OBJECTIVE:To investigate the influence of skin layers(stratum corneum and dermis)on the percutaneous absorption of drug.METHODS:We chose hydroquinone(HQ)as a model drug and carried out in vitro permeation experiment with Franz device.The in vitro transdermal permeation was compared between HQ plus isopropyl myristate(IPM)and HQ alone.RESULTS:The permeability coefficient(Kp)of HQ via split skin was 3.29 times larger than that via whole skin layer.The permeability was enhanced 4.95 times(whole skin layer)and 7.49 times(skin without stratum corneum)respectively when coexisting with IPM via intact or via split skin.CONCLUSION:These data and methods represent a novel approach to evaluate the effects of skin damage and skin disease on drug percutaneous absorption.

Acute leukemia is a common malignancy tumor in children. Hemorrhage is one of the common symptoms and causes of death. The abnormality of platelet count, quality and function can cause bleeding. The understanding of platelet function and platelet parameters can provide an important clinical information for children with acute leukemia in evaluating the effect of treatment,the function of bone mar-row and the prevention of bleeding and so on.

Objective To explore the clinical application of reconstructing silicone elastomer nose prosthesis by means of selected laser sintering and wax powder PCPI. Methods Laser scanning was used to get the 3-D data of a nose model. Surfacere 10.0 etc softwares was used to reconstruct the nose by mirroring the digitalized model of absent nose. Selective laser sintering and wax powder was chosen to fabricate a wax nose model and the nose prosthesis made by silicone clastomer. Results Perfect silicone clastomer nose prosthesis was made for 2 patients. Conclusion This study suggests that the wax nose model and the new wax powder can meet the requirement of clinical expectation for maxillofacial prosthesis.

BACKGROUND:Constructing a three-dimensional tissue-like structure in vitro plays a critical role in modern tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Several advances have been made in the past decade. However, it is stil a chal enge to promote microvascular-like structure formation and improve limited nutritional transportation, thereby promoting cel viability.
OBJECTIVE:To explore the feasibility of constructing a three-dimensional microvascular-like structure through the co-culture technique.
METHODS:Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s and human endothelial cel s were co-cultured on a three-dimensional porous silk scaffold. Cel proliferation was analyzed by Pico-green DNA assay. Their growth profiles were evaluated by scanning electron microscope and laser scanning confocal microscopy, respectively. The mRNA levels of von Wil ebrand factor and CD31, two key functional markers of endothelial cel s, in the co-cultured endothelial cel s was assayed by real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The three-dimensional culture system constructed by the silk scaffold and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s provided an ideal microenvironment for cel growth and proliferation in vitro. Moreover, this microenvironment was capable of promoting endothelial cel differentiation evidenced by their significantly improved mRNA levels of von Wil ebrand factor and CD31. Premicrovascular-like structure was also observed in the co-cultures under the confocal microscope. Thus, al the data supported that the unique co-culture system could promote endothelial cel differentiation and self-assembling in vitro. This culture system provides a robust tool for the studies addressing microvessel-based tissue engineering.

Objective To observe the real-time efficacy of balance acupuncture in treating primary hypertension. Method Totally 160 patients with primary hypertension were randomized into a treatment group and a control group, 80 in each group. The treatment group was intervened by balance acupuncture, while the control group was by oral administration of Captopril. The blood pressure and symptom score were observed before and after intervention. Result There were no significant differences in comparing the total effective rate at different time points between the two groups (P>0.05). There was a significant difference in comparing the headache score in male patients at 30 min after treatment between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion Balance acupuncture is an effective method in treating primary hypertension, and can release headache of the patients.

Objective To investigate the related factors of central nervous system infection in patients who received invasive intracranial pressure monitoring.Methods The clinical data of 63 patients who received invasive intracranial pressure monitoring were retrospectively analyzed.Possible related factors including gender,age,disease,Glasgow coma scale score,emergency operation or selective operation,duration of the operation,drainage tube placement site,drainage tube lifetime,sensor insertion site,sensor indwelling duration,electrolytes,glucose and other complications were studied and compared retrospectively between patients with and without central nervous system infection.All data were analyzed with univariate analysis and multivariate Logistic regression analysis to identify the related factors and independent risk factors associated with central nervous system infection.Results In univariate analysis,drainage tube placement site (x2 =12.345,P =0.002),drainage tube lifetime ((2.5 ± 0.9) d and (6.3 ± 5.7) d in patients without and with central nervous system infection,respectively,t =-4.434,P =0.000),sensor insertion site (x2 =4.701,P =0.030),sensor indwelling duration ((6.5 ± 3.0) d and (8.9 ± 4.6) d in patients without and with central nervous system infection,respectively,t =-2.420,P =0.019) and other complications (x2 =13.086,P =0.000) were the relevant factors of central nervous system infection (P ＜0.05).In multivariate Logistic regression analysis,the sensor insertion site (OR =0.047,P =0.000) and other complications (OR =10.953,P =0.019) were the independent risk factors for the central nervous system infection.Conclusions There are a variety of factors related to central nervous system infection in patients with placement of intracranial pressure monitoring.The sensor insertion site and other complications were the independent risk factors for the central nervous system infection.

