OBJECTIVE:To investigate the influence of skin layers(stratum corneum and dermis)on the percutaneous absorption of drug.METHODS:We chose hydroquinone(HQ)as a model drug and carried out in vitro permeation experiment with Franz device.The in vitro transdermal permeation was compared between HQ plus isopropyl myristate(IPM)and HQ alone.RESULTS:The permeability coefficient(Kp)of HQ via split skin was 3.29 times larger than that via whole skin layer.The permeability was enhanced 4.95 times(whole skin layer)and 7.49 times(skin without stratum corneum)respectively when coexisting with IPM via intact or via split skin.CONCLUSION:These data and methods represent a novel approach to evaluate the effects of skin damage and skin disease on drug percutaneous absorption.

Acute leukemia is a common malignancy tumor in children. Hemorrhage is one of the common symptoms and causes of death. The abnormality of platelet count, quality and function can cause bleeding. The understanding of platelet function and platelet parameters can provide an important clinical information for children with acute leukemia in evaluating the effect of treatment,the function of bone mar-row and the prevention of bleeding and so on.

BACKGROUND:Constructing a three-dimensional tissue-like structure in vitro plays a critical role in modern tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Several advances have been made in the past decade. However, it is stil a chal enge to promote microvascular-like structure formation and improve limited nutritional transportation, thereby promoting cel viability.
OBJECTIVE:To explore the feasibility of constructing a three-dimensional microvascular-like structure through the co-culture technique.
METHODS:Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s and human endothelial cel s were co-cultured on a three-dimensional porous silk scaffold. Cel proliferation was analyzed by Pico-green DNA assay. Their growth profiles were evaluated by scanning electron microscope and laser scanning confocal microscopy, respectively. The mRNA levels of von Wil ebrand factor and CD31, two key functional markers of endothelial cel s, in the co-cultured endothelial cel s was assayed by real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The three-dimensional culture system constructed by the silk scaffold and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s provided an ideal microenvironment for cel growth and proliferation in vitro. Moreover, this microenvironment was capable of promoting endothelial cel differentiation evidenced by their significantly improved mRNA levels of von Wil ebrand factor and CD31. Premicrovascular-like structure was also observed in the co-cultures under the confocal microscope. Thus, al the data supported that the unique co-culture system could promote endothelial cel differentiation and self-assembling in vitro. This culture system provides a robust tool for the studies addressing microvessel-based tissue engineering.

Objective To explore the clinical application of reconstructing silicone elastomer nose prosthesis by means of selected laser sintering and wax powder PCPI. Methods Laser scanning was used to get the 3-D data of a nose model. Surfacere 10.0 etc softwares was used to reconstruct the nose by mirroring the digitalized model of absent nose. Selective laser sintering and wax powder was chosen to fabricate a wax nose model and the nose prosthesis made by silicone clastomer. Results Perfect silicone clastomer nose prosthesis was made for 2 patients. Conclusion This study suggests that the wax nose model and the new wax powder can meet the requirement of clinical expectation for maxillofacial prosthesis.

Objective: This thesis describes a pulse monitoring system based on MCU and GSM. Methods: Monitoring system is a wireless remote monitoring devices which using the SMS in GSM mobile communications network. The signal of pulse is acquisited by Acquisition Circuit, after timing and counting by MCU, pulse rate above the standard is directly transmited to family cell or Dr Mobile by GSM. Results: If the patient arises suddenly heart disease, monitor can be promptly sent to the pulse rate above the standard for family cell or Dr Mobile so that patients receive timely aid. Monitor has advantages of a wide coverage, economic and convenience. Conclusions: The monitor will greatly reduce the burden on the patient's family and hospital, This pulse monitoring system can meet with demands of service in the family and villa nursing and hospital.

