AIM: To examine the effect of cholecystokinin-octapeptide (CCK-8) on focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury and its underlying mechanisms. METHODS: By using the suture model of focal cerebral ischemia and reperfusion, the effects of intracerebroventricular (icv) injection of CCK-8 and proglumide, nonselective CCK receptors antagonist, on the infarct size, regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF), and the levels of nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA) were observed in different brain regions of rats subjected to 1 h focal cerebral ischemia followed by 24 h reperfusion. RESULTS: (1) pretreatment with different doses of CCK-8 (0.3 ?g,1.0 ?g,2.0 ?g or 4.0 ?g) could attenuate the infarct size, but the statistically significant effects of CCK-8 were obtained only at the doses of 1.0 ?g and 2.0 ?g(P

Objective To compare the serum anti-survivin antibody levels between benign and malignant lung tumor,thus to provide evidence for using anti-survivin antibody as an indicator in non-small cell lung cancer.Methods ELISA was used to measure the level of anti-survivin antibody in healthy population(control group,n=60),benign lung tumor patients(benign lung tumor group,n=60) and non-small cell lung cancer patients(non-small cell lung cancer group,n=60). Results The anti-surviving antibody did not express 11.7%(7/60) in the control group and almost no expression 20.0%(12/60) in the benign lung tumor group,with no significant difference between the two groups(P＞0.05).In the non-small cell lung cancer group,the anti-survivin antibody expressed in 41 patients,which was significantly higher than those in the benign lung tumor group(x2=38.352,P＜0.01).Conclusion Anti-survivin antibody does not express in the healthy population and the benign lung tumor patients,whereas shows high expression in non-small cell lung cancer.This finding indicates that anti-survivin antibody can provide important evidence for non-small cell lung cancer diagnosis,and can be used as an indicator for non-small lung cancer screening.

Objective To explore the correlation of chemosensitivity in vitro of anti-cancer drugs between peripheral blood lymphocytes and tumor cells in non-small cell lung cancer of elderly patients.Methods The MTT method was used to test the sensitivity of the peripheral blood lymphocyte and the tumor cells of 52 patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer to 13 kinds of anti-cancer drugs.Results The sensitivity test in eleven drugs include CDDP,CBP,LOHP,PTX,CTX,ICTX,THP,VP-16,GEM,VCR and NVB in the peripheral blood lymphocyte were associated with that in the tumor cells.But no dependablity in two drugs,ADM and HCPT.Conclusion The peripheral blood lymphocytes could be replace tumor cells to test the chemosensitivity of anti-cancer drugs in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.

