OBJECTIVE To investigate antimicrobial resistance of Enterobacter cloacae in our hospital,for guiding the treatment of these infections in clinical practice.METHODS Bacterial susceptibility testing was done by Kirby-Bauer method and bacteria were identified by VITEK-32.Retrospective analysis of the drug resistance was done to the E.cloacae isolated from our hospital in the recent 3 years.RESULTS A total of 364 E.cloacae strains were isolated,which mainly isolated from sputum.They were resistant to 13 types of antibacterial agents but the resistance rate to imipenem was 3.30%.The resistant rate to third and fourth generation cepholosporins(excepting cefoperazone/sulbactam) and quinolones was more than 30% and to ampicillin and cefazolin was more than 94.00%.CONCLUSIONS E.cloacae is severely resistant to cepholosporins and quinolones.More attention should be paid to the surveillance of such strains.Imipenem may be considered for use in critical patients.

Objective To investigate the survival rate and the influencing factors in lupus nephritis (LN) patients with neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE). Methods Clinical characteristics and biochemical markers of 78 patients including 59 variances were analyzed. Patients were followed up from the onset of NPSLE to death. Patient survival rate was estimated by Kaplan-Meier method. Cox regression model was used to analyze influencing factors. Results Sixteen (20.5%) of 78 patients died of SLE or its complications. Infection was the main cause of death (31.3%). One-, 3-, 5- and 10-year survival rates were 83.2%, 81.7%, 76.7% and 76.7%, respectively. Hypertension (RR =6.965,95% CI:1.578-30.746, P= 0.010), pulmonary infection (RR=8.171,95% CI:1.954-34.177, P=0.004)and acute renal failure (RR=6.978,95%CI:2.063-23.609, P=0.002) were risk factors of mortality, while cyclophosphamide (CTX) impulse therapy (RR =0.130,95 % CI:0.031-0.541, P=0.005) and resolution of NPSLE (RR= 0.169, 95%CI:0.042-0.679,P=O.012)were protective factors. Conclusions Infection is the main cause of death in patients of LN complicated with NPSLE. Survival rate of LN patients with NPSLE in this study is lower than those of LN and NPSLE alone reported by other authors. Hypertension, pulmonary infection and acute renal failure are risk factors of mortality, while CTX impulse therapy and resolution of NPSLE reduce the mortality and improve the prognosis.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of trimebutine combined with mosapride on functional dyspepsia. Methods Patients with functional dyspepsia were randomly divided into three clinical groups. Group A (n=116) received 0.2 g trimebutine after meal,group the drug combination B (n=116) received 5 mg mosapride before meal,and the drug combination group (n=115) received 0. 2 g trimebutine after meal plus 5 mg mosapride before meal. All medications were taken orally three times daily for 4 weeks. Improvement in clinical symptoms and adverse reactions in each group were evaluated at the end of study. Results A total of 339 patients among 347 enrollees completed the treatment and follow-up. The clinical efficacy on postprandial fullness, early satiation, epigastric pain, epigastric burning, upper abdominal bloating and nausea were 88. 4%,76. 9%,72. 9%,61. 8%,86. 7% and 81. 7%,respectively in the drug combination group after 4-week treatment,which were superior to those in group A or B (P<0. 05) except for epigastric burning. The total effective rate of the drug combination group was 78. 8%,significantly higher than the other two groups (P<0. 05). The total incidence of side effects in the drug combination group was 1. 8%,similar to that of group A and B (1. 8% and 0. 9%,respectively, P =0. 776). Conclusion Trimebutine combined with mosapride is safe and effective for improving symptoms in functional dyspepsia.