Objective To study the effects of podophyllotoxin solid lipid nanoparticles (POD-SLN) on the proliferation of human epidermal cells in vitro. Methods POD-SLN was prepared by using microemulsion technique, the morphology of POD-SLN was examined by transmission electron microscope (TEM), and its particle size and Zeta potential were studied by Zetasizer analyzer. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was employed to determine the entrapment efficiency of podophyllotoxin (POD) in the nanoparticles, and its stability was observed. Human epidermal cells were treated with different concentrations (0.1-1 000 ?g/L) of POD-SLN, and the proliferation of human epidermal cells was studied at different time points after exposure (6h, 12h, 24h, 48h). The cytotoxic effects of POD-SLN, POD liposome, free POD, blank solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and control groups on human epidermal cells were assessed using a colorimetric MTT cell viability assay. Results POD-SLN displayed spherical or elliptical in shape, and it was stable. The average particle size of POD-SLN was 87.2?10.3nm, Zeta potential was 25.3?0.8mv and the entrapment efficiency of POD in the nanoparticles was 83.2%?2.5%. POD-SLN inhibited the proliferation of human epidermal cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. At the same concentration, the effect of PDP-SLN on anti-proliferation was stronger than that of POD liposome and POD. The inhibition of human epidermal cells after 48h exposure to PDP-SLN, POD liposome, and POD reached 91.05%, 77.02% and 68.46% respectively, at the highest concentration of 1000?g/L, and the IC50 were 2.11?g/L, 16.65?g/L and 101.42?g/L, respectively. Blank SLN had no effect on the proliferation of human epidermal cells. Conclusion This formulation and technology are stable and practical. POD-SLN can significantly inhibit the proliferation of human epidermal cells in vitro and the inhibitory effect was better than that of POD liposome and POD.

[Objective] To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on the disorder of learning and memory in rats with vascular dementia (VD) and to explore its molecular mechanism. [Methods] Among 60 male SD rats, 10 rats were in sham-operation group and the other 50 rats were used to establish models of global ischemia and reperfusion by four-vessel occlusion (4-VO) method. Then the survival model rats were randomized into EA group (n = 14) , model group (n = 13) and nimotop group (n = 13). EA group was treated with EA at points of Baihui (GV20) and Dazhui (GV14) , nimotop group with nimotop 12 mg/kg, and sham-operation group and model group did not receive any treatment. After a 20-day treatment, the changes of learning and memory behavior in rats were detected by Morris water maze, as well as the protein expression and mRNA expression of heme oxygenase (HO) . [Results] The escape latent period, HO-1 protein expression and HO-1 mRNA-expression were increased obviously in model rats ( P 0.05). [Conclusion] EA can improve the learning and memory behavior in rats with VD and this may be related to the decrease of HO-1 protein expression and HO-1 mRNA-expression in cortex and hippocampal neurons.

Objective: This thesis describes a pulse monitoring system based on MCU and GSM. Methods: Monitoring system is a wireless remote monitoring devices which using the SMS in GSM mobile communications network. The signal of pulse is acquisited by Acquisition Circuit, after timing and counting by MCU, pulse rate above the standard is directly transmited to family cell or Dr Mobile by GSM. Results: If the patient arises suddenly heart disease, monitor can be promptly sent to the pulse rate above the standard for family cell or Dr Mobile so that patients receive timely aid. Monitor has advantages of a wide coverage, economic and convenience. Conclusions: The monitor will greatly reduce the burden on the patient's family and hospital, This pulse monitoring system can meet with demands of service in the family and villa nursing and hospital.

[Objective]To discuss incidence of nerve root stretch injury and threshold value of traction injury in lumbar interbody fusion from posterior rout approach. [Method]Totally patients were treated by lumbar interbody fusion performed with posterior approach using the safe nerve root retractor,the force of dragging nerve root and the retracting time were showed on the display device,while the latency and amplitude of the DSEP wave were measured with Keypoint to monitor the status of the neural function.JOA scores were followed up 10 days,1 month,3 months and 12 months after operation respectively.[Result]Nineteen cases occurred latency prolongation and wave amplitude digression during the operation,when the tensile strength to nerve root was(4.1? 0.45) N and accumulating strength was(42.89?2.96) N*min.The tensile force of aggravation groups exceed stable and improvement groups obviously,incidence of FBSS was higher than the other two groups.[Conclusion]Stretch injury of nerve root during operation is the main cause of earlier period FBSS after interbody fusion.Master single tensile force less than(4.1? 0.45) N or accumulating strength less than(42.89?2.96) N*min is presumed safety.