ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between autoimmune thyroid disorders (AITD) and thyroid cancer (TC) in children.Methods Clinical date from 68 patients who underwent thyroidectomy and were histologically conifrmed with TC were retrospectively analyzed from 2000 to 2008. Age, gender, nodular size, lymph node metastasis, and invasive status of thyroid cancer were compared between patients with and without AITD.Results In 68 patients with TC, 45.6% (31/68) patients had concurrent AITD. Compared with those without AITD, a greater female preponderance, older age, smaller tumour size, higher TSH values, higher TG values, shorter survival time, lower disease free survival rate, and higher relapse rate were found in patients with AITD (P<0.05).Conclusions AITD are associated with TC in children. Follow-up is suggested in children with AITD.

ObjectiveTo investigate the expression levels of the type Ⅰ IFN system in muscle and lung of experimental autoimmune myositis (EAM) model and to evaluate whether the type Ⅰ IFN system associates with the pathogenesis of the EAM model in rats.MethodsThe EAM model was established to determine creatine kinase (CK) in blood serum.The pathology of muscle and lung tissue was examined by hematoxylin-eosin staining.The concentration of type Ⅰ IFN system mRNA in muscle and lung tissue was detected by real-time PCR.ResultsThe concentration of CK in model group [(209.17 ±91.95) IU/L]was significantly higher than that of two control groups(P ＜0.05).The scores of muscle and lung in EAM model were significantly higher than that of control groups (all P ＜ 0.05).The expression levels of the type Ⅰ IFN system in muscle of EAM model were significantly higher than that of control groups(all P ＜0.05).The expression levels of the type Ⅰ IFN system in muscle with EAM model were positively correlated with CK and the scores of muscle (all P ＜ 0.05).The expression levels of IFNα, IFNβ, IFNαR1, signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1), myxovirus resistance protein 1 (MX1) in lung of EAM model were significantly higher than those of control groups(P ＜ 0.05), but not seen in INF-induced protein with tetratricopetide repeats 1 (IFIT1) and IFN-stimulated gene 15 (ISG15).The expression levels of IFNα, IFNβ, IFNαR1, STAT1 and MX1 in lung with EAM model were positively correlated with the scores of lung pathology (all P ＜ 0.05).ConclusionThe type Ⅰ IFN system probably played a crucial role in the pathogenesis and the pathology of muscle and lung of EAM modeL

Objective Explore the differences in effectiveness and safety between endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) and endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) for early esophageal cancer (EEC).Methods Papers published from January 1990 to December 2012 in Medline,Embase,Cochrane library,Wanfang,VIP and CNKI were searched in English and Chinese respectively to identify the studies comparing ESD with EMR for EEC.Meta-analysis for each outcome of the included studies that were identified by the inclusion criteria and the exclusion criteria was conducted using software Revman 5.1.Outcome measures consisted of three effectiveness-relevant measures (rates of en bloc resection,curative resection,local recurrence) and four safety-relevant measures (bleeding,perforation,stenosis and operation time).Results A total of 8 non-randomized retrospective cohort studies (five full-text and three abstracts) were included.Meta-analysis showed significantly higher rates of en bloc resection [98.36％ (360/366) vs.41.79％ (252/603),P ＜ 0.01],curative resection [90.81％ (168/185) vs.50.65 ％ (194/383),P ＜ 0.01] and perforation [4.51％ (21/466) vs.1.25％ (8/640),P =0.03] in ESD group compared with EMR group,and the rate of local recurrence was significantly lower in ESD group [0.55％ (2/366) vs.13.76％ (83/603),P ＜0.01].There were no significant differences in the rates of bleeding [0.21％ (1/466) vs.0.63％(4/640),P =0.41] or stenosis [10.48％ (39/372) vs.10.15％ (41/404),P =0.89].Conclusion Compared with EMR,ESD showed obvious advantages of effectiveness and resemble risks for endoscopic resection of EEC,therefore ESD should be the first choice for endoscopic treatment of EEC.

Objective To select omeprazole content changes smaller with dispensing method and to seek for rationality of off-label uses.Methods To measure content change of omeprazole sodium for injection mixed by different subscriptions at different time through HPLC, and compared effect of different dispensing methods on content of omeprazole sodium for injection.Results 10 mL 0.9%sodium chloride injection was chosed as dissolvent,the change of omeprazole sodium for injection content would be minor, and stability of drug solution was superior.Conclusion Dispensing methods of drug impact on its'security and validity, which is part of discuss category about medicine rational use as well.Off-label uses could not vest in unreasonable use, which should contingent on specific document,data and actual environment of medical treatment.

