53 cases of tumor of the head received radiotherapy during 1993 - 1995. Their tongue had received a rather high dosage of radial therapy. 44/53 cases had their tongue for thickened (P 0, 05). After radiotherapy, 36/53 cases had their tongue fur became scanty or even totally uncoated (P

BACKGROUND: Huangiao granule is pure Chinese drugs pharmaceu-tics, which can eliminate heat by purgatingfu-organs, clear unconscious-ness and stop endogenous wind as well as promote blood flow and removeblood stasis etc.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of huangjiao granule on apoptosis ofneurocytes in rat models with middle cerebral arterial occlusion, and probeinto the possible mechanism of huangjiao granule in the treatment of acutecerebral infarction.DESIGN: Complete randomized grouping design, control animal experi-ment.SETTING: Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of TraditionalChinese Medicine Combined with Western Medicine, Tongji Medical Col-lege of Huazhong University of Science and Technology.MATERIALS: The experiment was conducted in the Central Laboratory,Hubei College of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Sixty old Wistar rats aged22 months were selected. After 3-day-feeding for adaptability, rats wererandomized into 6 groups according to body mass: Normal control group,model group, nimodipine gorup, 10 g/kg huangjia ogranule group and 5 g/kghuangjiao granule group with 10 rats in each group.METHODS: ①Rats were made into cerebral ischemic models with mid-dle cerebral arterial occlusion method. Thirty minutes before modeling, ratsin the 10, 5, 2.5 g/kg huangjiao granule (main gredients were radix et rhi-zoma rhei, cornu bubali etc. provided by Manufacturing Laboratory ofWuhan First Hospital with the batch number of 021120) groups respec-tively received gastric perfusion of 1, 0.5, 0.25 g/mL huangjiao water so-lution containing crude drug at the dose of 10, 5, 2.5 g/kg with each rats perfused once; Rats in the nimodipine group received gastric perfusion of1 mg/mL nimodipine water solution, containing crude drug at the dose of 10 mg/kg with each rats perfused once; Rats in the model group and normal control group received gastric perfusion of normal saline at the dose of 10 mL/kg with each rats perfused once. ② Apoptotic stainning sections in situ were observed under light microscope, 5 fields were observed under high power (20×10). Observed the number of mean positive cells of each highpower field, and then caculated the percentage of apoptosis. Histologic changes of local and peripheral ischemic cortexes were observed under light microscope. Changes of ultramicrostructure of cells in cerebral cortexes of rats were observed under electron microscope. ③Differences of measurement data were compared with F test and Q test.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Morphologic effects of huangjiao granule on apoptotic rate of neurocytes in brain tissues of old rats with middle cerebral arterial occlusion (MACO) and cells in cerebral cortexes.RESULTS: A total of 60 Wistar rats were involved in the analysis of results. ①Number of apoptotic positive cells in brain tissues and apoptotic rate in rats of model group were significantly higher than those in the normal control group (P ＜ 0.01); Those in each huangjiao granule groups and nimodipine group were obviously lower than those in the model group (P ＜ 0.01); Differences in numbers of apoptotic positive cells in brain tissues and apoptotic rates in rats of 10 g/kg huangiao group and nimodipine groupwere not obvious (P ＜ 0.05). Number of apoptotic positive cells in brain tissues and apoptotic rate in rats of 10 g/kg huangjiao granule group were markedly lower than those in the 5, 2.5 g/kg huangjiao granule groups (P ＜ 0.05, 0.01).②Observation with light microscope and electron microscope showed that there were obvious apoptosis in local cells of brain tissues in rats of model group, which can significantly ameliorate by haungjiao granule.CONCLUSION: Huangjiao granule has some antagonistic effects on acute ischemic apoptosis of neurocytes, which may be one of the possible mechanisms of huangjiao granule in the treatment of acute cerebral infarction.

Objective To evaluate mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy in treating proximal ureteral calculi. Methods 109 patients underwent mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy for proximal ureteral calculi from March 1998 to July 2001 were reviewed and evaluated. Results All the 109(100%) were rendered stone-free at 1 session.The average operation time was 60 munites,the estimated blood loss volume 25 ml and the average hospitalization 7 days.No major complications were noted. Conclusions Mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy is safe and effective in treating proximal ureteral calculi and is less invasive for the patients.

