Objective To apply six sigma management method to optimizing flow,enhancing treatment quality,prolonging service life and decreasing purchase cost of the non-coated surgical instrument.Methods The treatment flow of the noncoated surgical instrument was optimized through five steps of six sigma method including defining,measuring,analyzing,improving and controlling.The treatment results before and after flow optimization were compared,analyzed and evaluated.Results The rates for corrosion and rejection were both decreased significantly after flow optimization,while the quality was increased obviously (P＜0.05).Conclusion Six sigma management method involved in the treatment of the non-coated surgical instrument saves purchase cost,enhances the efficiency of disinfection supply room and facilitates effective supervision and monitoring.

Objective To comparethe effects of four different emergency fixation methods for the open tibiofibular fractures on the treatment and prognosis of the multiple trauma patients. Methods A comparative study was carried out on the effect offour different early fixation methods on the fracture and the multiple trauma in aspects of the short-term indicators including mortality rate,acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS),fat embolism syndrome(FES),multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS),ICU stay and the long-term indicators including wound healing time,fracture healing time,rate of joint function recovery and fracture complications in 43 multiple trauma patients. Results The locked intramedullary nail wag better than the other fLxation methods including the calcaneal traction,the gypsum external fixation and the internal fixation with steel plate and extemal fixation support in most indexes(P<0.05,0.01). Conclusion The locked intramedullary nail can significantly decrease the incidence rate of complications and obtain sound fracture healing for the patients with multiple trauma combined with open tibiofibular fractures(types Gnstilo Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲa).

Objective To explore the risk factors of lower limb deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in patients with traumatic fractures so as to provide references for prevention of DVT. Methods A total of 1 068 patients with traumatic fractures were involved in the study to analyze the incidence of DVT under 43 risk factors including general state, injury type, fracture condition and operation and screen significant factors for multiple factor analysis. Results The total incidence rate of DVT in 1 068 patients was 12.0%. The univariate analysis showed that male patients at age ＞60 years, with BMI≥25 kg/m2, history of smoking, lack of exercises, history of diabetes, hypertension, coronary artery disease and cerebrovascular disease had higher incidence rate of DVT. In different injury types, the fall injury caused the highest incidence rate of DVT (45.6%). There were different DVT rates for different fracture position,with the highest incidence rate of DVT for femur shaft fracture (20.5%). The incidence rate of DVT was 51.7% for fractures of more than three parts, 14.2% for fractures of two parts and only 3.7% for sole part. The incidence rate of DVT for comminuted fractures was higher than the overall rate. The operation duration, massive transfusion during operation and epidural anesthesia were related with the increase of incidence of DVT. Multivariate analysis found nine independent risk factors and showed that the more risk factors were, the higher incidence of DVT was. Conclusions The risk factors of DVT for traumatic fractures include age ＞60 years, BMI≥25 kg/m2, history of smoking, fall injury, more than three parts of fractures, comminuted fractures, operation duration ＞ 2 hours, massive transfusion during operation and epidural anesthesia.

Background Glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β)plays an important role in glucose metabolism,and it may be affect the occurrence of diabetic retinopathy(DR).ObjectiveThe present study was to investigate the effect of valsartan and fluvastatin on the expression of GSK-3β in retina of diabetes rat model.MethodsDiabetes mellitus models were induced by intrapenetoneal injection of streptozotocin(STZ) in 47 clean Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats and were then randomedly divided into 4 groups.Ten other normal rats were served as normal control group.Sodium carboxy methyl cellulose solution,valsartan,fluvastatin,valsartan+fluvastatin and sodium carboxy methyl cellulose solution was given by oral once per day for 12 weeks respectively in diabetes control group ( n =12),valsartan group ( n =12 ),fluvastatin group ( n =11 ),valsartau + fluvastatin group ( n =12 ) and normal control group.Twelve weeks after administration of drugs,blood glucose was measured and compared among various groups,and the expression of p-GSK-3β ( Ser-9 ) protein in retina was quantified and located by Western blot and immunohistochemistry,respectively.Results Twelve weeks after use of drugs,the level of blood glucose was(5.28±0.30),(26.08±3.33 ),(26.03 ±2.66 ),(25.90± 2.86 ),(25.99 ± 2.14 ) mmol/L in the normal control group,diabetes control group,valsartan,fluvastatin,valsartan + fluvastatin group,respectively,showing a significant difference among the 5 groups ( F =110.74,P＜0.01 ).Western blot showed that the grey value of p-GSK-3β ( Ser-9 ) /β-actin in retina in the diabetic control group was significant higher than the normal group(2.774±0.139 vs 1.927±0.111,q =15.79,P＜0.01 ),and that in valsartan,fluvastatin,valsartan+fluvastatin group was lower than the diabetic control group ( 1.895 ±0.090,2.051 ± 0.113,1.537 ± 0.071 vs 2.774 ± 0.139 ) ( q =1 3.69,13.48,23.06,P ＜ 0.01 ).The grey value of p-GSK-3β (Ser-9)/β-actin in the valsartan+fluvastatin group was declined in comparison with the valsartan group and fluvastatin group ( q =6.67,9.58,P＜0.01 ).Immunohistochemistry showed that the p-GSK-3β(Ser-9) protein was expressed all over the retinal layers and obviously in retinal ganglion cell layer(GCL) in normal control group.But the p-GSK-3β(Ser-9) protein was expressed significantly in diabetic control group.The expression of p-GSK-3β (Ser-9)protein was attenuated both in valsartan and fluvastatin groups and further attenuated in valsartan + fluvastatin group. Conclusions p-GSK-3β (Ser-9) protein is overexpressed in GCL of retina of diabetes rat.Both valsartan and fluvastatin can inhibit the expression of p-GSK-3β (Ser-9) and even getting stronger when they combined.

