Molecular diagnosis is rapidly developed in recent years , mainly applicated in the diagnosis of hereditary disease , infectious pathogens, tumor susceptibility and molecular typing , companion diagnosis and prognosis assessment , playing more and more important role in many diseases diagnosis and treatment.Molecular diagnosis was developed from the eighties of the last century in our country .Nowadays, the mainly applied technologies in the clinical laboratory include fluorescence in situ hybridization , quantitative PCR, microarray and DNA sequencing. These molecular technologies make up for the insufficiency of routine testing and take up a central role in the development of modern laboratory medicine . With the continuous development in transformation research of molecular technology recent years , there will be more molecular diagnostic techniques applied in clinicaldiagnosis in the future .But it still exists some drawbacks in the performance of molecular diagnosis in our country according to the current situation , such as imbalanced regional development , mismatched policies, non-standardized laboratory construction , deficiency of quality control and supervision , etc., which requires the joint effort of the government , hospital, professional association and clinical laboratory itself to promote the healthy and orderly development of molecular diagnosis.

During the past decade, tremendous progress has been made in terms of speed, read length, and throughput, along with a sharp reduction in per-base cost.Together, these advances democratized next generation sequence (NGS) and paved the way for the development of a large number of novel NGS applications in clinical diagnostics, especially in the field of non-invasive prenatal detection, rare genetic disease and cancer companion diagnostics.As technology advances, long-read single molecule sequencing began to emerge.Single cell, long-reads, transcriptome, and low cost will be the NGS direction.Due to the special nature of clinical testing, the current NGS clinical application system,including genetic counseling, testing standards, quality control, supervision, database construction etc, does not match the national conditions well and still faces a few challenges, needs to be constantly improved through the routine clinical practice in the future.

Objective Some drugs can effectively improve the uptake of 131 I in dedifferentiated thyroid cancer .This study was to investigate the effect of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) combined with interferon-α2a (IFN-α2a) on the iodine uptake and re-tention rate of FTC-133 follicular thyroid carcinoma cells . Methods FTC-133 cells were cultured in the presence of 2 μmol/L AT-RA and/or 1500 IU/mL IFN-α2a for 72 hours.The the cells were collected for measurement of the uptake and retention rate of Na 125 I. Results The Na125 I uptake of the FTC-133 cells was significantly increased after 72-hour incubation with 2μmol/L ATRA and 1500 IU/mL IFN-α2a (2423.1 ±237.5) as compared with those of the control (1279.5 ±102.8), ATRA (1438.2 ±149.6), and IFN-α2a groups (1355.3 ±198.4) (P<0.05).Statistically significant differences were observed in the retention rate of Na 125I in the FTC-133 cells at different time points in the each of the blank control , 2μmol/L ATRA, 1500 IU/mL IFN-α2a, and combination groups (P<0.01), but not in that of Na125I among these groups (P<0.05). Conclusion ATRA in combination with IFN-α2a can promote the Na125 I uptake but cannot improve the Na 125 I retention rate in FTC-133 cells.

Cancer development is a complex process that involves multiple genetic changes and multiple signaling pathways . Recent findings show that the GRIM-19 is a novel apoptosis regulation gene , and its gene mutations and loss of protein expression have been observed in many tumor types such as urinarysystem tumor , digestive system neoplasm , which are closely related to cancer devel-opment.Thus, GRIM-19 may be a potential target for gene therapy .Pro-apoptotic mechanisms of GRIM-19 and its related proteins such as STAT3,GW112,p16INK4aare overviewed in this article.