This article was aimed to study the molecular network and bio-function ofBu-Fei-Yi-Shen (BFYS) decoction for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) by bioinformatics analysis, in order to provide new ideas for research on pharmacological mechanism of Chinese medicine compound prescription. Components of herbs in BFYS decoction were searched in the databases. Targeted proteins of each component were found from PubChem. Comparison analyses were performed on molecular network, bio-function and canonical pathways by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA). The results showed that there were 239 target proteins of BFYS decoction. There were 9 molecular networks of BFYS decoction. The top 3 networks' functions were Cellular Development, Energy Production, and Cancer. The top 3 bio-function of BFYS decoction were Cellular Growth and Proliferation, Cell Death and Survival, and Inflammatory Response. The top 3 canonical pathways of BFYS decoction were Cell Cycle:G1/S Checkpoint Regulation, Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Signaling, and Cyclins and Cell Cycle Regulation. It was concluded that the search of target proteins for herbal compounds and bioinformatics analysis by IPA can be used to reveal the molecular network and bio-function of BFYS decoction.

Objective To explore the neuroprotective mechanism of propofol by comparing the influence of propofol and isoflurane on inflammatory cytokines ( TNF-α、IL-1、ICAM-1 ) in patients with intracranial tumors. Methods One hundred and sixty-eight patients with intracranial neoplasm were randomly divided into two groups:the propofol ( Group P) and isoflurane (Group I),84 cases in each. Patients were given with propofol (3-6 μg·mL-1) by plasma target-controlled infusion or with continuously inhaled isoflurane ( 1%-2%) , respectively. The serum levels of TNF-α, IL-1 and ICAM-1 were detected before anesthesia and at 0,24,and 48 h after operation. Results The serum levels of TNF-α,IL-1 and ICAM-1 were significantly increased after operation as compared to baseline in both groups. The serum level of TNF-α was(69. 11±8. 95) and (76. 26±11.28) μg·mL-1,IL-1 was(21.57±3.19) and (29.58±4.38) ng·L-1,and ICAM-1 was (1.63±0.24)and (1.94±0.29) g·L-1 at 24 h post operation in Group P and Group I,respectively. These inflammatory cytokine levels were significantly higher in group I compared to group P at 24 and 48 h after operation (P<0. 05 or P<0. 01). Conclusion The target-controlled infusion of propofol brings about lower level of inflammatory reaction than isoflurane inhalation in patients with intracranial neoplasm,which may attribute to the mechanism of brain protection against injury.

Objective To explore the clinical regularity of drugs on epidemic encephalitis B with text mining technique. Methods The data set on epidemic encephalitis B was downloaded from CBM database. The regularities of Chinese herbal medicine, Chinese patent medicine (CPM), western medicine and the combination of CPM and western medicine on epidemic encephalitis B were mined by data slicing algorithm. The results are showed visually with Cytoscape 2.8 software. Results The main function of herbal pieces was focused on clearing heat and removing toxicity. The herbal pieces such as Rehmanniae Radix Isatidis Raxis, Isatids Folium, Paeoniae Radis rubra and Scutellariae Radix were most often used. Angong Niuhuang Wan and Qingkailing Injection were usually used as CPM. For western medicine, antiviral drugs such as interferon and ribavirin were often used, and they were often used together with brain cells nutrition medicine, hormone, immunopotentiator and so on, and they were also frequently used together with CPM such as Angong Niuhuang Wan and Qingkailing Injection. Conclusion Text mining approach provides an important method in exploring the medication regularity for diseas, and provide refenrence for clinical use.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of advanced glycosylation end products (AGEs) modified bovine serum albumin (AGE-BSA) on the expression of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in human renal mesangial cells (HRMCs).

METHODSHRMCs were cultured in vitro with medium containing different doses of AGE-BSA or BSA (50,100, 200, 400 mg/L) for 48 hours, or with AGE-BSA (200 mg/L) for different times (12, 24, 48, 72 h). Immunocytochemistry assay was used to estimate the protein level of RAGE. The ROS in cells were measured by flow cytometry and the mRNA expression of MCP-1 were analyzed by semi-quantiative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) after treatment with AGE-BSA or BSA.

RESULTSThe protein level of RAGE was upregulated in the HRMCs with AGE-BSA. The expression of ROS and MCP-1 significantly enhanced by incubation of AGE-BSA in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The effects of AGE-BSA-induced up-regulation of ROS and MCP-1 level was significantly blocked by neutralizing antibodies to RAGE, while the expression of ROS and MCP-1 stood nearly unchanged after cultured with huamn IgG.

