Objective To understand the situation of prevention and control knowledge and the relevant behaviors about cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease among community residents in Guangdong Province in order to provide a basis for develop cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease prevention and control work in the future.Methods Through a randomized sampling method chose community residents participating in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases prevention and control among community residents in Guangdong Province consultation in Guangdong Province seven cities using questionnaire investigation.Results Total 1577 community residents were investigated, of which 50.4% were male, 49.6% female;the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease prevention and control knowledge different among the population with different gender, age and region, with statistic significance;according to investigation, 17.1%, 13.5% and 14.9% of the population investigated had the habit of smoking, drinking, and salty badly respectively;50.7% of population had health protection through dietary conditioning, which was 35.4% through the physical training.Conclusion Knowledge awareness situation of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases prevention and control was poor among community residents in Guangdong Province, and risk factors of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease existed in the population;health education of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases should be strengthened to change adverse behavior of community residents, develop a healthy and scientific way of life, prevent and control the disease.

OBJECTIVE To study the effect of chronic intermittent hypoxia and removal of hypoxia on learning and memory ability in Sprague-Dawley rats and the synaptophysin expression in hippocampus CA3 region.METHODS Experiments were performed on 24 three-month-old male Sprague-Dawley rats,They were randomly assigned to three experimental groups(n=8/group):unhandled control group(UC),chronic intermittent hypoxia group(CIH),and Removal of hypoxia group(RH).Rats in UC group were raised normally,those in CIH group suffered 8H intermittent hypoxia everyday,the duration of experiment was 4 weeks,and those in RH group was treated as same as those in CIH group in the first 4 weeks and were raised normally in the next 4 weeks.The learning and memory ability of rats in each group were assessed with the Morris water maze test at the end of the experiments.The expression of synaptophysin in hippocampus CA3 region was investigated by immunohistochemistry staining and image analysis.RESULTS ①Morris water maze test learning scores(place navigation):From the beginning,the escape latency in CIH rats was significantly longer than that in UC rats and RH rats(P

Objective To study the role of water exact from salvia miltiorrhiza (SM) in promoting hair regrowth in testosterone (T)-induced alopecia in mice.Methods Pathological alopecia mice were induced by T and the mice were randomly divided into control group,model group,Zhanggvanp 101 group,SM low-dose group,SM middle-dose group,SM high-dose group (20,40,80 mg/ml,respectively).The effects of SM on hair regrowth were evaluated by measuring hair length,weight and the number of hair follicle.The concentration of serum T and estrodiol (E2),the content of skin VEGF,MDA,SOD,and GSH-Px were measured after external inunctum for 21 days.Results (1) SM significantly promoted regrowth hair length,weight and the number of hair follicle (P＜0.05) (2) SM significantly balanced the hormones by reducing levels of T and increasing E2 (P＜0.05) (3) SM significantly reduced the content of MDA by increasing the activity of SOD and GSH-Px (P＜0.05) (4) SM significantly increased the level of VEGF (P＜0.05) Conclusion In the pathological alopecia mice induced by T,SM can effectively promote the hair regrowth,with the possible mechanism of balancing hormones,being anti-oxidant and improving VEGF expression.

Objective To explore species specificity of 29 Y-SNP loci and to lay the foundation for forensic application.Methods Human DNA and 8 different kinds of common animals' DNA were amplified separately by PCR.The PCR products were analyzed with PAGE.Results Twenty-three out of 29 Y-SNP loci were only amplified by the male human DNA,which indicated a good species specificity.Three loci amplified from human and some animals showed that the length of the product was different between two species.Another three loci amplified from human and animal showed that the length of the fragment was similar between human and animal.Five loci were amplified by PCR products from both male and female samples.Conclusion Most of 29 Y-SNP loci,amplified in male humans,have good species specificity and can be directly used for personal identification and paternity testing.

BACKGROUND:Mesenchymal stem cel s (MSCs) can be differentiated into vascular endothelial cel s to construct ideal blood vessel grafts in vitro that have wide prospective utility in the clinical treatment of ischemic diseases, vascular engineering and regeneration medicine.
OBJECTIVE:To review the recent research progress and related issue in biological characteristics of MSCs as wel as differentiation of MSCs isolated from different sources into vascular endothelial cel s.
METHODS:The first authors retrieved PubMed, Sciencedirect and Medline databases for relevant articles published from January 2000 to June 2015. The key words were“mesenchymal stem cel s;vascular endothelial cel;cel differentiation”in English. Initial y, 156 articles were retrieved, and final y 51 articles were included in result analysis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The MSCs sources are abundant. The research about bone marrow-derived MSCs is the earliest and maximum, but with the increasing donor age, their proliferation and differentiation ability decreases. MSCs from umbilical cord, placenta and amniotic membrane are easy to obtain, and meanwhile both neonatal and maternal does not feel any pain and psychological burden. Given these, these cel s are more acceptable for recipients, and there are no ethical, moral and legal disputes. MSCs from the umbilical cord blood are abundant with weak cel immunogenicity and low viral and bacterial contamination probability. However, the clinical application of amniotic fluid marrow-derived MSCs is limited because of its sampling methods.

