Nature is abundant in protein scaffolds.By selecting suitable protein scaffold,display and screening methods,the rational and constrained random peptide library(RPL)can be constructed.Compared with the non-constrained RPL,it offered more opportunities for obtaining novel protein structures and more higher affinity ligands against the target molecules.At present,the protein scaffold constrained RPLs have been shown great potential in applications such as target selection,basic research,clinical diagnosis,medical therapy and so on.It is systematically introduced the structure bases,classification and construction of constrained RPL based on scaffolds,as well the recent great advances of application in selection against target molecules with S-S constrained scaffolds,antibodies,Zinc finger protein,Z domain,FN3 domain as important examples.

Ear ; surgery ; Humans ; Parotid Neoplasms ; surgery ; Surgical Procedures, Operative ; methods

Objective To analyze our clinical results of head and neck reconstruction using microsur- gical free flap transfer techniques.Methods The free flap donor sites with long vascular pedicle and large diameter of vessel were routinely chosed,and chose receipt vessels with large diameter and proper position, and perform vessel ananstomosis under surgical loups instead of microscope.The un-buried free flap with a mo- nitoring window were harvest,and do double venous anastomoses in some flaps to ensure adequate venous out- flow.Results From May 1999 to March 2005,1066 consecutive free flap transfers were used to reconstruct head and neck defects.The overall success rate of free flap was 98.3%.The vessel thrombosis rate was 3.1%,and the flap salvage rate was 45.5%.Conclusion Head and neck reconstruetion using microsurgi- cal free flap transfer technique is safe and reliable,and good clinical results can be obtained.

0. 05). Conclu-sion The THT and THC have bioequivalence.

Aim To study relative bioavailablity of cefaclor effervescent tablets in healthy volunteers. Methods According to the crossover design, A volunteers were each orally given a single does of the 0.75 g cefaclor effervescent tablets and cefaclor capsules with an interval of 5 days between the two formulations.The plasma concentrations of the drug were determined by RP-HPLC.Pharmacokinetic parameters were obtained by ATPK programe,and calculated on the basis of open single compartment model.Results After a single oral dose, the peak levels in plasma averaged Cmax(31.27?5.81)?g?ml-1 and(30.56?5.25) ?g?ml-1 at (0.58?0.12)h and(0.73?0.17)h and AUC0～4(35.48?4.65) ?g?h?ml-1 and (35.89?2.90) ?g?h?ml-1 for tablet and capsule,respectively. Conclusion The result shows that two formulations are bioequivalence.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of combined treatment with surgical decompression and drug for traumatic optic neuropathy (TON) and analyze the influential factors.

METHODSA retrospective study on 69 patients (70 eyes) with TON treated with optic canal decompression through transnasal endoscopic approach and drug was conducted. The visual acuity was divided into 5 grades: no light perception (NLP), light perception (LP), hand move, count finger, > 0.02, marked as I-V respectively. Of 40 eyes with grade I, 18 eyes received emergency operation for severe optic canal fracture confirmed by CT; 22 eyes received corticosteroid therapy firstly and then operation. Of 30 eyes above grade I, 16 eyes with optic canal fracture confirmed by CT received emergency operation; 14 eyes received corticosteroid therapy firstly and 3 days later received operation. Postoperative follow-up lasted 3-12 months to observe the recovery of visual acuity.

RESULTSThe therapeutic efficacy of patients with the visual acuity of LP and above LP was better than that of NLP (90.0% to 27.5%), the difference had statistical significance (chi(2) = 26.98, P < 0.001). In operated group, the therapeutic efficacy in patients whose visual acuity was improved from NLP after glucocorticoid therapy (80.0%) was better than that of the patients with no improvement (5.9%), the difference had statistical significance (chi(2) = 12.09, P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONThe imaging findings of optic canal fracture can not be used as determinants for operation. The patients with NLP whose visual acuity had no improvement after corticosteroid therapy are poor candidates for surgical decompression. The visual acuity before treatment is the main factor affecting the therapeutic efficacy.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Decompression, Surgical ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Optic Nerve Injuries ; drug therapy ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo compare the impact of various types of neck dissection on postoperative shoulder function.