Objective To investigate the related factors of central nervous system infection in patients who received invasive intracranial pressure monitoring.Methods The clinical data of 63 patients who received invasive intracranial pressure monitoring were retrospectively analyzed.Possible related factors including gender,age,disease,Glasgow coma scale score,emergency operation or selective operation,duration of the operation,drainage tube placement site,drainage tube lifetime,sensor insertion site,sensor indwelling duration,electrolytes,glucose and other complications were studied and compared retrospectively between patients with and without central nervous system infection.All data were analyzed with univariate analysis and multivariate Logistic regression analysis to identify the related factors and independent risk factors associated with central nervous system infection.Results In univariate analysis,drainage tube placement site (x2 =12.345,P =0.002),drainage tube lifetime ((2.5 ± 0.9) d and (6.3 ± 5.7) d in patients without and with central nervous system infection,respectively,t =-4.434,P =0.000),sensor insertion site (x2 =4.701,P =0.030),sensor indwelling duration ((6.5 ± 3.0) d and (8.9 ± 4.6) d in patients without and with central nervous system infection,respectively,t =-2.420,P =0.019) and other complications (x2 =13.086,P =0.000) were the relevant factors of central nervous system infection (P ＜0.05).In multivariate Logistic regression analysis,the sensor insertion site (OR =0.047,P =0.000) and other complications (OR =10.953,P =0.019) were the independent risk factors for the central nervous system infection.Conclusions There are a variety of factors related to central nervous system infection in patients with placement of intracranial pressure monitoring.The sensor insertion site and other complications were the independent risk factors for the central nervous system infection.

Objective To observe the real-time efficacy of balance acupuncture in treating primary hypertension. Method Totally 160 patients with primary hypertension were randomized into a treatment group and a control group, 80 in each group. The treatment group was intervened by balance acupuncture, while the control group was by oral administration of Captopril. The blood pressure and symptom score were observed before and after intervention. Result There were no significant differences in comparing the total effective rate at different time points between the two groups (P>0.05). There was a significant difference in comparing the headache score in male patients at 30 min after treatment between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion Balance acupuncture is an effective method in treating primary hypertension, and can release headache of the patients.

Objective To report the clinical outcomes of arthroscopic internal fixation by using anchor for tibial eminence fracture.Methods From January 2004 to January 2005,12 cases of tibial eminence were treated by arthroscopy with anchor fixation.Rehabilitation therapy was carried out after the operation.Results The mean operation time was 41 minutes(range 37 to 47).No patient had postoperative complications.They were followed up for 15 to 27 months(mean,23 months).The postoperative Lysholm score ranged from 91 to 98 with a mean of 93.The patients could extend the knee in a normal range,without pain or locking.Conclusion Arthroscopic internal fixation using anchor is a safe,simple,and effective treatment for patients with tibial eminence fracture.

[Objective] To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on the disorder of learning and memory in rats with vascular dementia (VD) and to explore its molecular mechanism. [Methods] Among 60 male SD rats, 10 rats were in sham-operation group and the other 50 rats were used to establish models of global ischemia and reperfusion by four-vessel occlusion (4-VO) method. Then the survival model rats were randomized into EA group (n = 14) , model group (n = 13) and nimotop group (n = 13). EA group was treated with EA at points of Baihui (GV20) and Dazhui (GV14) , nimotop group with nimotop 12 mg/kg, and sham-operation group and model group did not receive any treatment. After a 20-day treatment, the changes of learning and memory behavior in rats were detected by Morris water maze, as well as the protein expression and mRNA expression of heme oxygenase (HO) . [Results] The escape latent period, HO-1 protein expression and HO-1 mRNA-expression were increased obviously in model rats ( P 0.05). [Conclusion] EA can improve the learning and memory behavior in rats with VD and this may be related to the decrease of HO-1 protein expression and HO-1 mRNA-expression in cortex and hippocampal neurons.

Objective To observe the effect of electroacupuncture(EA) on long-term potentiation(LTP),calmodulin(CaM) and calmodulin protein kinase Ⅱ(CaMPKⅡ) mRNA expression in vascular dementia rats.Methods Seventy SD rats,half in male and aged 2 months,were randomized into 5 groups: normal group(N =14),pseudo-operation group(N = 14),EA group(N = 12),western medicine group(N = 12),and model group(N =12).EA group were given acup uncture on Baihui(GV20),Dazhui(GV14) and Shenshu(BL23),and western medicine group were given nimoldipine 12 mg.kg-1.d-1.The normal group,model group and pseudo-operation group were fed routinely without any medication.Escape latency and frequency of rats crossing the quadrant of the platform in Morris water maze,in-vivo hippocampal LTP,and neuronal CaM and CaMPKⅡ mRNA expression were observed.Results Compared with the model group,escape latency was shortened,frequency of rats crossing the original and left quadrants of the platform rised,LTP amplitude and duration increased,and neuronal CaM and CaMPKⅡ mRNA expression enhanced in EA group and western medicine group(P