Objective To evaluate the effects of patient controlled analgesia(PCEA)on the perioperative changes of circulatory and pulmonary function of elderly with hypertensions after abdominal surgery.Methods Twenty-eight patients of ASAⅡ-Ⅲ aged more than 60 years undergoing uratomy were randomly divided into two groups:control group and PCEA group.Preoperative and postoperative circulatory and pulmonary functions were measured with noninvasion circulatory monitor and pocket lung function meter respectively.Results In control group,the systolic pressure,diastolic pressure,and heart rate increased by 19%,17% and 19%,respectively,as compared with preoperation.The percentage of forced vital capacity(FVC%),percentage of forced expiratory volume in first second to forced vital capacity(FEV1%) and percentage of maximal ventilatory volume(MVV%) of postoperation in control group were significantly decreased compared with preoperation(P

Objective To investigate the genetic heterogeneity of 5’-NCR of HCV genotype 1b.Methods We selected 147 HBV genotype 1b serum samples. HCV 5’-NCR fragments were amplified from these samples by use of RT-PCR assay and sequenced after using restriction endonuclease Mbo Ⅰ and BamH Ⅰ. We analyzed the phylogenetic trees of the samples and compared them with 40 isolates of HCV genotype 1b.Results The sequencing reports indicated the isolates of HCV genotype 1b recognized by BamHⅠat position 117 by a substitution (C-T) at position 120 in HCV genotype 1b viruses in China. Of 147 samples, 17 (11.56%) samples for one BamHⅠrecognization position, 26 (17.69%) for neither BamH Ⅰ recognization position nor Mbo Ⅰ,6 samples (4.08%) for two Mbo I recognization position, 18(12.24%)for one MboⅠrecognization position.Conclusions Of 147 HBV genotype 1b serum samples, 54.42% for one Mbo I recognization position, whether this have relationship with the response to IFN therapy provide the framwork for future detailed investigation of HCV antviral therapy. There is specific BamH I recognization position in isolates of HCV genotype 1b in China as compared to the other 40 HCV 1b isolates. The role of this specific mutation needs to be further researched.

Objectives In our studies before, we reported mutation C-T at -222 of hepatitis C virus type 1b genotyped on 5′ noncoding region (5′NCR). There was no this mutation of type 1b recorded in GenBank. Since genotypiog based on 5′NCR cannot differentiate subtypes, it is necessary to investigate whether the hepatitis C virus genotype 1b strains with mutation C-T belongs to other subtypes of genotype 1. Methods 64 HCV genotype 1b samples were amplified from 5′NCR by RT-PCR.Then the products were digested by use of BamHⅠ restriction enzymes. We randomly chose 6 samples with BamHⅠ restriction site and subjected them to amplification of 5′NCR and NS5B. The sequences of 5′NCR were analyzed. Sequences of NS5B fragments from the 6 samples were respectively subjected to phylogenetic analysis with subtypes of genotype 1 and 38 complete genomes of genotype 1b from GenBank.Results The phylogenetic analysis of 6 samples and subtypes of genotype 1 indicated that the genotypes of 6 strains with BamHⅠ restriction site in 5′NCR were type 1b, instead of subtype of type 1. Tree construction with 38 complete genomes of genotype 1b showed that the 6 mutants of genotype 1b did not belong to the same branch of the tree and there were no genetic differences between the mutants and the other strains of genotype 1b.Conclusions Our research indicated that the hepatitis C virus stains of C-T in 5′NCR were mutants of type 1b. Since the 5′NCR is a highly conserved region of HCV, the mutation might have some relationship to the long-time IFN therapy.