METHODSThe shoulder functions of 66 patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and cN0 necks who underwent various types of neck dissection were evaluated by Constant's shoulder function test and neck dissection impairment index at least 12 months after surgery.

RESULTSThe patients with accessory spinal nerve reserved had better shoulder function than those with accessory spinal nerve resected. In the group with accessory spinal nerve reserved, the patients receiving selective neck dissection (SND) showed better shoulder function than those with modified radical neck dissection (MRND). The shoulder dysfunction and pain arising from SND were minor in patients with selective neck dissection.

CONCLUSIONSThe shoulder function after SND was superior to those after RND and MRND.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; pathology ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mouth Neoplasms ; pathology ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Neck Dissection ; methods ; Shoulder ; physiopathology

OBJECTIVETo analyze the reliability and feasibility of free flap transfer for head and neck reconstruction in the paediatric patients.

METHODSThirty consecutive free flap transfer performed in 28 patients younger than 15 years-old were reviewed. Data concerning the operation included date of surgery, defect description and site, stage and histology of tumor, flap type, recipient vessel and complications.

RESULTSThe average age of patients was 12.3 years-old, with age ranged from 5 to 15. There were 19 males and 9 females. Four kinds of free flap were used. The free fibula flap was most commonly used, followed by free radial forearm flap, rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap, and free scapular flap. The overall success rate of the flaps was 93.3%. The overall complication rate was 36.7%. The vessel thrombosis rate was 6.7%.

CONCLUSIONFree flap transfer in the paediatric patients for head and neck reconstruction is safe and reliable. There is no difference between the normal patients and paediatric patients in the success rate and complication rate.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Free Tissue Flaps ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures

OBJECTIVETo assess the effectiveness and reliability of free flap transfer for treating the advanced osteoradionecrosis (ORN) of mandible.

METHODSEleven cases of free flap transfer for treating the advanced ORN of mandible from October 1999 to February 2003 were reviewed. Data concerning the operation included site, stage and histology of primary tumor, dosage of radiotherapy, defect description, design of free flap, recipient vessel, free flap survival and complications.

RESULTSThere were 8 males and 3 females, with age ranged 29-65 years old. Fifteen free flaps were used for reconstructing the defects, 12 were fibula flap, 2 were rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap, and 1 was radial forearm flap. All the free flaps survived completely without partial or total necrosis. The complication rate was 36.4%. All patients had complete resolution of ORN symptoms. No evidence of ORN recurrence was observed in any patient.

CONCLUSIONFree flap transfer provides a reliable and effective means for treating the advanced ORN of mandible. Free fibula flap is the workhorse flap for reconstruction of mandible.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Free Tissue Flaps ; Humans ; Male ; Mandible ; pathology ; Middle Aged ; Osteoradionecrosis ; surgery ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinicopathological features of multiple mucosal neuromas without multiple endocrine neoplasia type IIB (non-MEN-IIB MMN).

METHODSThree cases of non-MEN-IIB MMNs were analyzed for the clinical manifestations and histopathological characteristics.

RESULTSAll the 3 cases were females, age ranging from 30 to 45 years. Two cases of them involved in the laryngopharyngeal mucosa and another one located in the left margin of the tongue. Clinically, non-MEN-IIB MMNs presented with uncertain foreign body sensation, itching, vomiting and causalgia in the laryngopharyngeal areas. Mucosal papular lesions were treated by laser ablation or local surgical excision. The cases were respectively followed up for 6 to 20 months and found nothing. Histological examination showed the lesions were not encapsulated and contained irregular tortuous nerve bundles with undefined perineurium in the lamina propria. There were no nuclear palisade. Immunophenotype showed tumor cells strongly positive for vimentin, S-100, myelin specific enolase, CD56, neurofilament and neuron specific enolase, uniformly negative to CD34, CD117 and epithelial membrane antigen.

CONCLUSIONSNon-MEN-IIB MMN is a very rare disease and the possibility of MEN-IIB should be excluded before making diagnosis. The lesions located in the mucosal tissue with polyp-like or papular appearance, so they should be differentiated from other neoplasms or non-neoplastic lesions.

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2b ; pathology ; Neuroma ; pathology