Objective To analyze the clinical conditions and emergency treatment experiences of acute and chronic renal failure with hyperpotassemia. Methods Retrospective analyzed 542 clinical cases of supervening hyperpotassemia, which were treated by hemodialysis on 186 patients of renal failure with hyperpotassemia for 5 years. Results 540 cases clinical symptom was improved, serum potassium concentration was down to normal range and hyperpotassemia disappeared in electro cardiogram. 2 cases died after salvage. Rate of success was 99.6%. Conclusion Hemodialysis therapy is the most effective treatment to hyperpotassemia. Use bicarbonate with kalium pH indicator of 3.0～3.5mmol/L in dialysis is useful to lower hyperpotassemia, and safe also. In the early stage of hemodialysis, pure ultrafiltration dehydration treatment is not suitable. There is still danger of heartbeat stop deal to high kalium in the early stage of dialysis; emergency treatments should be standby all the time.

Objective To study the main factors affecting the preparation of osthol ( Ost ) loaded solid lipid nanoparticies ( SLN ) . Methods The SLN were prepared by melt-homogenization method. The optimum formulation and process were selected by orthogonai design. The shape, particle size, loading capacity were investigated. Results The obtained Ost-loaded SLN were sphere or oval at a range of 100-200 nm, and were well distributed without adhesion, the loading capacity was 59. 78%. Conclusion The melt-homogenization method is available for the preparation of Ost loaded SLN.

Objective To explore the resistance and molecular mechanisms underlying the anticancer activity of daunorubicin in CD34 +acute myeloid leukemia(AML) cells. Methods CD34 +AML cell lines(KG1a and Kasu-mi-1)were used as objectives, and CD34 -AML cell line U937 was used as positive control. Western blot analysis was used to examine the protein expression of Bcl-2 and Bax in CD34 +AML and CD34 -AML cell lines incubated with/without daunorubicin to compare the sensitivity of CD34 +AML and CD34 -AML cells to daunorubicin. SiRNA against Bcl-2 was used in KG1a and Kasumi-1 cells and examined the effect on cell viability by MTT assay. Results Western blot analysis showed that Bcl-2 protein levels in CD34 +AML cells appeared to be significantly higher than in CD34 -AML cells. Western blot analysis showed that treatment with 0.4 μg/ml daunorubicin for 48 h caused down-regulation of Bcl-2 only in CD34 -AML cells,but not in CD34 +AML cells. Suppression of Bcl-2 with siRNA increased the susceptibility of KG1a and Kasumi-1 to daunorubicin. Conclusion CD34 +AML cell lines ex-press higher levels of Bcl-2 protein. Daunorubicin fails to down-regulate the high Bcl-2 protein levels in CD34 +AML cells. Suppression of Bcl-2 with siRNA increases the susceptibility of KG1a and Kasumi-1 to daunorubicin. The high Bcl-2 protein levels in CD34 +AML cells may be involved in the insensitivity to daunorubicin.

This study was aimed to screen antibacterial agents against 9 pathogenic bacteria from 240 extracts of 60 traditional Chinese medicinals ( TCM ) . And the minimum inhibitory concentration ( MIC ) test was applied on extracts with positive results. The disk diffusion was employed to screen the antibacterial activity preliminar-ily among 240 extracts. The MICs of active extracts were tested by liquid culture method (double dilution method). The results revealed that 104 extracts show antibacterial activity on one or more strains, 20 of them show strong inhibition on three commonly seen bacteria ( MIC < 0 . 2 mg/mL ) . It was concluded that ethanol , acetone and hexane extracts of 11 TCMs including Salvia miltiorrhiza, Cnidium monnieri, Polygonum tinctorium, Taraxacum mongolicum, Morus alba, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Curcuma longa, Arnebia euchroma, Lobelia chinen-sis , Chrysanthemum indicum and Buddleja officinalis show strong inhibition on Bacillus subtilis , Bacillus cereus , Staphylococcus aureus .