We searched and retrieved literature on the topic of medical image processing published on SCI journals in the past 10 years. We then imported the retrieved literature into TDA for data cleanup before data analysis and pro cessing by EXCLE and UCINET to generate tables and figures that could indicate disciplinary correlation and research hotspots from the perspective of bibliometrics. The results indicated that people in Europe and USA were leading researchers on medical image processing with close international cooperation. Many disciplines contributed to the fast development of medical image processing with intense interdisciplinary researches. The papers that we found show recent research hotspots of the algorithm, system, model, image and segmentation in the field of medical image processing. Cluster analysis on key words of high frequency demonstrated complicated clustering relationship.
Algorithms ; Bibliometrics ; Cluster Analysis ; Diagnostic Imaging ; trends ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; trends ; International Cooperation

BACKGROUND:Fructus Zipiphi Jujubae,with certain cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate(cGMP),has effects on hypertension,diabetes,cancer and cardiogenic shock.But there has been rare report on the influence of Fructus Zipiphi Jujubae on blood lipid. OBJECTIVE:To study the effects of juice of Fructus Zipiphi Jujubae on body function and blood lipid level in mice. DESIGN:A completely randomized basic study taking experimental animals as the subjects. SETTINGS:Department of bioengineering,school of life science and technology in a university;Department of endocrinology in a university hospital. PARTICIPANTS:The experiment was completed in the Department of Bioengineering,School of Life Science and Technology in Xi'an Jiaotong University from March to May 2003.ICR mice of clean grade, weighing 20 g to 40 g,were provided by the Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine[Certification No.08-004]. Juice of Fructus Zipiphi Jujubae:The Chinese date was picked, cleaned,heated and fractured moderately,mixed with water of 10 times and pectinase with the quantity percentage of 0.70% ,soaked at 50 ℃ for 6 hours,then the juice was filtered and condensed into 16% soluble solids,then sterilized for use later.Forty-eight mice (24 male and 24 female) were randomly divided into 4 groups according to body mass with 12 in each group:normal control group(group A), normal date juice group(group B),model control group(group C) and model date juice group(group D). INTERVENTIONS:Mice in group A were fed with basic diet,drank water for 24 hours;Mice in group B were fed with basic diet,drank water and date juice for 12 hours respectively;Mice in group C were fed with high-fat diet,drank water for 24 hours;Mice in group D were fed with high-fat diet,drank water and date juice for 12 hours respectively.Changes of body mass,indexes of thymus gland and spleen were measured after treated with date juice for 30 days.High fat mice models were established,and blood lipid indexes were determined. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Food efficiency of mice,index of thymus gland,spleen index,growth index of mice. RESULTS:The food efficiency and the indexes of thymus gland and spleen in group B were(9.93± 0.473) g/100 g,3.27± 0.35 and 2.93± 0.51 respectively,which were all obviously higher than those in group A[(7.56± 0.382) g/100 g,(3.14± 0.54),(2.87± 0.33)](t=2.55,2.37,2.41,P< 0.05).The body mass was obviously higher in group B [(36.73 ± 4.70) g] than in group A[(34.92 ± 5.12) g] (t=2.32,P< 0.05);while those were very significantly higher in group C and group D [(39.83 ± 6.00), (37.63 ± 2.73) g] than in group A and group B[(34.92 ± 5.12), (36.73 ± 4.70) g](t=4.13,2.48,P< 0.01),and that in the group D[(37.63 ± 2.73) g] was obviously lighter than that in the group C[(39.83 ± 6.00)g](t=2.26,P< 0.05).The serum levels of total cholesterol(TC) in the in group C and group D were significantly higher than those in group A and group B(P< 0.01), while that was significantly lower in group D than in group C(P< 0.05). The serum levels of triglyceride(TG),low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-C),arteriosclerosis index(AI),high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol(HDL-C) and HDL-C/TC were significantly higher in group C than in group A(P< 0.01,P< 0.05).TC, HDL-C,AI,HDL-C/TC,TG and LDL-C in group D were lower than those in group C(P< 0.05,P< 0.01). CONCLUSION:Juice of Fructus Zipiphi Jujubae can obviously increase the body mass,promoting food efficiency and indexes of thymus gland and spleen of mice, and has the significant effect on the reinforcement of body function in mice.Juice of Fructus Zipiphi Jujubae can decrease the serum levels of TC,TG and LDL-C in mice with hyperlipidemia,and has the remarkable ameliorating effect on hyperlipidemia of mice induced by high-fat feed.

