Objective To investigate the relationship between changes in Ca2+ concentration and unit discharge in the hippocampal neurons of epileptic rats.Methods Thirty-six healthy male Wistar rats were divided into three groups. Rats of the epilepsy group received an intraperitoneal injection of benzylpenicllin sodium at 6 million unit/kg; Rats of the epilepsy pretreatment group received 20 mg/kg of flunarizine at 14 and 2 hours before injection of benzylponicllin;the control group of rats received an intraperitoneal injection of normal saline.Three groups of rats were euthanized after recording of the unit discharge,and bilateral hippocampal cells were obtained to measure the cellular concentration of Ca2+ fluorescence using the new generation Ca2+ fluorescent dye Fluo-3-AM and flow cytometry.Results (1) A total of 24 units of hippocampal discharges were recorded in the control group.The average concentration Ca2+ fluorescence of the hippocampal neurons was 37.12±5.08.(2)A total of 78 units of hippocampal discharges were recorded in the epilepsy group.The average concentration of Ca2+fluorescence of the hippocampal neurons was 52.04±6.75.(3)A total of 47 units of hippocampal discharges were recorded in the epilepsy pretreatment group. The average concentration of Ca2+ fluorescence of the hippocampal neurons was 37.79±3.09.The correlation coefficient between the average concentration of Ca2+ fluorescence of the hippocampal neurons and the number of units of hippocampal discharge ( r=0.737,P＜0.01).Conclusion There is a positive correlation between changes in average concentration of Ca2+ fluorescence of the hippocampal neurons and the numbers of units of hippocampal discharge.

Objective To study the expression and clinical meaning of tight junctions protein regulator PKC θ in human meningioma tissue.Method The expression of PKC θ in 30 non-invasion and 30 invasion meningioma tissue is tested by using immunohistochemistry S-P method,with the goal of analyzing the relationship between the expression of PKC θ and pathology character.Results The positive rate ofPKC θ in invasion meningioma tissue is obviously lower than in non-invasion meningioma tissue.The difference is significant(P<0.05)Conclusions The lower expression of PKC θ in invasion meningioma tissue pmbably affects occurrence and invasion of the meningioma by ehang4ng the structure and function of TJs.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of sufentanil combined with propofol for video-assisted endoscopic transthoracic sympathectomy.Methods Twenty ASA I or II patients of both sexes aged 17-40 yr weighing 52-75 kg undergoing video-assisted endoscopic transthoracic sympathectomy were enrolled in this study.Anesthesia was induced with propofol 2.0-2.5 mg/kg and sufentanil 0.5 μg/kg.Tracheal intubation was facilitated with atracurium 0.6 mg/kg.The patients were mechanically ventilated (VT=8-10 ml/kg,RR=10-12 bpm,I:E =1:2,FiO2=80%).Anesthesia was maintained with infusion of propofol 2-4 mg·kg-1·h-1 and sufentsnil 0.2-0.3/.μg·kg-1 h-1 and intermittent iv boluses of atracurium.At the 30 rain before the end of operation propofol infusion was reduced to 1-2 mg.kg-1·h-1 and sufentanil infusion to 0.1 μg·kg-1 h-1 .BP (SP,DP) and HR were recorded and venous blood samples were taken before induction of anesthesia (baseline),at tracheal intubation at the moment of CO2 insnfflation 10 min and 30 min after CO2 insufflation,5 min after deflation and at extubation for determination of plasma corticesteroid,aldosterone and glucose levels.The duration from termination of infusion of the anesthetics to recovery of spontaneous breathing,eye opening at command and tracheal extubation were recorded.Results SP,DP and HR were within the normal range.Plasma levels of comcesteroid,aldosterone and blood glucose were significantly increased during operation as compared with the baseline values.The duration from termination of infusion of the anesthetics to recovery of spontaneous breathing,eye opening at command and tracheal extubation were4.5±1.9,6.4±2.7 and (12.6±1.5)min respectively.Conclusion Sufentanil 0.1-0.3 μ·kg-1·h-1 combined with propofol 1-4 mg·kg-1.h-1 can inhibit stress response during video-assisted endoscopic transthoracic sympathectomy with stable hemodynamics.

To investigate relationship between birth-weight of parents and fetal macrosomia and its genetic susceptibility. A case-control study with 237 macrosomia and 257 normal birth-weight babies was conducted to retrospectively analyze their parents' birth weight and mothers' conditions during pregnancy. Multivariate non-conditional logistic regression analysis showed that risk of macrosomia increased with increase in maternal birth-weight (OR = 1. 707, 95% CI: 1. 145 - 2. 545) and paternal birth-weight (OR = 1.979, 95%CI:1.306 -2.998). Macrosomia is fetal obesity and related to multi-gene susceptibility with heritability of 74.48%. Maternal effect on macrosomia may come from her obesity gene and intrauterine condition, while paternal effect mainly exhibits by his obesity gene carriage.