Objective To investigate the effectiveness of endovascular technique in treatment of acute arterial hemorrhage of abdominal organs.Methods Totally 159 cases (145 patients) acute arterial hemorrhage of abdominal organs were enrolled.All patients underwent emergency transarterial angiography.Endovascular treatment by spring coil,gelatin sponge,or covered stent were in 40 cases.The success rate of immediate and long-term hemostasis was judged by the postoperative radiography,symptoms and the changes of vital signs and laboratory results.Results The positive signs in angiography were observed in 47 among the total 159 cases (47/159,29.56％).Seventy-seven postoperative hemorrhage cases underwent angiography and 29 cases (29/77,37.66 ％) were positive,82 non-operative hemorrhage cases underwent angiography and 18 cases (18/82,21.95％) were positive.The difference was statistical significant (P＜0.05).Endovascular treat ment were performed in 40 cases (33 by spring coils,4 by gelatin sponge and 3 by covered stent).Hemorrhages were con trolled immediately in all the 40 cases after embolization and the success rate were 100％.Conclusion Endovascular tech nique is minimal invasive,and it is an effective method for treatment of acute arterial hemorrhage in abdominal organs.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) combined with transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) for treating of hepatic metastasis. Methods From Mar. 2005 to Oct. 2010, 22 males and 14 females with hepatic metastasis were enrolled in this study. Mean age of the patients was 63±12 (42-82) years. Tumor size was (4.5±2.4) cm (min.1.5 cm, max. 12.0 cm). Totally 47 lesions were treated with single metastasis in 29 cases and multiple ones in 7 cases. All cases were failed to chemotherapy or could not stand for the side effect of chemotherapy. Contrast enhanced CT scan was given to all patients before RFA+TACE. For lesions with rich blood supply, TACE was given and then RFA. For those with poor blood supply, RFA was given first and then TACE. For multiple lesions, RFA+TACE was given one by one for each lesion. As for follow up, ultrasound and blood check was given monthly. Enhanced CT scan was given every 3 month. For residual lesions or recurrent lesions, RFA+TACE were given repeatedly. The whole patients was divided into two groups according to the image follow up including complete ablation group and partial ablation group. For complete ablation group, no further treatment was given. For partial ablation group, if it was not suitable for further RFA, repeated TACE was given there after. The end point of follow up was death event. Survival of the whole group and the two subgroups was analyzed statistically by Kaplan-Meier method. Results All RFA procedures was given under intravenous anesthesia and local anesthesia, no severe complication was noted. Lesions in 16 patients were completely ablated after single or multiple sections of RFA+TACE. Twenty patients were in the partially ablated group. Follow up time was 25±10 (10-40) months. Twenty-three patients died and 13 kept alive during the follow up time. The estimated median survival time was 27 month (95%CI: 24-32 months). Survival ration at 1, 2, 3 years for the whole group was 91.7%(33/36),55.5%(20/36),36.1%(13/36) for the whole group. The 3 years survival for complete and partial ablation group was 75.0%(12/16),5.0%(1/20),there was a significant difference between the two groups(P<0.01). Conclusion For patients with hepatic metastasis, RFA+TACE can effectively control the local lesion. Complete ablation is the key point for a better survival.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of heparanase in nasopharyngeal carcinoma and the relationship between the expression of it and clinically pathological features of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. METHOD: The expression of heparanase protein in 70 cases of nasopharyngeal carcinomas and 10 cases of normal nasopharyngeal tissues was detected by immunohistochemical staining. The date of expression combined clinical features, which included clinical stage, cervical lymph node metastasis rate, the rate of metastasis and recurrence, combination of, the 5-year survival rate, and other analysis, was analyzed. RESULT: The positive rate of heparanase protein in cancerous tissues was 52.9% (37/70), while it was 0% in normal nasopharyngeal tissues. The positive rates of heparanase protein in patients were 30.0% (6/20) in stage I, 45.80% (11/24) in stage II, 70.6% (12/17) in stage III, 88.9% (8/9) in stage IV respectively. Heparanase positive tumors were associated with a higher incidence of lymph node metastasis (67.4%, 31/46) than heparanase negative ones (25.0%, 6/24). The rate of distant metastasis and regional recurrence in the heparanase positive group was 48.6% (18/37), but only 15.2% (5/ 33) in the heparanase negative group. The cumulative survival of patients in the heparanase negative group at 5 years was 78.8% (26/33), but only 24.3% (9/37) in the heparanase positive group. The clinical stage of disease, lymph node metastasis, the rate of distant metastasis and regional recurrence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma were correlated with positive expression of heparanase protein. CONCLUSION: The expression of HPA was associated with invasion and metastasis and prognosis of nasopharyngeal cancer, and it may be a new target for the anti-treatment of nasopharyngeal cancer. (P < 0.01), and heparanase expression level inversely correlated with the patient survival (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION Heparanase may play important roles in the invasive infiltration, metastasis, and prognosis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma, clearly indicating that heparanase is a possible target for anticancer drug development.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Glucuronidase ; metabolism ; Humans ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Neoplasm Staging ; Prognosis ; Survival Rate ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the effect of the number of sentinel lymph node (SLN) dissection on prediction of non-sentinel lymph node (nSLN) metastasis in SLN biopsy in patients with early-stage breast cancer. Methods A retrospective analysis of clinical and pathological data of 82 patients with early-stage breast cancer who underwent SLN biopsy and axillary lymph node dissection in the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Shanxi Medical University from January 2015 to December 2016 was conducted, and the univariate analysis and logistic multivariate regression analysis were performed to analyze the influencing factors of nSLN metastasis. Results Univariate analysis showed that nSLN metastasis was associated with histological grade (χ2 = 10.114, P= 0.006), vascular invasion (χ2 = 12.381, P< 0.01), and the number of positive SLN ≥2 (χ2=13.734, P<0.01), however, it was not related to patient's age, tumor size, SLN metastasis rate, molecular subtype and pathological type (all P>0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that the number of positive SLN≥2 was an independent influencing factor of nSLN metastasis (OR= 4.145, P= 0.015). Conclusions Surgeons need to ensure that the number of SLN dissection is > 2 when the SLN biopsy is performed in patients with breast cancer. When the number of positive SLN is≥2, the risk of nSLN metastasis increases.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of Guizhi Mahuang Geban Decoction combined with conventional western medicine in the treatment of post infections cough (PIC), and to explore the mechanism.Methods:A total of 100 PIC patients in our hospital from January 2020 to July 2021 who met the inclusion criteria were divided into 2 groups according to the random number table method, with 50 in each group. The control group was treated with conventional western medicine, and the study group was treated with Guizhi Mahuang Geban Decoction and the treatment of the control group. Both groups were treated for 10 days. TCM symptom scores were performed before and after treatment. The levels of neurokinin A (NKA), substance P (SP), neurokinin B (NKB) and calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) were detected by ELISA. Adverse events were recorded and clinical effects were evaluated.Results:The total clinical effective rate was 90.0% (45/50) in the study group and 68.0% (34/50) in the control group, and there was significant difference between the two groups ( χ2=7.29, P=0.007). The scores of cough, expectoration, pharyngeal itch and total score in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( t values were 8.04, 6.30, 9.03, 9.71, all Ps<0.01). After treatment, NKA [(86.08±18.21) ng/L vs. (137.68±28.29) ng/L, t=10.85], SP [(54.23±11.28) ng/L vs. (71.75±15.34) ng/L, t=6.51], NKB [(96.15±20.19) ng/L vs. (149.84±30.22) ng/L, t=10.45], CGRP [(62.93±18.35) ng/L vs. (89.59±23.25) ng/L, t=6.37] levels in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( P<0.01). The incidence of adverse events was 8.0% (4/50) in the control group and 10.0% (5/50) in the study group, and there was no significant difference between the two groups ( χ2=0.13, P=0.727). Conclusions:Compared with western medicine alone, Guizhi Mahuang Geban Decoction combined with western medicine can rapidly improve patients' symptoms, improve curative effect and have better safety for PIC. Its mechanism may be related to the regulation of NKA, SP, NKB and CGRP levels.