Objective To explore the relationship between the expression levels of excision repair cross complementation group 1(ERCC1), breast cancer susceptibility gene 1(BRCA1), thymidylate synthase (TS) mRNA and clinicopathological features, prognosis in advanced colorectal cancer, and the correlation between the expression levels of ERCC1 and BRCA1. Methods The expression levels of ERCC1, BRCA1 and TS mRNA of postoperative paraffin embedded tissue were tested by real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in 49 advanced colorectal cancer cases. The results were analyzed by χ2 test of the correlation between the expression levels and clinicopathological characteristics. Patients were followed up by clinic or telephone. The prognosis was analyzed by small sample Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Log-rank time series analysis, and P<0.05 was statistically significant. Results The expression level of ERCC1 mRNA in patients with colorectal carcinoma had no obvious correlation with the clinical and pathological characteristics such as gender, age, tumor location, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, CEA and differentiation degree (P>0.05). The expression level of BRCA1 mRNA had no significant correlation with the above clinical and pathological features (P>0.05) except distant metastasis (P=0.030) and differentiation degree (P=0.002). The expression level of TS mRNA had no significant correlation with the above clinical and pathological features (P>0.05) except distant metastasis (P=0.003). The expression level of ERCC1 and BRCA1 mRNA obviously correlated (P=0.002). The 1 year overall survival rate was 95.92%(47/49);the 2 year overall survival rate was 83.67%(41/49);and the 3 year overall survival rate was 73.47%(36/49). Overall survival and progression-free survival time in ERCC1 mRNA low expression group (47.8, 41.0 months) was higher than that in ERCC1 mRNA low expression group (27.3, 20.0 months) respectively (P=0.001, P=0.001). Overall survival and progression-free survival time in BRCA1 mRNA low expression group (43.7, 42.7 months) was higher than that in BRCA1 mRNA high expression group (29.3, 25.1 months) respectively (P=0.009, 0.006). Overall survival time in TS mRNA low expression group (39.8 months) was higher than that in BRCA1 mRNA high expression group (25.2 months). Conclusions The expression level of ERCC1 mRNA is not correlated with its clinical and pathological characteristics, but with its biological characteristics. BRCA1 and TS levels are correlated with invasion and metastasis. Low levels of ERCC1 and BRCA1 expression have a better prognostic effect on platinum based first-line chemotherapy for advanced colorectal cancer, and they are correlated. Low level of TS also has longer disease-free survival. Three joint detection could be used as a prognostic factor for colorectal cancer chemotherapy.

Objective To understand and analyze the infection status of human parasites in Nanchang City, so as to offer a scientific basis for control of parasitic disease. Methods In 2014, a survey was performed according to the scheme of The 3rd National Survey of Principal Human Parasites. Intestinal parasites were surveyed among the residents in Jinxian County and Anyi County, Qingyunpu District and Qingshanhu District in Nanchang City, including the soil-transmitted nematodes (Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura and hookworm), Enterobius vermicularis, tapeworm and intestinal protozoa. Clonorchis sinensis was surveyed among the residents in Qingyunpu District and Qingshanhu District. Toxoplasma gondii was surveyed among the residents in two rural areas (Nanchang County and Xinjian County) and two urban areas (Donghu District and Xihu District). The ovums of the soil-transmitted nematodes, Clonorchis sinensis , tapeworm and other helminths were examined by the Kato-Katz, while Enterobius vermicularis among children was examined by cellophane anal swab, trophozoites and cysts of intestinal protozoa by saline smearing and iodine smearing , and IgG antibodies of Toxoplasma gondii by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results Intestinal parasites were surveyed among 2424 residents in the whole city, in which 2414 residents were tested for the infection of soil-transmitted nematodes and tapeworm;1875 residents were tested for intestinal protozoa infection;74 children were tested for eggs of Enterobius vermicularis; 539 residents were tested for Clonorchis sinensis; and 2400 residents were tested for Toxoplasma gondii. Six kinds of intestinal parasites were found citywide, with a total infection rate of 9.49% (230/2424). The infection rate of soil-transmitted nematodes was 8 . 70% ( 210/2414 ) , in which the infection rate of Ascaris lumbricoides was 0.04% (1/2414), the rate of Trichuris trichiura was 0.91% (22/2414), and of hookworm was 7.83%(189/2414). The infection rate among 3 - 6 years old children of Enterobius vermicularis was 22.97% ( 17/74 ) . Tapeworm and Clonorchis sinensis were not found . The infection rate of intestinal protozoa was 0.21%(4/1875). The positive rate of Toxoplasma gondii's IgG antibody was 5.17% (124/2400). Conclusions In Nanchang City, the infection rate of soil-transmitted nematodes (Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura) and intestinal protozoa was lower. However, the infection rates of hookworm, Toxoplasma gondii and Enterobius vermicularis among 3 - 6 years old children are increasing in local areas. That should be the focus in prevention and control of parasitic disease in the future.