BACKGROUND: It has been demonstrated that electromagnetic field (EMF) can adjust proliferation and differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, but the specific mechanism is not clear. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of EMF-activated ERK1/2 pathway on proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.METHODS: The 3rd passage of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were received EMF treatment (15 Hz, 1 mT, sine wave), 20 μmol/L PD98059 + EMF treatment, or only PD98059 treatment. Simultaneously, a normal control group was established. Western blotting was applied to detect the activation of ERK signal pathway after EMF exposure. MTT assay was used to determine the activation of proliferation of cells. And alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in cells was detected by an ALP kit. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The ERK1/2 phosphorylation, proliferation and ALP activity of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were remarkably increased after exposure to EMF (P < 0.01). PD98059 could effectively block the increasing of ERK1/2 phosphorylation and cell proliferation (P < 0.01), but elevate ALP activity in a certain level (P < 0.01). EMF stimulation can fast activate ERK1/2 signal pathway and then promote the proliferation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, however, ERK1/2 signal pathway activation has a less effect on osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.

Objective To change the two-tiered C/S architecture of traditional PACS.Methods Based on the deeply research of PACS architecture,combination with DICOM and distributed object technology,propose distributed PACS system architecture,the three-tire client/server framework of distributed object technology introduced into the architecture of PACS to design the new architecture.Results In comparison with traditional PACS that were based on DICOM networks,the distributed PACS were improved themselves in system architecture and performance,and PACS were more open and interoperable.Conclusion The new architecture not only enhances the performance of PACS,but also meets the need of open and high interconnectivity and interoperability.

Objective: To investigate the relationships among peer attachment, self-identity, preference of online games and pathological internet use. Methods: 404 middle school students (213 boys, 191 girls) in Beijing participated in this study, and Peer Attachment Scale, Self-identity Scale, Preference of Online Games Scale and Adolescent Pathological Internet Use Scale were used. Results: ①Peer alienation predicted PIU significantly, but peer trust and peer communication didn’t; ②The preference of online games had significant complete mediating effects on the association between peer trust and PIU, and on that between peer alienation and PIU as well; the complete mediating effect of ego identity on the relationship between peer trust, peer communication and PIU was significant. Conclusion: The study demonstrates that there are significant relations among adolescents’ peer attachment, preference of online games, ego-identity and PIU.

Objective To investigate the effect of positive ventilation pressure on the radiotherapy of primary cancer of stage Ⅲ.Methods 19 patients diagnosed as of primary,cancer of stage Ⅲ were randomly divided into two groups:the combining therapy group and the simple radiotherapy group.The patients of combining therapy group were treated with positive pressure ventilation using BIPAP respirator and radiotherapy.The recently therapy results and the radiotherapy associated side effects were observed between these two groups.Results(1)The combination of radiotherapy and BI- PAP provides significant superiority of local effects over radiotherapy.P

Objective To investigate the influence of fasudil on the epithelialmesenchymal transdifferentiation of renal tubular epithelial cells in diabetic rats and to explore the mechanism. Methods Wistar mts were randomly divided into three groups:control,diabetes and fasudil-treatment.All the rots were sacrificed after three months of feeding with or without fasudil.Pathological changes of the glomeruli and renal interstitium were studied by periodic acidSchiff'S staining and Masson staining,respectively.Expression of ROCKI,α-SMA,E-cadherin and the distribution of β-catenin was examined by immunohistochemistry.Changes in the MYPT1 phosphorylation profile and α-SMA,E-cadherin and membrane β-catenin expression were detected bv Western blot.Changes in the levels of ROCKI,E-cadherin and total β-eatenin mRNA expression were analyzed by real-time PCR. Results Fasudil treatment notably attenuated renal interstitial fibrosis in diabetic rats.Compared to the control rats.diabetic rats showed an elevated phosphorylation of MYFF1(P<0.01),increased expression of α-SMA(P<0.01),decreased expression of E-cadherin and membrane β-catenin(P<0.01,respectively)and increased expression of ROCKI,total β-catenin mRNA(P<0.01,respectively),decreased expression of E-cadherin mRNA(P<0.01 ). Fasudil treatment for diabetic rats attenuated MYPT1 phosphorylation (P<0.01), decreased α-SMA expression (P<0.01), increased E-cadherin and membrane (β-catenin expression (P<0.01, respectively), and reduced ROCKI, total β-catenin mRNA expression (P <0.01, respectively), increased expression of E-cadherin mRNA (P<0.01). Conclusions Fasudil may reduce the epithelial-mesenchymal transdifferentiation and renal interstitial fibrosis in diabetic rats through the inhibition of ROCK activity. Such effect further facilitates the recovery of the cell-cell adhesion among renal tubular epithelial cells and the formation of adhesion complex.