Objective:To assess the long-term outcome and influencing factors of laparoscopic Heller myotomy plus Dor fundoplication(LHM+ Dor) for achalasia by a single operator.Methods:Fifty-four patients who underwent LHM+ Dor consecutively from January 2011 to December 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Those who had already undergone surgical or endoscopic myotomy and who were complicated with cancer were ruled out. Symptom inquiry and esophagogram were conducted both before and after surgery for assessing surgical results. Esophagoscopy, esophageal manometry and 24 h pH monitoring were performed before surgery, and the effects of these preoperative factors on the long-term outcome were analyzed.Results:All patients had dysphagia for average 6.5 years, ranging from 0.5-30.0 years. Intra-operative mucosal perforation occurred in 4(7.4%) patients, and there were no postoperative morbidity and mortality. At a median follow-up of 5.2 years, the morbidity of dysphagia decreased from 100% before surgery to 5.5% after surgery( P<0.001), Eckardt scores from 4.85±1.64 to 0.71±1.08( P=0.000). After surgery, 94.4% of patients had excellent and good relief of symptoms and good control of gastroesophageal reflux, the morbidity of heartburn being 3.7%. At 5 years after surgery, the probability of being symptoms free(Eckardt score≤1) was 91.7% in patients without preoperative night cough, compared to 54.6% in those with preoperative night cough( P=0.047). The probability was 92.3% in patients with grade Ⅰ and Ⅱ dilation of the esophagus and 79.0% in patients with grade Ⅲ and Ⅳ dilation( P=0.027). At multivariate analysis, heavier esophageal dilation was the independent predicator for poor symptom control after surgery. Conclusion:LHM+ Dor can be safely performed and durably relieve achalasia symptoms. Severe esophageal dilation before surgery is an independent predictor of a poor response to surgery.

Objective To evaluate the probability of siblings identification in Identifiler system by using the software of automatic analysis.Methods Using the software of automatic analysis in siblings jdentification.STP genetic typing of 151 pairs of full siblings and 31224 pairs of unrelated individuals from manual simulation were analyzed in 15 STR loci of ldentifiler system.Results Kin probability(W_(FS))of 39.07% full siblings were more than 99.999% while W_(FS) of unrelated individual pairs were 0% .W_(FS) of 60.93% full siblings and 21.3% unrelated individual pairs were all at the range from 99.999% to 1% .W_(FS) of 78.7% unrelated individual pairs 0% full siblings individuals were less than 1% .Therefore,there were notability difference between full siblings and unrelated individual pairs.In addition,testing of 15 STR loci of Identifiler system,it suggested that the pair were siblings when the locus number of the entirely-same is not less than 5 or that of the entirely-different is not more than 1,and that the pair were unrelated individuals when the locus number of the entirely-different is not less than 6 or that of the entirely-8alne is not more than 1.Conclusion The software of automatic analysis and the Identifiler system call be used to siblings identification.