Angiogenesis Inducing Agents ; metabolism ; Angiogenesis Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; therapeutic use ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ; Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Bevacizumab ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Endostatins ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; drug therapy ; Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ; metabolism ; physiology ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors ; metabolism ; physiology

This study is to establish a cell-based model targeting to neuraminidase (NA) of the 2009 H1N1 influenza A virus. NA is an influenza virus structural protein with enzymatic activity of the cleavage of HA-sialic acid interaction to release new viral particles from cells. A model of HIV-1 (pNL4-3.Luc.R(-)E(-)) based pseudovirions packed with HA [hemagglutinin, A/VietNam/1203/2004 (H5N1)] and NA [A/California/04/2009 (H1N1)] was established to evaluate compounds activities on NA function. The viral release can be blocked by neuraminidase inhibitors, oseltamivir and oseltamivir carboxylate, with IC50 of (61 +/- 31) nmol L(-1) and (5.5 +/- 2.9) nmol L(-1) respectively. A point mutation of H275Y on NA leads oseltamivir-resistance. This corresponding mutation was introduced into the system which was also confirmed by oseltamivir and oseltamivir carboxylate.

Anemia, Dyserythropoietic, Congenital ; pathology ; Child ; Humans ; Male ; Siblings

Child, Preschool ; Echocardiography, Transesophageal ; methods ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular ; diagnostic imaging ; therapy ; Humans ; Male

This study is to investigate the mechanism and action characteristics of 6-chloro-3-methyl-4-(2-methyoxycarbonylthiophene-3-sulfonyl)-3, 4-dihydroquinoxa-lin-2-(1 H)-one (XU07011) against HIV-1 replication. XU07011 anti-HIV activity was tested by using VSVG/HIV pseudotype viral system and confirmed by HIV-1 live viruses' infectious assay. Time of addition was used to test HIV-1 reverse transcription process. RNA-dependent DNA polymerase activity and RNase H activity were tested by using enzyme linked immunoabsorbent assay and fluorescence method. Wild type and nine NNRTIs-resistant reverse transcriptase enzymatic models and cell-based pharmacological models were used to evaluate XU07011 bio-characteristics. The results showed that XU07011 inhibited HIV-1 replication with IC50 of (0.057 +/- 0.01) micromol x L(-1) which was comparable to nevirapine [IC50: (0.046 +/- 0.01) micromol x L(-1)]. Mechanism study data indicated that XU07011 blocked HIV-1 reverse transcription process through acting on reverse transcriptase RNA-dependent DNA polymerase with IC 50 of (1.1 +/- 0.3) micromol x L(-1). The compound showed no effect on RNase H activity. XU07011 exhibited better activities comparing with nevirapine on K103N mutated NNRTIs-resistant HIV-1 strains. This study could provide a theoretical basis for novel anti-HIV reagents development.

85 mL/min),CL=6.0?(WT/60)~(0.52).④The increased volume of peripheral distribution (V_2) was observed when norvancomycin was co-administered with diuretics;④Reduced drug clearance,prolonged t_(1/2),and increased values of AUC_(24) were found in elderly patients.Conclusions Renal function impairment and age have significant impact on PK parameters of norvancomycin.Dosing regimens of norvancomycin were finally established for different patients on the basis of important PPK parameters generated from different groups of patients.

