Acute Disease ; Atropine ; therapeutic use ; Cholinergic Antagonists ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Organophosphate Poisoning ; Scopolamine Hydrobromide ; therapeutic use

Objective To explore the relationship between parent hostility and adolescent externalizing behavior problems and the mediating role of parenting.Methods The cross-sectional data of 4474 adolescent aged 10-21 of the National Survey of Adolescent Mental Health in China (2008) was used.Adolescents reported their externalizing problems and parents' parenting.Parents reported their hostile behaviors.Results ① Parent hostility((9.18 ± 3.56),(8.94 ± 3.18)) significantly correlated with monitoring,inductive reasoning,harshness of parenting(father(3.39 ± 1.16),(3.21 ± 1.02),(1.39 ± 0.62) respectively,r =-0.108 ～ 0.489,P ＜ 0.01 ;mother (3.96 ± 0.97),(3.38 ± 0.96),(1.37 ± 0.60) respectively,r =-0.148 ～ 0.468,P ＜ 0.01) ; and both parent hostility and parenting were significantly associated with adolescent externalizing problems (0.23 ± 0.21) (r =-0.308 ～ 0.577,P ＜ 0.01).②Parental monitoring,inductive reasoning and harshness discipline partially mediated the relations between parent hostility and adolescent externalizing problems (Z =6.12,5.10,6.36,P ＜ 0.01 ; Z =5.86,6.97,11.84,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Parenting partially mediated the effect between parent hostility and adolescent externalizing problems.

Apoptosis of PK-15 cells induced by Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus (FMDV) in vitro was reported in this paper. Typical cell apoptosis was detected by use of Hoechst 33258 fluorescence probe, agarose gel electrophoresis and in situ end-labeling (TUNEL). After PK-15 cells were infected by titration of 4.8 lg TCID50/mL FMDV for 32 h, apoptosis characteristics of nuclear condensation, fragmentation, accompanied by apoptotic bodies formation (Hoechst 33258 staining), 180-200 integer-fold sized pieces DNA Ladders (agarose gel electrophoresis) and strong green fluorescence dots (TUNEL) were all exhibited, and cell apoptosis was approximately 20%. In addition, the quantitative analysis of apoptosis in PK-15 cells induced by FMDV showed that apoptosis was correlated with infection of virus, and it was also time-dependent. Results indicate that FMDV can induce apoptosis of host cells and apoptosis plays an important role in the cytopathogencity effect of FMDV.

Objective: To observe the effects of follistatin (FST)on the skeletal muscle wasting of cancer cachexia mice and the expressions of Mstn, LncRNA-MALAT1 and Caspase-3, and to elucidate its associated molecular mechanisms.Methods:Thirty-two BALB/c mices were randomly assigned into:healthy control (HC) group,FST prevention (FP)group,FST treatment (FT)group and cancer cachexia (CC)group.The murine colon adenocarcinoma CT26 cells were inoculated subcutaneously into the mices in FP, FT and CC groups to establish the cancer cachexia models. The body weight, spontaneous activity and tumor growth were daily monitored.The mice in FP and FT groups were administrated with FST intraperitoneally on day 6 and 12 after inoculation.The samples were collected on day 20.The tumor and gastrocnemius weights of the mice were detected. The biochemical metabolism indexes and myofiber cross-sectional area of gastrocnemius tissue were detected.The mRNA expression levels of Mstn,Caspase-3 and LncRNA-MALAT1 were examined by Real-time PCR.The protein expression levels of Mstn and Caspase-3 were measured by Western blotting method. Results:Compared with CC group,the body weights,spontaneous activities,gastrocnemius weights and myofiber cross-sectional areas were increased (P <0.05);the serum levels of glucose,total protein and albumin of the mice in FP and FT groups were increased (P <0.05).The protein and mRNA expression levels of Mstn and Caspase-3 in gastrocnemius of the mice in CC group were significantly higher and the expression level of LncRNA-MALAT1 was significantly lower than those in HC group (P < 0.05).The mRNA and protein expression levels of Mstn and Caspase-3 in FP and FT groups were reduced and the expression level of LncRNA-MALAT1 was increased compared with CC group (P < 0.05).The prevention effect in FP group is better than FT group (P < 0.05). Conclusion:FST may alleviate the muscle wasting of the mice with cancer cachexia by inhibiting the expression of Mstn,thus upregulating the expression of LncRNA-MALAT1 which in turn to suppress the expression of Caspase-3.

Objective Background and objective The Cox maze Ⅲ procedure has been considered the gold standard for the surgical treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF) and the modified Cox maze use bipolar radiofrequency ablation instead of the cut-and-sew technique,while also reducing the connecting lines in left atrium.This study was to understand whether completely isolation the posterior left atrium by increasing left atrium ablation lines can enhance the survival after modified Cox maze procedure.Methods From Jan 2009 to Dec 2009,all the patients underwent the Cox maze procedure,following the same examination,were divided into two groups (case-control): box lesion group (n =60),which is means the right and lefi pulmonary vein lesions were connected inferiorly by adding ablation lines,thereby completely isolating the posterior left atrium and the non-box lesion group (n =60).Similar interventions were given during the perioperative periods.Comparing the risk factors before surgeries,then follow-up was 100％ complete,and the mean follow-up was 9 ± 8.4 months.Results Except the box lesion had long time of extracorporeal circulation,the characteristics of the 2 groups were similar because there were no differences in age,AF duration,left atrial diameter,left ventricular ejection fraction or homochronous operation between the groups and there was no operative death.No patient was lost to follow-up.In the mean follow-up duration,a patient was died of intracerebral hemorrhage at 2 months postoperationly in the box lesion group and a patient suffered from stroke at 12 months postoperationly in the non-box lesion.The overall freedom from AF recurrence was higher in the box lesion group at 1 (70％ vs 51.2％,P =0.039) and 3 (78.3％ vs 60％,P =0.030) months.While it was 80％ vs 71.7％ (P =0.286) at 6 months.Eight patients wrere readmitted because of the recurrence of AF,4 and 2 patients underwent catheter ablation in box and non-box group respectively,one patient in each group underwent electrical conversion.After treatment,all of the patients were recovered to sinus rhythm and continued to take cordarone.Conclusion Compared to the single connecting between right and left pulmonary vein,isolating the entire posterior left atrium by creating a box lesion showed higher freedom from AF in the earlier months (1-3months).However,half a year after the surgery,there were no significant differences between the two groups.