OBJECTIVE: To study the expression of interleukin-17 (IL-17) in nasal polyps from both atopic and nonatopic patients, and its associations with histological features of polyps tissue. METHOD: Thirty patients with nasal polyps (NP) were included and divided into atopic and nonatopic groups according to the skin prick test. Histological characteristics were assessed by eosinophilic infiltration with HE staining. IL-17 expression in polyps tissue was detected by ELISA and RT-PCR. RESULT: Eosinophilic infiltration was significantly higher in atopic NP patients than in nonatopic NP patients (P < 0.01). IL-17 protein and IL-17 mRNA levels were significantly upregulated in both atopic (P < 0.01) and nonatopic (P < 0.05) patients compared with controls. Furthermore, IL-17 levels were significantly higher in the atopic group than in nonatopic group. Significantly positive correlations were found between IL-17 levels and eosinophilic infiltration in NP patients. CONCLUSION These results indicated that expression of IL-17 was significantly upregulated in NP patients and was especially higher in atopic NP patients, suggesting that IL-17 may play an important role in the pathogenesis of NP and atopy may contribute to NP by stimulating the production of IL-17.
Adult ; Aged ; Eosinophils ; cytology ; Female ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity, Immediate ; metabolism ; pathology ; Interleukin-17 ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasal Polyps ; metabolism ; pathology ; Young Adult

As an important branch of systematic biology, metabonomics is an emerging discipline following genomics, proteomics and transcriptomics. It focuses on the quality and quantity changes of the small molecular metabolites in appointed physiological or pathological state, and provides important informa?tion for studies of diseases mechanism, clinical early diagnosis and prognosis prediction. Compared with tra?ditional clinical diagnostic method ( single index) , metabonomics method can more comprehensively analyze metabolites changes in the body. This review introduces the metabonomics and summarizes its application in thyroid diseases.

OBJECTIVE This objective of this study was to investigate intranasal anatomic abnormalities in cases of contact point headaches caused by contact between the nasal septum and the lateral nasal wall,as well as the clinical outcomes in these cases treated by endoscopic sinonasal surgery. METHODS A retrospective review was performed on 58 cases that met the criteria of having contact points between the septum and the lateral nasal wall, as demonstrated by CT scans of the sinuses and endoscopic examinations. These patients underwent surgical intervention in order to correct the contact points. They were re-evaluated for clinical parameters three months after the surgical correction of their anatomic abnormalities. RESULTS Abnormal nasal septa, enlarged turbinates and other anatomic abnormalities were the most common findings in contact point headaches. Fifty-eight patients underwent surgical correction of intranasal anatomic abnormalities. After follow-up periods of 3-18 mouths, 32 patients were cured, 23 were relieved to an extent, and 3 did not benefit. A significant decrease in the severity and frequency of headaches was noted after surgery. CONCLUSION Pressure from mucosal contact between the septum and lateral nasal wall mucosa is the key cause of contact point headaches, as seen in CT scans of the sinuses and endoscopic examinations. Clinically significant pain may improve after surgical correction of intranasal anatomic abnormalities.

Objective To explore the possible effects on differentiation of SHI-1 cells induced by puerariae radix flavones(PRF)in vitro.Methods SHI-1 cells were treated with PRF in various concertration,then the inhibitory effects of cell proliferation were detected by MTT assay,the cell cycles were analyzed by flow cytometry(FCM),the cells reduction rates were detected by NBT reduction test,and the expression of CD11b and CD14 were tested by FCM.Results 10-50 μg/ml PRF could inhibit the proliferation of SHI-1 cells in a time-and dose-dependent manner,and the cell cycles were arrested in S phase.When SHI-1 cells were treated with 10,30 and 50 μg/ml PRF in 48 houres respectively,the NBT reduction rates of cells were increased in a dose-dependent with PRF(P＜0.05),and the expression of cells surface differentiation antigen CD14 was also increased along with the concentration of PRF.Conclusion The SHI-1 cells could be induced to differentiation partially after treated with 10,30 and 50 μg/ml PRF in vitro.

Proteins presence and differences of the expression level can clarify the physiological or pathological changes in organisms;so the quantitative detection of proteins is vital for disease mechanism research;diagnosis and prognosis evaluation.Traditional protein quantitation methods at the tissue level reflected the average protein expression in cells;but ignore the differences between individual cells.In contrast;approaches for quantitative detection at single-cell level can better reflect the differences.Recently;a number of approaches for such detec-tion have been proposed;including microfluidics;microwell-based technology;optical fiber nanobiosensor;activity-based probe technology and mass spectrometry.The principles;advantages and drawbacks of these approaches are briefly introduced in this review.