Cartilage ; surgery ; Humans ; Tympanoplasty

[Objective]To discuss the clinical outcomes of low-energy tibial plateau fractures treated with arthroscopy-assisted operative management and locked by LCP.[Method]From January 2006 to March 2007,15 patients with tibial plateau fractures(SchatzkerⅠ,Ⅱ)were reduced with arthroscopy-assisted and treated by LCP and bone defects were filled with homogeneous allograft bone.[Result]With follow-up visits for 12～26 months,all cases were healed.According to creiteria of Rasmussen,excellent were in 10 cases,good in 4 cases,fair in 1 case,with the rate of being excellent and good added up to 93%.[Conclusion]LCP fixation is an effective technique for the low-energy tibial plateau fractures treatment with the advantage of less invasion,steadier fixation and lower complication rate.Arthroscopy-assisted operative management can help to reduce reduction loss from intra-articular more precisely to reach a higher union rate.It is also a preferable method for low-energy tibial plateau fracutures treatment(SchatzkerⅠ、Ⅱ).

In order to obtain the present effective prestress and its longitudinal distribution of prestressed tendon during the process of inspection and evaluation, a unified analogue method was put forward. Based on the theory for calculating instantaneous prestress loss of the tendons with complicated geometry, a universal numerical model was established. Therefore, the distribution of effective prestress could be simulated after recognizing the nominal coefficients of prestress loss with the obtained stress data of objective steel tendon. The numerical simulation results of a full-length tendon of a three-span continuous beam bridge show that the relative errors between the calculated value and the value in the code are within 5%, which meets the requirement for engineering application.

Object To develop the analysis method to determine the content of cannabidiol in the hemp seed oil by HPLC. Methods The chromatographic condition was Irregular-H-C 18 column (250 mm? 4.6 mm, 10 ?m). A mixture of methanol-acetonitrile-water-acetic acid (25∶50∶25∶0.4) was used as the mobile phase with a flow rate of 0.8 mL/min and the detection wavelength was 220 nm at room temperature. Results The calibration curve for cannabidiol showed good linear correlation within the concentration range of 1.2 — 9.6 ?g/mL (r=0.999 4). The average recovery and RSD was 94.6% and 1.9% (n=9) respectively. Conclusion The method is convenient, reliable and with good reappearance.

The 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGR) catalyzes the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonate in mavalonic acid pathway, which is the first committed step for isoprenoid biosynthesis in plants. However, it still remains unclear whether HGMR gene plays a role in the isoprenoid biosynthesis in Dendrobium officinale, an endangered epiphytic orchid species. In the present study, a HMGR encoding gene, designed as DoHMGR1 (GenBank accession JX272632), was identified from D. officinale using the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) methods, for the first time. The full length cDNA of DoHMGR1 was 2 071 bp in length and encoded a 562-aa protein with a molecular weight of 59.73 kD and an isoelectric point (pI) of 6.18. The deduced DoHMGR1 protein, like other HMGR proteins, constituted four conserved domains (63-561, 147-551, 268-383 and 124-541) and two transmembrane motifs (42-64 and 85-107). Multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic analyses demonstrated that DoHMGR1 had high identity (67%-89%) to a number of HMGR genes from various plants and was closely related to Vanda hybrid cultivar, rice and maize monocots. Real time quantitative PCR (qPCR) analysis revealed that DoHMGR1 was expressed in the three included organs. The transcripts were the most abundant in the roots with 2.13 fold over that in the leaves, followed by that in the stems with 1.98 fold. Molecular characterization of DoHMGR1 will be useful for further functional elucidation of the gene involving in isoprenoid biosynthesis pathway in D. officinale.

Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are important signaling transduction components well conserved in eukaryotes and play essential roles in various physiological, developmental and hormonal responses in plant. In the present study, a MAPK gene, designated as DoMPK4 (GenBank accession No. JX297597), is identified from a rare endangered medicinal orchid species D. officinale using the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) methods. The full length cDNA of DoMPK4 is 1 518 bp in length and encoded a 369 aa protein with a molecular weight of 42.42 kD and an isoelectric point of 5.55. DoMPK4 protein contained a serine/threonine protein kinase active site (158-170), a MAP kinase site (71-174), and eight conserved motifs. DoMPK4 had a transmembrane (214-232) but no signal peptide. Multiple sequence alignment showed that DoMPK4 shared high identities (74.9%-80.6%) with MAPK proteins from various plants. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that DoMPK4 belonged to group A of the MAPK evolutionary tree, and is closely related to monocots. Real time quantitative PCR (qPCR) analysis revealed that DoMPK4 is differentially expressed among the five organs including leaf, stem, root, seed, and protocorm-like body (PLB). The transcription level of DoMPK4 is the highest in the PLBs with 17.65 fold, followed by seeds, roots, and stems with 5.84, 2.28, and 1.64 fold, respectively. The progressive enhancement of DoMPK4 transcripts in the developing PLBs compared to that in the germinating seeds, suggests a role of DoMPK4 during the development of embryogenic PLBs formation in D. officinale.