Although the surgical techniques has already improved in heart transplantation, heart preservation is still the biggest obstacle to the surgery.At present, heart preservation effective time is only 4-6 hour.How to extent the time of heart preservation is a major research direction.Comparison of available preservations for heart transplantation based on its mechanism and the prospect of its Clinical application.

Nucleic acid sequence-based amplification(NASBA) is a sensitive,isothermal,transcription-based amplification system specifically designed for the detection of RNA targets,which could amplify templete RNA in 2h under isothermal condition at about 42?C and without any special equipment.NASBA is now widely applicated in diagnosis of many pathogenic microorganism.It is mainly about principles and applications of NASBA in viral diagnosis.

Objective To validate of the Chinese system for cardiac operative risk evaluation (SinoSCORE) in Cantonese surgery patients. Methods Data from Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute in the period January 2004 through December 2008 were analyzed on 2462 Cantonese heart surgery patients. First, compared risk factors of this series and database of SinoSCORE, and then calculated the additive score of each patients and evaluate the discrimination and calibration of sinoSCORE in Cantonese patients. Results There were some differences between the risk factors of patients from two groups. The gender,smoking, diabetes, hyperlipemia, hypertension, chronic pulmonary diseases, stroke, cardiovascular surgery history, left main disease, atrial fibrillation/atrial flutter, pulmonary arterial hypertension, concomitant coronary surgery and concomitant valve surgery in Cantonese patients were different between two groups. However, The SinoSCORE was able to predict the in-hospital mortality of senior patients with good discrimination ( Hosmer-Lemeshow test, P = 0. 34 ) and calibration ( the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, 0.84, P ＜ 0.01 ). Conclusion SinoSCORE was able to predict the in-hospital mortality of Cantonese heart surgery patients.

Objective To explore the effect of recovery sleep on the executive function after 36 h of total sleep deprivation by event related potential technology.Methods Thirteen healthy male college students participated in two trials. At the first trial normal sleep as control was investigated. At the second trial participants experienced 36 h of sleep deprivation and then accepted 8 h recovery sleep. In each trial six Go/Nogo tests were employed to test the executive control function and the ERP data were recorded. Results There was no statistical difference in behavior and ERP results at each time point as the subjects had normal sleep. After 36 h of sleep deprivation, the behavior results were statistically significant when compared to the baseline. The amplitude and latency of Nogo-N2, Nogo-P3 on Fz electrode, the amplitude and latency of Nogo-P3 on Cz electrode showed statistical significance when compared to the baseline. After 8 h recovery sleep, the average correct reaction time and the Go correct reaction rate had statistical significance compared to 36 h value. The amplitude of Nogo-N2 and Nogo-P3 had no statistical significance compared to the baseline.However,it was of statistical significance[(-6.80 3.95)vs(-3.37 2.63)μV,(10.63±6.62)vs(5.63±5.45)μV,(9.49±7.37)vs(6.08±6.56)μV] compared to 36 h value. The latency of the recovery value of Nogo-N2 and Nogo-P3 was statistically significant[(254.14±15.55)vs(243.08±13.97)ms(382.14±41.07)vs(349.17±30.36)ms,(369.86±26.48)vs(347.48±29.24)ms]compared to the baseline.Conclusion As the time of sleep deprivation is prolonged, the executive function is impaired and the executive function is not completely recovered after 8 h recovery sleep.

Receptors play a crucial role in determining the host specificity and tissue tropism of virus. Foot-and-mouth disease virus(FMDV)has been showed to use four integrins, ?v?1, ?v?3, ?v?6 and ?v?8 as receptors to initiate infection and ?v?6 functions as the major receptor.The cDNA encoding bactrian camel integrin ?6 from the lung tissue was cloned and sequenced. The 2367bp cDNA of bactrian camel integrin ?6 encodes a polypeptide of 788 amino acids consisting of a 26-residue putative signal peptide, a 681-residue ectodomain with 8 potential N-linked glycosylation sites and 58 cysteine residues, a 29-residue transmembrane domain, and a 52-residue cytoplasmic domain with a NPLY motif and 1 potential N-linked glycosylation site. The nucleotide sequence similarity of integrin ?6 between bactrian camel and cattle, pig, sheep, human, mouse, Norway rat is 91.1%、91.8%、90.6%、90.5%、83.7%、84.1%, and the amino acid sequence similarity is 94.3%、93.4%、93.4%、93.7%、88.7%、88.6%, respectively. The bactrian camel ?6 gene exhibited the higher sequence homology with the ?6 gene of cattle, pig and sheep, indicating their close genetic relationships. It is possible that host tropism of FMDV may related to divergence in ?6 receptors among different species.