The distribution of C_3 phenotype frequencies in the Han population in Cheng-du area was studied by means of cellulose acetate electrophoresis followed byimmunofixation.In 400 unrelated healthy individuals three C_3 phenotypes weredemonstrated.Their frequencies were as follows:SS=397,FS=2 and SSvar=1.Their gene frequencies were as follows:C_3~S=0.9963,C_3~F=0.0025 and C_3~(svar)=0.0013.The C_3 phenotype frequencies were in good agreement with those expec-ted.C_3 phenotyping in the huma bloodstains kept at 37℃ and room temp-lasserature for two days,at 4℃ for 23 days(cotton bloodstains)and for 35 days(g-bloodstains),and -20℃ for at least 87 days could be performed.C_3 ph-enotypingin human serum could be performed at roon temperature for 3 days,as 4℃ for 13days and at -20℃ for at least 106 days.C_3 phenotyping was usedin five casesof paternity dispute.

OBJECTIVETo resolve the problem of the accuracy and standardization of short tandem repeat-polymerase chain reaction (STR-PCR) typing in forensic practice, the authors have designed a new method of producing standard D12S391 allelic ladder.

METHODSNine different PCR amplified D12S391 allelic fragments were isolated from the gel, eluted into the distilled water and re-amplified by PCR. The purified allelic fragments were then blunt-end subcloned individually into the pUC plasmid vectors and transfected into competent E.coli DH5 alpha(TM) cells. The sequencing results confirmed that the size and the structure of the inserts were correct. The recombinant plasmids DNA with 9 inserts were then used as templates for PCR re-amplification to generate D12S391 standard ladder.

RESULTSWith the ladder, the authors studied the genetic polymorphisms of D12S391 locus in six populations (German, Japanese and Chinese south-western Han, northern Han, Weiwu'er and Hui populations), and the respective primary data in the six populations were obtained. D12S391 locus showed high polymorphism in all six populations, and its exclusion power and discrimination power are 0.609-0.786 and 0.940-0.952 respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe results demonstrate that the standard ladder generated via this method is excellent, and D12S391 locus is robust for genetic research and forensic application.

Alleles ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; China ; European Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Forensic Medicine ; Genetics, Population ; Germany ; Humans ; Japan ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Tandem Repeat Sequences ; genetics

BACKGROUND:Resection of femoral neck in the conventional total hip replacement greatly influences the equilibrium of forces jn the proximal fetour and causes disequilibrium of bone reconstruction,easily resulting in bone absorption,prosthesis loosening and dislocation.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the biocompatibility between materials and host in the total hip replacement with femoral neck preserved.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:A retrospective case analysis was performed in the Department of Orthopedics,the 180 Hospital of Chinese PLA between September 2000 and December 2006.PARTICIPANTS:Twenty-five patients.10 males,15 females,aged 47 years old(range 31-56 years old)were recruited for this study.Twelve patients suffered from femoral head necrosis-caused hip joint disease and osteoarthrosis(bilaterally affected in 5 patients),eight femoral head necrosis(femoral head necrosis subsequent to femoral neck fracture healing in 2 patients),three acetabular dysplasia necrosis of femoral head,and two infra-head femoral neck fracture nonunion.The course of disease averaged 6 years old ranging from 2-10 years.METHODS:Modified hip ioint posterior approach was used to expose the hip joint.Femoral head was resected from the femoral head-neck iuncture.Cartilago acetabularis was stripped and then artificial acetabulum was installed.Femoral proximal medullary cavity was expanded.Artificial femoral head was installed.Finally,all artificial joints were reduced.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:(1)Biocompatibility between prosthesis and host.(2)Function recovery of hip joint.RESULTS:All wounds were primarily healed.Patients were followed up for 0.5-6 years on average.Follow-up results demonstrated good hip joint motion and normal walking gait.X-ray showed well-positioned artificial hip joint,absence of prosthesis loosening and dislocation,as well as good femoral neck sclerotin.CONCLUSl0N:The preservation of femoral neck in total hip replacement is fit to the physiological compliance of proximal femar and prevents osteoporosis-induced prosthesis loosening and dislocation in the proximal femur.

OBJECTIVETo acquire the population genetic data of fifteen short tandem repeat (STR) loci in Chengdu Han population.

METHODSA total of 210 EDTA-blood specimens were collected from the unrelated individuals in Chengdu Han population. The DNA samples were extracted with Chelex method and amplified by multiplex PCR technique. The PCR products were analyzed by an automatic genetic analyzer; the relative fragment's lengths of PCR products were calculated by gene scan analysis software and afterward genotyped by genotype software.

RESULTSFifteen STR loci of the 210 samples showed a successful result of genotyping. The heterozygosities of the fifteen STR loci in Chengdu Han population were found to be 0.529-0.881; the combined exclusion probability and discrimination power for the fifteen STR loci in Chengdu Han population were determined to be 0.999998 and 7.3 x 10 (-17); respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe distinct genotype of fifteen STR loci and the sex of sample could be unveiled just through PCR and electrophoresis once, and a higher measured value could be obtained for both the combined discrimination power and the exclusion probability; the fifteen STR loci can meet the needs of the parentage testing and personal identification in forensic medicine.

Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; China ; Gene Frequency ; Genotype ; Humans ; Microsatellite Repeats ; genetics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; genetics