S-Adenosyl-L-methionine decarboxylase (SAMDC) is a key enzyme in the polyamines biosynthesis, thus is essential for basic physiological and biochemical processes in plant. In the present study, a full length cDNA of DoSAMDC1 gene was obtained from symbiotic germinated seeds of an endangered medicinal orchid species Dendrobium officinale, using the rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE)-PCR technique for the first time. The full length cDNA was 1 979 bp, with three open reading frames, i.e. tiny-uORF, small-uORF and main ORF (mORF). The mORF was deduced to encode a 368 amino acid (aa) protein with a molecular mass of 40.7 kD and a theoretical isoelectric point of 5.2. The deduced DoSAMDC1 protein, without signal peptide, had two highly conserved function domains (proenzyme cleavage site and PEST domain) and a 22-aa transmembrane domain (89-110). Multiple sequence alignments and phylogenetic relationship analyses revealed DoSAMDC1 had a higher level of sequence similarity to monocot SAMDCs than those of dicot. Expression patterns using qRT-PCR analyses showed that DoSAMDC1 transcripts were expressed constitutively without significant change in the five tissues (not infected with fungi). While in the symbiotic germinated seeds, the expression level was enhanced by 2.74 fold over that in the none-germinated seeds, indicating possible involvement of the gene in symbiotic seed germination of D. officinale.

Objective:To evaluate the relationship between breast reconstruction and postoperative complications by meta-analysis.Methods:Through a defined search strategy, related literature was collected in databases from PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, CNKI, Wanfang Database and VIP Database, from January 1990 to November 2017. Data were extracted and each merged data was analyzed using RevMan 5.3 software. The postoperative complications between transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous-flap (TRAM) and deep inferior epigastric perforatorflap (DIEP), TRAM and latissimus dorsiflap (LDF), LDF and LDF+ prosthesis, LDF+ prosthesis and simple prosthesis implantation were compared.Results:Twenty-nine papers met inclusion criteria of our study. The Meta-analysis results showed that the risk of local flap necrosis, seroma, infection, fat liquefaction, abdominal wall hernia and abdominal bulging in TRAM group were higher than those in DIEP group, and the differences were significant. There was no significant difference in total flap necrosis, wound dehiscence, venous congestion between the two groups; the risk of total flap necrosis, wound dehiscence and infection in TRAM group were higher than those in LDF group, and the differences were significant. The risk of seroma in TRAM group was lower than that in LDF group, and the differences were significant. There was no significant difference in fat liquefaction between the two groups; there was no significant difference in the postoperative complications between LDF group and LDF+ prosthesis group; the risk of seroma in LDF+ prosthetic group was higher than that in prosthetic group, and the differences was significant. The risk of prosthetic capsular contracture and prosthesis displacement in LDF+ prosthetic group were lower than those in prosthetic group, and the differences were significant. There was no significant difference in prosthesis exposure and infection between the two groups.Conclusions:DIEP has most of the advantages of TRAM and fewer complications. It plays an important role in breast reconstruction in the future. We should make a choice of breast reconstruction methods according to the patient＇s conditions as far as possible in clinical practice.

Objective:To establish a DNA typing method for HLA-I antigens with medium resolution method by DNA chip technique.Methods:The chip was made with specific medium distinguish-typing probes designed according to gene frequency of HLA-I alleles from Northern Chinese. Unsymmetrical PCR was used to amplify HLA-I exon2,3,and then the PCR products labeled and hybridized with probes on the chip.Typing of HLA-I was certified by scanning the hybridizing signals of through a set of computer software.Results:HLA-I alleles were successfully typed in 30 clinical samples .This medium-distinguishing probes were able to discern 57 HLA-I alleles accurately.Conclusion:DNA typing of HLA-I by chip has been proven to be a high-resolution and high-specific method. It is able to check out the new alleles that can not be distinguished by other methods with the same resolution., and it is more intuitional and more suitable for clinical application .

Objective To discuss the value of medium resolution typing method for HLA-B antigens of Northern Chinese by DNA chip technique.Methods The chip was made with specific medium distinguish typing probes designed according to gene frequency of HLA-B alleles from Northern Chinese.Unsymmetrical PCR was used to amplify HLA-B exon 2 and 3, then labeled PCR products and hybridize with probes on the chip.Certified the typing of HLA-B by analysed and scanned the signals of hybridize through a set of computer software.Results HLA-B alleles were successfully typed in 30 clinical samples. This medium distinguish probes were able to discern 42 HLA-B alleles from the scope of HLA-B 7~83. Using it we can distinguish B14,73 and 82 three new alleles contrast to PCR-SSP methods.Conclusions DNA typing of HLA-B by chip was proven to be a high-resolution and high-specificity method. It is able to check out the multitudinous samples in one DNA chip and it is more suitable for clinical application.