BACKGROUND: It has been proved that electromagnetic field can adjust and control proliferation and differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells v/a cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-protein kinase A (PKA) signal transduction system. However, there are few relevant reports about Ca2+ as the second messenger in application. OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of verapamil on the proliferation and differentiation of bone marrow rnesenchymal stem cells stimulated by electromagnetic fields and to conclude influx changes of Ca2+.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Electrostimulative cytological observation in vitro, which was performed in Laboratory of Orthopedic Surgery, Tongji Hospital between April and June 2005.MATERIALS: Six 4-5-week SD rats of clean grade were selected in this study. Verapami| was provided by Sigma Company, USA, and Helmholtz coil-magnetic field producer was made in Department of Electric Machine, Navy Engineering University.METHODS: The bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were isolated and cultured in vitro with adherence method and digested with trypsin. The fourth-passage cells were harvested, adjusted to 1 × 107 L-1 in density, and divided into A, B, C and D groups in 96-well plate with 200 μ I/well. Cells in the normal control group were not performed with any agent. On the second day of inoculation, cells in the magnetic field (EMF) group were cultured in Helmholtz-coil magnetic field (0.8 mT, 50 Hz) in 0.05% CO2 saturated humidity incubator at 37 ℃, 30 minutes for each, 12 hours for interval, six time in total. Cells in the verapamil group were cultured with 20 μ mol/L verapamil, and cells in the combination group were cultured with 20 μ mol/L verapamil and magnetic stimulation.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Proliferative activity was tested with MTT method, content of alkaline phosphate differentiated to osteoblasts was measured, and cells were stained with modified Gomori Ca-Co staining. RESULTS: Proliferative activity was significantly increased in the EMF group as compared with that in the normal control group after 3-day magnetic stimulation (P < 0.01), but verapamil could inhibit promotive effect on proliferation. Content of alkaline phosphate in the normal control group was similar to that in the EMF group, while those two contents were significantly higher than those in the verapamil group and the combination group (P < 0.01); furthermore, content of alkaline phosphate in the combination group was significant higher than that in the EMF group (P < 0.01). Qualitative analysis of alkaline phosphate showed a coincident result as mentioned above.CONCLUSION: EMF of 50 Hz frequency and 0.8 mT intensity can change intracellular free calcium ion concentration of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, and the change play a key role in the cellular proliferation and play a partial role in the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into osteoblasta.

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical significance of pyrosequencing assay for determining K-ras mutations in exon 2 codons 12 and 13 in clinical colorectal cancer tissues.Methods Genomic DNA,extracted from K-ras mutant cell lines SW480 (homozygous,c.35G ＞ T), DLD-1 (heterozygous,c.38G ＞ A) and wild-type HT-29,was first used as the sequencing template respectively to test the accuracy of pyrosequencing methodology.The SW480 and DLD-1 DNA was separately mixed with wild-type HT-29 DNA in proportions of 2％,3％,5％,10％,20％,30％ and 50％,the sensitivity for mutation detection was measured separately by pyrosequencing assay and directed Sanger DNA sequencing in the serial DNA mixture samples.The pyrosequencing assay results were compared with the corresponding Sanger sequencing and the datas were analysized by Fisher exact test.Pyrosequencing analysis was then performed for screening K-ras exon 2 mutations at codons 12 and 13 on DNA isolated from a panel of 30 colorectal cancer samples derived fromclinicalformalin-fixed andparaffinembedded(FFPE)tissues.ResultsCancer cell lines with known K-ras mutations ( SW480 and DLD-1 ) were readily detectable by pyrosequencing-based analysis.When the proportions of mutant colorectal cancer cell line DNA were 5％ and 10％ content,the mutation rates of K-ras gene detected by conventional Sanger DNA sequencing were 33.3％ (4/12) and 58.3％ (7/12) respectively,whereas the mutation rates detected by pyrosequencingbased assay were 91.7％ (11/12) and 100％(12/12) respectively,there were significant differences between those two sequencing methodology ( P ＜0.05).Furthermore,we found 10 patients with K-ras exon 2 point mutations at codons 12 and 13 by pyrosequencing-based assay from 30 colorectal cancer FFPE tissues,the point mutation rate was 33.3％ (10/30) and all of the mutations determined were heterozygous.The codon 12 was most frequently affected [30％ (9/30)].Mutations with the highest frequency were G ＞ A transitions [ 50％ ( 5/10 ) ],followed by G ＞ T transversions [ 30％ ( 3/10 ) ].Conclusion The pyrosequencing assay provides an accurate and sensitive method for mutation screening of K-ras exon 2 codons 12 and 13 in routine diagnostic specimens,thereby allowing the selection of the cancer treatment in clinical individualized practice.