AIM To investigate the effect of clonidine on intraocular pressure(IOP) and the possible role in which ? adrenergic mechanism plays. METHODS The change on IOP was observed following clonidine administered via three different routes: (1)clonidine topically administered to eyes; (2)clonidine intracerebroventricularly injected (icv)or topically administered after yohimbine or prazosin icv; (3)microinjection of clonidine into locus coeruleus(LC). RESULTS Clonidine decreased IOP significantly, ? 2 adrenoceptor antagonist, but not ? 1 adrenoceptor antagonist, can reverse the decreasing effect on IOP caused by clonidine icv and administered topically. CONCLUSION Clonidine administered both topically or intracranially can decrease IOP;? 2 adrenoceptor in central nervous system is involved in this effect.

Objective To investigate the effect and its mechanism of cyclin dependent protein kinase inhibitor Olomoucine treatment on experimental herpes simplex encephalitis(HSE). Methods 45 mice were randomly assigned to HSV-1 sham-infected group (n=15), HSV-1 infected control group (n=15) and Olomoucine treated group (n=15). Flow cytometry was used to detect the expression of brain cells surface antigen CD11b. The reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to detect the expression of tumor necrosis factor-? (TNF-?) and Interleukin-6 (IL-6). TUNEL method was adopted to detect neural cells apoptosis. Pathologic slices of brain tissues were used to identify tissue morphology differences. The survival rates were compared between the treatment groups Acyclovir (n=20) and Olomoucine (n=20) by the method of Kaplan-Meier 2 weeks after HSV-1 infection. Results After HSV-1 infection, the expression of brain tissue CD11b, TNF-?, IL-6 were significantly increased compared with sham-infected group (allP

Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) is the first choice of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) missed opportunity of exairesis.Angiogenesis is one of the key factors that affect prospective efficacy.Counter-measures against angiogenesis mainly contain complete embolization of tumor blood supply and integration with angiogenesis inhibitors.The angiogenesis after TACE and the corresponding countermeasures were reviewed in this article.

Objective To understand the research status and development tendency of domestic geriatrics.Methods To analyze all the key words in the academic articles from five representative Chinese journals of geriatrics from 2009 to 2013 through key words frequency analysis.Results From 2009 to 2013,the 55212 key words in 15314 articles were analyzed.The percentages of the articles indexing 3,4 and 5 keywords were 39.3％ (6012/15314),33.3％ (5092/15314) and 13.9％(2123/15314),respectively.There were 45 high-frequency keywords,among which 17 key words (37.8％) were in the top 30 every year.The main research object of geriatrics was Aged,the main research contents were common diseases in the elderly,including Diabetes Mellitus,Coronary Artery Disease,Alzheimer's Disease,Hypertension,Cerebral Infarction,Cognition Disorders and etc.The Risk Factors,Therapeutics and Prognosis of these common diseases were always explored.Co-words analysis showed that there were 51 pairs of key words with a frequency more than or equal to 20.Conclusions The hot-spot of geriatric research in our country is relatively concentrated.We should pay attention to body disease,and focus on the mental health problems in the elderly.

Objective To investigate clinicopathologic characteristics of obsolete Bennett fractures and their surgical treatment and prognosis. Methods From August 2008 to April 2010,13 patients with obsolete Bennett fracture were admitted to our department.They were 12 men and one woman,with an average age of 34.3 years (from 17 to 42 years).They had a fracture history of over 4 weeks to as long as 12 weeks (average,7.9 weeks).In all patients,after X-ray examinations,the radio-dorsal ligament complex of the first carpometacarpal joint was properly released,fracture gaps were cleared up,fracture fragments were anatomically reduced and fixed with a Kirschner wire,and at last the first metacarpal joint was fixed with the Kirschner wire crossing the joint Postoperatively all patients were immobilized with cast plaster for 4 weeks before the Kirschner wires acrross the joint were removed.Gradual rehabilitation was conducted.The X-rays were taken every month. Results The patients were followed for 6 to 24 months(average,14 months).The fractures healed in all the patients,with an average healing time of 3 months.No dislocation of the joints occurred.Injury to articular cartilage of the trapezium bone occurred in one patient,and no apparent pain was experienced in the other 12 patients.According to the Total Active Motion assessment,the thumb function was rated as excellent in 9 cases,good in 2,moderate in one and poor in one,with a good to excellent rate of 84.6％.Conclusions In obsolete Bennett fractures,the radio-dorsal ligament complex of the first carpometacarpal joint will have cicatricial contracture,preventing reduction of the fragments of the radio-dorsal joint.Therefore it is important to properly release the radio-dorsal ligament complex to achieve anatomical reduction of the radio-dorsal joint.An injury history of over 3 months and complicated injury to the trapezium bone cartilage may be significant factors affecting the prognosis of obsolete Bennett factures.

