.RESULTS: In experimental group, 1 muscle broke near the proximal junction, the other 27 succeeded and the appearance of healed defects became near normal gradually. In scaffold-connected group, 4 muscles broke, 6 muscles still depressed in defect area; in muscle particle implant group and blank control group, the defects had no change. In experimental group, a large quantity of skeletal muscle satellite cells proliferated, which reached peak at 2-3 weeks, cells attached to the ends of fibrous connective tissue; in scaffold-connected group only fibrous connective tissue was seen. lmmunohistochemistry showed that 85% cells in experimental group were desmin-positive, while the positive rate in scaffold-connected group was < 25%. The relative quantitative analysis of α -actin cDNA showed that there were significant differences between the experimental group and scaffold-connected group at different time points(P < 0.05).CONCLUSION: The success rate of repairing muscle defect with autologous fascial scaffold reached 93.33%, which indicates that it is feasible to promote muscle regeneration with autologous fascial scaffold.

Objective To apply Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) on the patients injured in Sichuan Earthquake. Methods COPM was applied to evaluate 51 patients in hospital before and 1 months after treatment. The first evaluation confirmed the problems on occupational activities for them. Then the plan was made to solve the problems. The second evaluation was to assess the effect of the treatment.Results The problem of self-care activity is more than that of productive activities and leisure activities(P<0.01). Total scores of performance of occupational activity and satisfaction improved(P<0.01, P<0.01)Conclusion COPM is helpful to confirm the problems of occupational activities and contribute to develope the primary goals for rehabilitation and treatment programs.

Objective To investigate changes in the collagen expression and elastic modulus in scleral tissues of experimental high myopia, so as to further explain the mechanism of high myopia. Methods Twenty one-month-old New Zealand white rabbits were monocularly treated by eyelid suturation randomly to build an experimental high myopia eye model. Eyes without such operation were set as the normal control. After 60 days, the experimental high myopia eye models were successfully established by measuring the eye axis. The eyeballs were obtained to assess three regions of the sclera (anterior, equatorial, and posterior area). The three regions of the scleral tissues were separately divided into four groups. The first group was made into scleral strips for elastic modulus measurement using an Instron5544. The second group was hematoxylin-and-eosin stained for observation of the scleral structures. The third group was used for electron microscopy to observe the size distribution of collagen fibrils. The last group was homogenized, and the concentration of hydroxyproline was measured to determine the collagen content. Results The elastic modulus, collagen content, and diameters of the collagen fibrils of each scleral region increased with age. The posterior sclera of high myopia had looser collagen fibril arrangement, less hydroxyproline concentration, and lower elastic modulus than the normal eyes. However, there was no significant difference as for the anterior and equatorial sclera. Conclusions The remodeled posterior sclera of high myopia has a looser collagen fibril arrangement, less collagen, and lower elastic modulus, which easily causes expansion and deformation and thus lead to high myopia. The research findings provide the theoretical guidance for high myopia prevention by targeting the collagen during early development.

Objective:To investigate the value of anal swabs positive for 2019-nCoV in patients with COVID-19 and the clinical features of the patients.Methods:Throat swabs, sputum and blood samples, and anal swabs were collected from 104 patients with COVID-19 at admission to test for 2019-nCoV nucleic acid. Clinical characteristics and hematological indexes were compared between viral nucleic acid-positive and -negative groups of different sample types. Fifteen patients whose anal swabs were positive for viral nucleic acid were selected to analyze the length of time before the nucleic acid turned negative in different specimens.Results:Compared with the patients having negative anal swab test results, those having positive test results showed decreased lymphocytes, increased lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (HsCRP), and higher incidence of severe COVID-19. The levels of HsCRP and IL-6 and the incidence of severe COVID-19 were significantly higher in patients with positive throat swab test results than in those with negative results. No significant difference in hematological indexes or the proportion of severe cases was detected between the patients with positive and negative sputum test results. Only 1.92% of the patients had positive blood test results, but all of them were severe patients. The positive rate of sputum test was the highest, which was 46.15%. Patients with positive results of both throat and anal swab test had significantly decreased lymphocytes, increased HsCRP and IL-6 levels, and higher incidence of critical COVID-19. It took longer time for patients to have negative anal swab and sputum test results. Moreover, it should be noticed that the viral nucleic acid in sputum might become positive again after it turned negative.Conclusions:Patients with positive anal swab test results had reduced lymphocytes, enhanced inflammatory response and higher incidence of severe COVID-19, suggesting that a positive anal swab test might be an indicator of severe COVID-19. Moreover, the time of 2019-nCoV nucleic acid turning negative in anal swabs was longer than that in throat swabs. The combined detection of throat swabs and anal swabs would help to predict the occurrence of severe COVID-19.