Objective:To analyze and compare the results and precision of three different methods to measure the surface dose of Intra-operative radiotherapy,and conclude some experience of clinical application in Intra- operative radiotherapy.Methods:The study compared the results of measurement surface dose in phantom through three ways:cylindrical ionization chamber with 3D water scanner,plane-parallel ionization chamber,and MOSFET detector.Results:the measurement results of plane-parallel-chamber and MOSFET detector have a better consistency,and the maximum deviation is -1.13%.The method with cylindrical ionization chamber and 3D water scanner has larger deviation compare to the other two methods,the deviation range from-5.55%to 4.55%.Conclusion:The methods of plane-parallel chamber and MOSFET detector to measure the surface dose of Intra-operative radiotherapy can obtain accurate results.

The similarity and difference between stationary and mobile electronic linear accelerators in intra-operative radiation therapy are introduced. The contents and methods of quality assurance for stationary and mobile electronic linear accelerators and the key points to deliver intra-operative radiation therapy are described.

Objective To monitor epidemiological distribution and antibiotic resistance of bacteria isolated from cerebral spinal fluid in neurosurgically treated patients. Methods Bacteria isolated from cerebral spinal fluid specimens and antibiotic resistance identification results of patients admitted into our department from January 2003 to December 2007 were collected to analyze distribution and antibiotic resistance of the pathogens. Results Of 437 isolates, Gram-positive bacilli and Gram-negative bacilli accounted for 73.5% (321 isolates) and 26.5% ( 116 isolates), respectively. The first five most fre-quently isolated pathogens were staphylococcus epidermidis (55.6%), staphylococcus aurens (15. 3% ), enterobacter (6.6%), aeinetobacter (5.3%) and pseudomonas aeruginosa (3.0%). The anti-bacterials with highest susceptibility to Gram-negative bacilli were imipenem ( 83.9% ), amikacin ( 68. 8% ), ciprofloxacin and tobramycin (67.4%), cefepime (61.3%) and ceftazidime (69.2%). The other antibacterials had susceptibility of less than 60%. Conclusions The prevailing pathogens in post-operative intracranial infection are Gram-pnsitive bacilli, especially staphylococcus epidermidis and staphylococcus anreu. Data collected in present study may provide valuable information for prophylactic and empirical antibiotic use in post-operative intracranial infection.

Objective To evaluate the histocompatibility of novel manufactured xenogenic tendon matrix materials by an animal experimental study.Methods The study was conducted on 15 dogs,weighing 10-13 kg.The prepared xenogenic tendon matrix materials were implanted into the bilateral area of spine in dogs subcutaneously (experimental group),and the implantation of silicon served as control group.The animals were killed 14,30,60 days after surgery and the specimens were processed in laboratory to receive gross and histology observation.The histological sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and analyzed by light microscopy.Scores were assigned to the inflammatory process and statistically compared by two related samples with non-parametric test.Results All dogs survived well during the embedded test.There was no tissue necrosis,effusion or inflammation at all implantation sites in both groups during the test.The xenogenic implant materials promoted slight to moderate inflammation process after 14 days,with no statistically significant difference compared to the control.However,after 30 days,there was a regression of inflammation.After 60 days,it was observed the presence of well-organized connective tissue,and few inflammatory cells.Score evaluation of inflammation response at different time after operation of two groups showed no statistically significant difference (P＞0.05).Conclusions The new xenogenic tendon matrix materials are considered biocompatible with subcutaneous tissue.

OBJECTIVE: To prepare podophyllotoxin-loaded solid lipid (PPT-SLN) gel and establish its quality control method. METHODS: With stearic acid, stearylamine, soybean lecithin as cosurfactant and PPT as principal agent, PPT-SLN suspension was prepared by the method of emulsion evaporation and solidification at a low temperature, then prepared into PPT-SLN gel with carbomer used as gel matrix. The physicochemical properties of the preparation were investigated, the content and entrapment efficiency of PPT were determinated by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), respectively. The stability of the preparation was investigated as well. RESULTS: PPT-SLN gel appeared as lacte translucent semisolid, with its property and test results all in conformity with the related specification in Chinese Pharmacopoia (2005 edition). The nanoparticles were well-distributed in round or oval shape, with an average particle size of (105.3?34.7) nm, entrapment efficiency of 72.5% and pH value of (7.2?0.3). The preparation was stable within 6 months under room temperature. CONCLUSION: The preparation technology of PPT-SLN gel is feasible and its quality is controlable.