Adult ; Endocarditis ; complications ; microbiology ; Female ; Humans ; Pulmonary Embolism ; etiology ; Pulmonary Valve ; microbiology

Azure Stains ; chemistry ; DNA, Neoplasm ; analysis ; chemistry ; Humans ; Rosaniline Dyes ; chemistry ; Staining and Labeling ; economics ; methods ; Stomach Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology

Chronic prostatitis is a common male disease, and its pathogenesis is not yet clear. Most scholars believe that oxidative stress and immune imbalance are the keys to the occurrence and progression of chronic prostatitis. Currently immunotherapy of chronic prostatitis remains in the exploratory stage. This article relates the active ingredients of 5 Chinese medicinal herbs (total glucosides of paeony, tripterigium wilfordii polglycosidium, curcumin, geniposide, and quercetin) for the treatment of chronic prostatitis and their possible action mechanisms as follows: 1) inhibiting the immune response and activation and proliferation of T-cells, and adjusting the proportion of Th1/Th2 cells; 2) upregulating the expression of Treg and enhancing the patient's tolerability; 3) suppressing the activation of the NF-kB factor, reducing the release of iNOS, and further decreasing the release of NO, IL-2 and other inflammatory cytokines, which contribute to the suppression of the immune response; 4) inhibiting the production of such chemokines as MCP-1 and MIP-1α in order to reduce their induction of inflammatory response. Studies on the immune mechanisms of Chinese medicinal herbs in the treatment of chronic prostatitis are clinically valuable for the development of new drugs for this disease.
Chemokines ; immunology ; Cytokines ; immunology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Immune System ; drug effects ; Male ; NF-kappa B p50 Subunit ; metabolism ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II ; metabolism ; Plants, Medicinal ; Prostatitis ; drug therapy ; immunology ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory ; drug effects ; Th1-Th2 Balance

OBJECTIVE:To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of different doses of atorvastatin in the treatment of chron-ic subdural hematoma(CSDH). METHODS:One hundred and tweaty-eighie CSDH patients selected from our hospital during Jun. 2013-May 2015 were divided into observation group(n=62)and control group(n=66)in accordance with random number table. Both groups were given conventional treatment of brain cell nutrition. Control group received Atorvastatin tablet 20 mg,po,qd;observation group received Atorvastatin tablet 40 mg,po,qd. Both groups were treated for 6 months. Clinical efficacy,CSS and ADL score,hematoma volume,the levels of serum inflammatory factors (hs-CRP,MMP-9,IL-6,TNF-α) were observed in 2 groups. ADR was recorded during treatment and recurrence rate was also recorded. RESULTS:2 patients withdrew from observa-tion group and 6 from control group. Finally,120 patients met the criteria were included,with 60 cases in each group. Total re-sponse rate of observation group(88.3%)was significantly better than that of control group(73.3%),with statistical significance (P<0.05). After 1,3,6 months of treatment,CSS score,hematoma volume,the serum levels of hs-CRP,MMP-9,IL-6 and TNF-α in 2 groups were significantly decreased,while ADL score was increased significantly;the improvement of above indexes in observation group was significantly better than in control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05). There was no statistical significance in the incidence of ADR between 2 groups(P>0.05). The recurrence rate of control group(13.3%)was significantly higher than that of observation group(3.3%),with statistical significance(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Daily dose of shows ator-vastatin 40 mg better therapeutic efficacy and lower recurrence rate in the treatment of CSDH with good safety.

OBJECTIVE To study the effect of frequency difference and intensity difference on mismatch negativity (MMN) change in normal persons. Emphatically to observe the effect on the latency and amplitude of normal people's MMN, as well as the threshold of the acoustic difference which may induce the MMN. METHODS Twenty-four adults were included in this study. Their thresholds of pure tone audiometry were within 20dBHL. The MMN were measured by using the Smart EP ( ear potentiometer provided by the company of Intelligent Hearing) and the rule of the change by the difference of frequency and intensity to the latency and amplitude of normal people’s MMN were studied. RESULTS Along with the decreasing of the difference of the frequency, the MMN latency prolonged gradually. The amplitude of the MMN decreased gradually as the decreasing of the intensity difference. CONCLUSION A stable MMN graph is an important indicator of objective physiological test with hearing distinguish.