CONCLUSIONThe expression of ROS and MCP-1 in HRMCs is induced by AGE-BSA through RAGE, which may have potential effects in the pathgenic mechanism of diabetic nephropathy.

Cells, Cultured ; Chemokine CCL2 ; metabolism ; Glycation End Products, Advanced ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Mesangial Cells ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Oxidative Stress ; drug effects ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; metabolism ; Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products ; Receptors, Immunologic ; metabolism ; Serum Albumin, Bovine ; pharmacology

In order to investigate the anti-proliferative effects of triptolide (TP) on 4T1 mice breast cancer cell line in vitro and in mouse model, as well as the possible mechanisms, we detected the effect of TP on cell proliferation by MTT assay or Crystal Violet Staining in our research. Flowcytometry combined with FITC-Annexin V/PI staining were used for detecting TP induced 4T1 cell apoptosis. The protein expression of ERalpha, p-ERalpha, ERbeta, p-ERbeta, ERK, p-ERK, p38, p-p38, SAPK/JNK, and p-SAPK/JNK was tested by western blotting. We also compare TP with chemotherapy drug doxorubicin in 4T1 tumor bearing BLAB/c mice model, the Xenogen bioluminescence imaging, H&E, and IHC result indicated that TP exhibits an anticancer proliferation activity. As a result, TP in 100, 10, 1, 0.1 micromol x L(-1), all inhibited the proliferation of 4T1 cells by MTT assay and Crystal Violet Staining. TP which concentrations is 10, 1, 0.1 micromol x L(-1) could induce the apoptosis of 4T1 cells and reduce the cell proliferation. TP in 200 microg x kg(-1) could inhibit the tumor growth in vivo. The anticancer proliferation of TP was involved in its effect on reducing expression of ERalpha, p-ERalpha, ERbeta, and p-ERbeta, but nothing to do with the activation of MAPK signaling pathway.
Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Diterpenes ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Down-Regulation ; drug effects ; Epoxy Compounds ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Lung Neoplasms ; secondary ; Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Phenanthrenes ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Phosphorylation ; drug effects ; Receptors, Estrogen ; metabolism ; Tumor Burden ; drug effects

Objective To compare genomic expression differences between androgenic complete hydatidiform mole (AnCHM) and normal first trimester villi with similar gestation weeks,and search for potential adjuvant diagnostic molecular markers.Methods Short tandem repeat (STR) detection was used to identify AnCHM,human oligonucleotide array U133 Plus 2.0 was used to measure genomic expression differences between AnCHM and normal villi,and quantitative fluorescent RT-PCR was used to verify array of several genes.Results Nine of 11 histologically diagnosed complete hydatidiform moles were found to be AnCHM by means of STR,and the other 2 were biparental complete hydatidifonn mole (BiCHM). Compared with villi,oligonueleotide array showed 279 genes (0.72%,279/38 500) were over expressed and 1710 genes (4.44%,1710/38 500) under expressed in AnCHM.Bioinformatics analysis found that differentially expressed genes were involved in multiple biological processes and pathways.Changes of imprinting genes,growth hormone genes and chorionie somatomammotropin hormone genes were especially remarkable.Conclusions Pathogenesis of AnCHM is a complex process involving multiple genes and pathways.Altered expression of imprint genes may play important roles in the process.

Objective:To value the application of two bacteria colony-PCR methods in the screening of phage antibody library. Methods:Five positive monoclonal bacterium were respectively suspended in either deionized water or 0.1% Triton X-100, and then boiled to be used as template in PCR. . The DNAs products of PCR were extracted and digested by two enzymes, and then determined by electrophoresis. Results:The inserted genes were detected in all the 5 clones after PCR and enzyme digestion .Conclusion:Bacteria colony-PCR can be used in screening positive recombinant colonies. The bacteria colony-PCR method with bacteria colonies suspended in deionized water is valuable in large scale positive recombinant bacterium screening.