BacKground:Acetic acid spray combined with narrow-band imaging ( NBI ) endoscopy can improve the earIy diagnosis of coIorectaI cancer and precancerous Iesions. Aims:To assess the vaIue of acetic acid spray combined with NBI in diagnosis of earIy coIorectaI cancer and precancerous Iesions. Methods:A totaI of 236 coIorectaI cancer and precancerous Iesions in 180 patients detected by screening endoscopy from Nov. 2011 to JuIy 2013 were enroIIed in this study. Acetic acid spray combined with NBI( combination group),singIe NBI,and indigo carmine staining were used to observe pit pattern,bIood capiIIary forms of the Iesion and mucosa whitening time,and vaIues of the three methods in diagnosis of earIy coIorectaI cancer and precancerous Iesions were evaIuated. Results:Image cIarity of pit pattern in combination group was significantIy improved than that in NBI group and indigo carmine group(χ2 =15. 113,P=0. 000;χ2 =6. 128,P=0. 013);image cIarity of bIood capiIIary forms in combination group was significantIy improved than that in NBI group(χ2 =7. 384,P =0. 007). The overaII coincidence rates of diagnosis in combination group,NBI group, indigo carmine group were 91. 9%,89. 0%,86. 9%,respectiveIy. The diagnosis rate of pit pattern in combination group was significantIy higher than that in NBI group(χ2 =4. 490,P=0. 034),but no significant difference in bIood capiIIary forms was found between combination group and NBI group. The sensitivity of type Ⅲ,Ⅳ,Ⅴ pit pattern,type Ⅱ,ⅢbIood capiIIary forms,mucosa whitening time <30 seconds for diagnosis of coIorectaI cancer and precancerous Iesions in combination group were 94. 0%,92. 8%,92. 2%,respectiveIy,the specificity were 87. 4%,88. 1%,88. 0%, respectiveIy,and the accuracy were 91. 5%,91. 1%,90. 7%,respectiveIy. The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of type ⅤN or highIy irreguIar ⅤI pit pattern,type ⅢB bIood capiIIary forms and mucosa whitening time 0-5 seconds for predicting invasive carcinoma in combination group were aII quite weII. Conclusions:Acetic acid spray combined with NBI can cIearIy show the pit pattern and bIood capiIIary forms of earIy coIorectaI cancer and precancerous Iesions,and is fairIy consistent with the pathoIogicaI diagnosis. It is heIpfuI for diagnosing the nature of Iesion and depth of invasion.

This study was to report the effect of Tangshen Formula on phospholipids metabolism in diabetic nephropathy patients. A normal phase-HPLC-TOF/MS method was used in this study for the determination of seven species of phospholipids in human plasma. Then, the concentration changes of potential phospholipids biomarkers were discussed in diabetic nephropathy phase III and phase IV patients among different groups, including before and 3, 6 months after administration of Tangshen Formula. Significant increases of PE750, PI885, PC792, PC826, PC830, PC854 and PC802 levels were observed 6 months after administration of Tangshen Formula and conventional western medicine, as well as a decrease of LPC540 level, when compared with those before medication. Concentrations of all the potential phospholipids biomarkers showed a tendency towards normal levels; however, both the improvement degree and onset time of these compounds were not same. Additionally, Tangshen Formula treatment based on conventional western medicine treatment was more efficient in adjusting the levels of these compounds when compared with western medicine treatment alone, especially for the phase IV patients. These results indicated that Tangshen Formula was capable in regulating and improving phospholipids metabolism in diabetic nephropathy patients, which may be related with the direct or indirect inhibition of protein kinase C pathway and the corresponding reduction of phospholipase A2 activity. Therefore, Tangshen Formula may be used as an effective drug for diabetic nephropathy therapy, at least as an adjunctive therapeutic drug.