Objective To construct expression vectors of human ribosomal protein S 3(RPS3) and RPS3Ser209 mutant in orcler to investigate the effect of RPS3Ser209 mutant on NF-κB signaling pathway and DNA binding capacity .Methods The vector RPS3-myc was amplified by polymerase chain reaction ( PCR) from the human liver cDNA and subcloned into pcDNA-3.1myc-HisB.RPS3S209A represented mutant RPS3 expression vectors, in which the designated amino acid was mutated to an alanine residue .Dual luciferase reporter gene assay was used to detect the NF-κB transcription activity in HEK293 cells,immunofluorescence to detect RPS3 location, and EMSA to examine NF-κB DNA-binding activity.Results The expression vectors of RPS3-myc and RPS3S209A-myc were constructed.Compared with wild-type RPS3,the nucleus translocation, transactivation activity of NF-κB and DNA binding ability of RPS3S290A were reduced significantly .Conclu-sion The impact of RPS3 on NF-κB signaling pathway depend on its serine 209.

BACKGROUND:Whether transplanted bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells under hypoxic conditions can survive is crucial for the successful celltransplantation. Therefore, studies on the growth of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells under hypoxic conditions in vitro can provide experimental evidence for in vivo celltransplantation. OBJECTIVE:To observe the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells under hypoxia. METHODS:Rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were obtained and cultured, and observed under light microscopy. Passage 3 cells were cultured under normoxia (21%O2) and hypoxia (3%O2 hours. Then cellcounting kit-8 assay and flow cytometry were employed to detect cellproliferation in the two groups. Western blot assay was adopted to detect the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1αand vascular endothelial growth factor in the two groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were obtained and cultured successful y, which were fusiform cells and had uniform shape under the light microscope. (2)The results of cellcounting kit-8 assay showed that the number of cells in the hypoxic group was higher than that in the normoxic group at each time point, and cellviability increased significantly at hours 36 and 48 (P<0.05). (3)The results of flow cytometry demonstrated that the proportion of cells in S phase and cellproliferation index in the hypoxic group were significantly increased, compared with the normoxic group (P<0.05). (4)Western blot results showed ), respectively, for 72 that there was a smal amount of the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1αand vascular endothelial growth factor in the normoxic group, but the expression of these two proteins in the hypoxic group was increased in a time-dependent manner (P<0.05). These findings suggest that hypoxia can induce proliferation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells cultured in vitro, and also raise hypoxia-inducible factor-1αand vascular endothelial growth factor expression in a time-dependent manner.

Objective To explore the effect of long-term chronic mild stress on depression-like behaviors and the expression of heat shock protein 70(HSP70) in rats.Methods The standard SD rats were divided into two groups as following:one group (n =6) was treated with chronic mild stress for 3 weeks,and another group (n =5) was treated with chronic mild stress for 6 weeks.Depression-like behaviors of rats was observed by sucrose consumption test and open field test before and after chronic mild stress.And Western Blot,RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry were utilized to detect the HSP70 expression in the hippocampus and frontal lobes of rats after chronic mild stress.Results The sucrose favoritism in sucrose consumption test,the scores of crossing and the time for rats' retention in the center grid of open field test in long-term group were higher than those in short term group(P＜ 0.05).HSP70 expression in the hippocampus and frontal lobes of long-term group (0.81 ± 0.08,0.85 ± 0.08)detected by Western Blot and immunohistochemistry was higher that of short-term group (0.60 ± 0.06,0.85 ±0.07).HSP70 expression in the hippocampus of long-term group (0.90 ± 0.05,1.37 ± 0.38)detected by RT-PCR was higher that of short-term group(0.78 ± 0.04,1.08 ± 0.14) (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion After long-term chronic mild stress,the depression-like behaviors decrease,and at the same time HSP70 mRNA and protein increase.