BACKGROUND: Researches suggest that transient ischemic attack (TIA)can induce cognitive dysfunction, and cerebral blood flow and its distribution are hypothesized to be closely related to cognitive activities.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the alteration of cognitive function and provide insights into its relations with cerebral perfusion in TIA patients.DESIGN: A case-control study.SETTING: Departments of Geriatrics, Electrophysiology and Magnetic Resonance of Urumqi General Hospital of Lanzhou Military Area Command of Chinese PLA.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 35 male right-handed TIA patients aged 45-78 years with an average of (68.1±8.4) years were selected from the inpatients and outpatients in the Department of Geriatrics, Urumqi General Hospital of Lanzhou Command of Chinese PLA between January 2002 and June 2003. Another 33 healthy right handed male subjects aged 45-77 years with an average of (67.8±8.6) years coming for physical examination were recruited to serve as the control group.METHODS: Patients and control subjects were tested with event-related potentials (ERPs) and the scale of elderly cognitive function (SECF) to examine the orientation, learning and memory, span, recall 1 (association),long-term memory, naming of animals, calculation, classification, copying,language and recall 2 (relation). According to the T score transformation table, the original scores were transformed into T scores relative to the age to eliminate the impact of age, and also into T'score to eliminate the interference by the patients'education, so that cognitive function of the patients could be evaluated with T'score, and the lower the score, the poorer the cognitive function. Cases in the two groups were all tested, and TIA patients were also examined with magnetic resonance angiography (MRA).MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Results of ERPs, SECF and MRA.RESULTS: Of the 35 TIA patients and 33 control subjects all completed the trial. Examination of ERPs reveled significantly prolonged latency of P300 components of ERP in the TIA group [(336.2±34.2) ms] than that in the control group [(311.3±44.2) ms, P ＜ 0.05]. The scores of span, recall 1,long-term memory, naming of animals, calculation, and recall 2 in SECF in TIA group were all lower than those in control group (39.7±11.9 vs 47.4±12.0; 54.5±14.8 vs 61.8±14.5; 61.1±7.8 vs 64.7±1.7; 59.4±11.0 vs 64.7±8.8; 50.0±14.7 vs 58.1±14.2; 44.6±15.4 vs 53.2±17.8, t=4.151 0-7.292 8, P ＜ 0.05-0.01). MRA identified abnormalities in 33 of the 35 TIA patients (94%), manifested mainly by stenosis and occlusion involving the vertebral artery (54%, 19/35), bilateral anterior, middle and posterior cerebral arteries (40% ,28/70;59% ,41/70;47% ,33/70), basilar artery (5.71%, 2/35) and bilateral internal carotid artery (5.71%, 4/70) respectively.CONCLUSION: TIA patients are characterized by prolonged P300 latency with multiple cognitive impairments especially in memory and cerebral artery stenosis and occlusion as shown by MRA, suggests that TIA patients have persistent low cerebral perfusion and frequently, cognitive dysfunction in the presence of local blood supply disorder in the hemispheres.

lusions Cardiac MSCT can accurately assess the RV size and function in comparison to MRI. Patients with severe COPD have RV dysfunction.

Objective To prospectively assess right ventricular dysfunction and the metergasis before and after therapy of thrombolysis with ECG gated multi-detector spiral computed tomography (MSCT)in patients with acute pulmonary embolism. Methods Triple rule-out ECG gated MSCT examination was performed in 96 consecutive patients suspected of PE. 25 patients with central PE were confirmed. 25 agematched subjects without cardiac and pulmonary disease were recruited as control group. Triple rule-out ECG gated MSCT were performed again to assess cardiac function after therapy of thrombolysis. Dimension ratios for the right ventricle (RV) and left ventricle ( LV), main pulmonary artery and aorta were measured.Furthermore, the RV and LV end-diastolic volumes (EDV), end-systolic volume (ESV) and ejection fraction (EF) were also measured. The mean values were compared with analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Newman-Keuls test before and after thrombolysis. Results The mean values of RVEDV, RVESV, RVEF,RV/LV ESV volume ratio, RV/LV dimension ratio and main pulmonary artery/aorta dimension ratio in control group were (150.5±24.1) ml,(71.5 ±18.5) ml, (53.5 ±4.2)%, 1.08 ±0.04, 1.01 ±0.04 and 0. 99 ±0. 02, respectively. While those in PE group were ( 190. 3 ± 16. 2) ml, ( 128. 1 ± 13.2) ml,(32.7 ± 3.6 ) %, 2.00 ± 0.26, 1.30 ± 0. 09 and 1.34 ± 0. 11, respectively. Those after therapy of thrombolysis were ( 159. 2 ± 21.5 ) ml, ( 80. 7 ± 9.4) ml, (49. 2 ± 5.9) %, 1.22 ± 0.25, 1.02 ± 0.02 and 1.02±0.11,respectively. ESV and EDV of RV were larger (q= 6.28, P<0.01; q=7.59, P<0.01),EF value was lower (q = 4. 82, P < 0.01 ) in PE group than those in control group. RV/LV ESV volume ratio, the RV/LV dimension ratio and main pulmonary artery/aorta dimension ratio were larger ( q = 6. 04,P <0. 01; q =4. 43, P <0. 01; q =4. 36, P <0. 01 ) and EDV of LV was lower in PE group than those in control group. However, ESV and EDV of RV and RV/LV ESV volume ratio were lower (q = 5.03, P <0.01;q=6. 11,P<0.01;q=4.74,P<0.01), EF value was larger (q=6.29, P<0.01) and EDV of LV was larger(q =4.01 ,P <0.01 ) after therapy of thrombolysis than before. Conclusion Retrospective triple rule-out ECG-gated MSCT can show pulmonary embolism, measure the function of RV and LV and evaluate curative effect of thrombolysis.

Aged ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Receptors, Interleukin-2 ; blood ; Silicosis ; blood ; classification ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets ; metabolism