Objective To investigate the value of MR DWI in the detection of early acute sacroiliitis in patients with spondyloarthritis(SpA).Methods The data of sacroiliac joint MRI were retrospectively analyzed in fifty-nine patients with inflammatory low back pain and negative plain radiographs and/or CT.T1WI,T2WI,short tau inversion recovery (STIR) and DWI images were obtained in all cases.Contrast-enhanced T1WI with fat suppression (FST1WI) images were obtained in 28 patients and follow-up MRI examinations were performed during treatment in 7 cases.Acute inflammatory lesion was defined as hyperintense signal located in subchondral or periarticular regions on STIR images and or on enhanced FST1WI.Cases were divided into acute inflammation group and non-inflammation group.Comparison was performed among STIR,enhanced FST1WI and DWI in the detection of acute inflammation by using Chi-square test.Mean ADC value was obtained from normal and inflammatory areas in acute inflammation group and from subchondral bone marrow in non-inflammation group,and t test was used for comparison of ADC values.Results Acute inflammation existed in 38 cases (72 sacroiliac joints) and acute inflammatory lesions displayed as high signal on DWI in 35 cases (67 sacroiliac joints).STIR,enhanced FST1WI and DWI showed no significant difference in the detection of acute sacroilliitis (37/38,38/38,36/38,respectively;x2=0.16,P=0.923).ADC values measured from acute inflammatory areas were significantly higher than values measured from normal area in acute inflammation group [(1.087± 0.207)× 10-3 and (0.537±0.091) × 10-3mm2/s],and values measured from subchondral bone marrow in non-inflammation group [(0.487±0.112) × 10-3mm2/s],there were significant difference (t values were 14.971 and 12.289,P＜0.01).ADC values were similar between normal area in acute inflammation group and subchondral bone marrow in non inflammation group (t=1.874,P=0.066).ADC values were (1.018±0.266) × 10-3 and (0.706±0.164) ×10-3mm2/s before and after the treatment (t=5.312,P＜0.01).Conclusions DWI is a sensitive method to display acute inflammatory lesions in sacroiliac joints.ADC values can be effectively used to quantify inflammatory lesions in acute sacroilliitis as well as in the evaluation of efficacy of treatment.

Objective To observe the effect and mechanism of extracts of Liangxue Tongyu Recipe(LTR) on acute cerebral hemorrhage rats. Methods Twelve SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group, model group, LTR water-extract group and LTR alcohol-extract group. Rats of sham operation group were injected with 2μL of normal saline into the left caudate nucleus, and rats of the other groups were injected with 2μL (0.25 U/ μL) of type Ⅶ collagenase into the left caudate nucleus to induce the model of acute cerebral hemorrhage. And then the rats of LTR groups were given intra-gastric gavage of LTR water-extract or LTR alcohol-extract. At the end of the experiment, we observed the macroscopic features of rat brain, pathological changes in rat brain under microscope after HE staining, awake time, rectal temperature, neurobehavioral scores and serum-specific enolase (NSE) level. Results Rats except for the sham operation group had various degrees of right hemiplegia symptoms, and the symptoms became severest on the third day of experiment. LTR alcohol-extract group and water-extract group had an effect on improving neurobehavioral scores, shortening awake time, and decreasing rectal temperature and serum NSE level of model rats. Conclusion LTR alcohol-extract and water-extract can relieve acute cerebral hemorrhage induced by type Ⅶcollagenase .

Objective To investigate the relationship between serum uric acid (SUA) levels and insulin secretion and insulin re-sistance in subjects with different glucose loads .Methods Totally 389 patients met the requirements ,and the subjects underwent o-ral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) to measure fasting SUA ,OGTT 0 ,30 ,60 ,120 min glucose (GLU) and insulin (INS) .According to the results of OGTT ,the subjects were divided into normal glucose tolerance group (NGT group ,n= 88) ,pre diabetes group (preDM group ,n=109) and diabetes mellitus (DM group ,n= 182) ,the insulin secretion index (IGI) ,120 min insulin secretion (AUC INS120/AUC GLU120 ) ,insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) and Matsuda index were calculated .Calculated the quartile of SUA to divide the subjects to four groups ,the levels of insulin secretion and insulin resistance were compared between different glu-cose loading groups at different levels of SUA .The linear regression equation between SUA and insulin secretion and HOMA-IR was calculated .Results The SUA in DM group was lower than that of PreDM group [(346 .66 ± 90 .60)mmol/L vs .(367 .36 ± 92 .34)mmol/L] ,but slightly higher than that of NGT group[(339 .34 ± 89 .51)mmol/L] ,the difference was statistically significant (P<0 .01) .The IGI index and AUC INS120/AUC GLU120 index of DM group decreased with the increase of SUA (P<0 .01) ,and the Matsuda index decreased with the increase of SUA level (P<0 .05) .The linear equation of SUA and the IGI ,AUC INS120/AUC GLU120 ,HOMA-IR ,Matsuda index was Y=4 .050+0 .144X ,Y=2 .343+0 .206X ,Y =1 .288+0 .176X ,Y=129 .373-0 .202X re-spectively .Conclusion SUA was significantly associated with insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity .Insulin secretion in group DM increased with increasing SUA levels ,and insulin sensitivity decreased with increasing SUA levels .The linear equation of SUA and insulin secretion ,insulin sensitivity may be used to assess insulin function .