Objective To evaluate the value of 64-slice spiral computed tomography angiography(CTA) in diagnosis of acute severe chest pain caused by vascular diseases.Methods 34 cases with acute severe chest pain caused by vascular lesions confirmed clinically underwent CTA examinations.The images were processed with multi-planar reconstruction,maximal intensity projection,curved planar reconstruction and volume rendering,then the imaging features were analysed.Results CTA showed acute aortic dissection in 13 cases,acute pulmonary embolism in 9 cases and acute coronary syndrome in 12 cases,all cases were confirmed by clinic.Conclusion 64-slice CTA has very important practical value in diagnosis of acute severe chest pain.

Objective To study prevention and treatment for patients during the intermittent period of maintaining hemodialysis complicated by acute left heart failure. Methods The treating process of 126 examples suffered from acute left heart failure during the intermittent period of 14 225 person-time maintaining hemodialysis in 143 patients were retrospectively analyzed. Results In this case group, 0.89% suffered from acute left heart failure during the intermittent period of hemodialysis and the successful rescuing rate was 88.9%. Conclusions Applying the treatment of emergency hemodialysis, quickly filtering body fluid, the curative effect is reliable and rapid. It is one of the best ways to cure patients suffered from acute left heart failure during the intermittent period of maintaining hemodialysis. Combined with other treatments, it will be able to improve the successful rate, and ensure the sufficiency of hemodialysis. United with other steps of reducing blood pressure, such as using angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blocker, and ? receptor blocker, it is an effective countermeasure to prevent patients suffering from acute left heart failure during the intermittent period of maintaining hemodialysis, and effectively reduces its appearance as well.

Objective:This study aimed to achieve the early diagnosis and active treatment of adult hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS) and investigate the clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of this syndrome. Methods:A single-center retrospective analysis was performed to analyze clinical characteristics, laboratory findings, and survival data. Results:In 58 patients, the most common clinical manifestations were fever (100%) and splenomegaly (89.7%). The most common laboratory parameters were serum ferritin 500 g/L (100%) and peripheral cytopenia in two or more lineages (96.6%). platelet count, fibrinogen, and lactate dehydrogenase in the death group were significantly lower than in the survival group (P=0.000, 0.001, and 0.000). Survival analysis results showed that infections in the rheu-matological group exhibited good prognosis [the overall survival (OS) time was not reached in 190 d]. Patients with unexplained causes had moderate prognosis (OS time was 60 d);tumor-associated HPS patients had poor prognosis (the OS time was only 30 d). Univariate analysis results showed that patients with Fbg<1.5 g/L, PLT<40×109/L, and LDH≥2000 U/L also exhibited poor prognosis (P=0.000). Multivariate analysis results showed that PLT<40 × 109/L was an independent adverse factor (HR=6.472, 95%CI:1.526-26.065, P=0.011). Conclusion:HPS exhibits complex clinical manifestations and varied etiology. Patients with infection and rheumatism-related HPS had good prognosiss compared with those manifesting tumor-associated HPS. Fbg<1.5 g/L, PLT<40×109/L, and LDH≥2 000 U/L were the univariate factors that affected the survival time of patients. PLT<40×109/L is an independent adverse factor. These patients need systemic treatments as early as possible.

OBJECTIVETo establish a HPLC method for the determination of 11 essential compounds in Xuebijing injection.

METHODChromatogaphic analysis was performed on Aglient Zorbax SB-C18 (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microm). The mobile phase 0. 5% acetic acid and methanol-acetonitrile-acetic acid (40: 60: 0.5). The flow rate was 1.0 mL x min(-1) with the detection wavelength at 280 nm; column temperature at 35 degrees C, and automatic sampling volume of 20 microL.

RESULTAll the 11 essential compounds showed good linearity (r = 0.9982-0.9999)in the range of the tests concentration. The RSD of the precision, reproducibility and stability tests were less than 3%; the average recoveries of the method were in the range of 95.02%-104.94%.

CONCLUSIONThe method is simple, rapid and accurate, so it is proposed for the quality control of compounds of Xuebijing injection.