Radioactive 125I interstitial brachytherapy is easy to cause the intestinal tract tissue damage.Its mechanism possibly correlates to the quick renewal speed of the intestinal tract tissue and a majority of ceils in M, G2 and late S phases. The tolerant dose of intestinal tract tissue is approximately 160 Gy. If the absorbed dose is higher than the tolerant one, the intestinal tract tissue will be damaged. In the clinical practice of radio-active 125I interstitial brachytherapy, through the strict plan of the TPS system before the operation, by using ul-trasound, CT, MR/and other imaging technologies in the operating process and establishing the suitable barrier protection between the seeds and intestinal tract tissue, the radioactive damage of the intestinal tract tissue my be reduced.

Incidence of knee periprosthetic fractures after total knee arthropoasty is increased,and is a challenging clinical problem. Treatment options include conservative and operative methods. Only the doctor have sufficient and systematic understanding of periprosthetic fractures and consider both advantages and dis-advantages before deciding the appropriate treatment, the satisfying treatment outcome will be got. we re-viewde the type, treatment methods and outcomes of periprosthetie fractures of total knee arthroplasty repor-ted in recent years.

Objective To explore the locus of control and the relationship with parenting patterns of ado-lescents with first-onset major depressive disorder (MDD). Methods Patients with first-onset MDD (n= 98) and controls (n=98) were investigated by Sphere of Control Questionaire and EMBU, the results were compared and analyzed correlatively. Results The scores of the individual strength scale ( 37.47±13.66) and the relations with people scale ( 38.65±13.19 ) of patients were significantly lower(P<0.05 ) than the controls [(45.39± 12.84) and (45.90±11.20 ) each], while the scores of social-political management (39.01±10.28) were not significantly lower (P>0.05)than the controls' (39.12±9.50). The scores of patients' paternal excessive inter-ference factor(2.66±0.49) , maternal excessive protection/interference (2.79±0.55 ) and rejection/denial fac-tor(2.55±0.39) of EMBU were significantly higher(P<0.05)than controls' [(2.17±0.58),(2.17±0.49) and( 1.75±0.51 ) each]. The scores of patients' paternal affection/understanding factor were significantly posi-tively correlative with patients' scores of relations with people (r=0.27, P<0.05), maternal affection/under-standing factor was significantly positively correlative with patients' scores of individual strength (r=0.21, P <0.05) and relations with people(r=0.23, P<0.05 ) , while maternal excessive interference/excessive protection and individual strength (r=-0.24, P<0.05 ) and relations with people (r=-0.22, P<0.05), maternal rejec-tion/denial and individual strength (r=-0.26, P<0.05) were significantly negatively correlative. Conclusion Adolescents with MDD have abnormal locus of control,which might be correlative with their parenting patterns.

Objective To study the influence on T-lymphocyte subsets in herpes zoster with adjuvant treatment of compound glycyrrhizin.Methods 93 patients with herpes zoster were randomly divided into two groups:control group(46 cases,treated with antiviral drugs) and 1 treatment group(47 cases,treated with compound glycyrrhizin and antiviral drugs).The expression of T-lymphocyte subsets on the T cell surface in patients and control group were determined by flow cytometry.Results The expression of CD3,CD4,CD8,CD4/CD8 ratio was significantly different in the treatment group and control group.Conclusion Compound glycyrrhizic adjuvant therapy could not only shorten check blister,acetanilide,scar tissue and recovery time,reduce the sequela of neuralgia,but also affect the expression state of T lymphocyte subsets with herpes zoster,improve the cellular immune function with herpes zoster.

Ampullary cancer is a relatively uncommon cancer,which is often considered to have a best prognosis among periampullary cancers.Preoperative endoscopic uhrasonography and transpapillary intraductal ultrasonography Call provide useful information not only for tumor staging but also for making therapeutic decisions,especially in patients who are appropriate for endoscopic papillectomy.Whipple resection and pylrus preserring panereaticoduodenectomy are considered to be the standard treatment for ampullary cancer.Although transduedenal ampullectomy is regarded as a less-invasive treatment compared with Whipple resection,it has a high morbidity and hish rate of cancer-cell remnant at the resected margin.Endoscopic papiilectomy may be the treatment of choice for selected cases of ampullary cancer. As to unresectable ampullary cancer,the performance of a biliary-enteric bypass is considered routine to solve obstructive ianndice.The decision as to whether to perform gastrojejunostomy in patients without obvious gastroduodenal obstruction secondary to the tumor remains controversial.We believe that prophylactic gastrojejunostomy should be performed routinely when a patient is undergoing surgical palliation for unresectable ampullary cancer.

Sepsis is one of the most common causes of mortality in the intensive care units (ICUs) with high mortality rates which may be related to the lack of thoroughly understanding of the specific pathophysiological mechanisms.Improved treatment protocols have resulted in most patients got out of the initial hyperinflammatory phase and entered into a protracted immune suppressed phase.Deaths in this immunosuppressive phase are typically due to failure to control the primary infection or the secondary nosocomial infections often with opportunistic pathogens.As the complexity in multiple systems and varied mechanisms involved in the development of disease,the disorder of immune system and inflammation reaction may be one of the main mechanisms,which were mainly characterized by inflammation cytokines storm and immune dysfunction.The mechanism in the later course of disease may include apoptosis and depletion of immune cells,increased suppression of T regulatory cell and increased myeloid-derived suppressor cell,and cellular exhaustion.In this review we focus on the pathophysiologic mechanism of sepsis with immune compromized,monitoring the immune response,the cellular immunoadjuvant therapy,and improving the recognition of sepsis immunosuppression.

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the marketing of hemostatic drugs use in China from 2006 to 2008.METHODS:By reviewing literature both at home and abroad and combining the data of the sales volume and consumption sum of hemostatic drugs from 2006 to 2008 and in the first 3 quarters of 2008 available in the "State Medicine Economy Information Network",the drug variety and manufacturers were analyzed statistically.RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:Hemopexin assumed a dominate place in the market of hemostatic drugs,accounting for 38% of total in sales value,followed by tranexamic acid and aprotinin.Switzerland Sugao pharmaceutical factory ranked at the first place in terms of sales value of hemostatic drugs.

Objective The purpose of this study was to determine if parafascicular nucleus of thalamus is involved in the nociceptive stimulation evoked by coronary artery occlusion-induced acute myocardial ischemia and to investigate the effect of fentanyl on this nociceptive stimulation. Methods Male SD rats weighing 260-300 g were operated upon under general anesthesia with intraperitoneal urethane (1.2 g ? kg -1 ) and local infiltration of the skin incision. The discharges of pain-sensitive neurons (PSN) were recorded for 20 seconds every 5 min using single-barrel glass electrode before and after the coronary artery occlusion ( CAO) . The study was divided into 3 groups: group Ⅰ CAO alone ( n = 9); group Ⅱ CAO + fentanyl ( n = 6) : fentanyl 0.01 mg ?kg-1 was administered iv 15 min after CAO; group Ⅲ CAO + fentanyl + naloxone ( n = 6) : naloxone 0.04 mg? kg-1 was administered iv 15 min after intravenous fentanyl administration. Results The discharge frequency was significantly increased following CAO and peaked within 5-10 min after CAO and maintained for 60 min. The increased frequency of nociceptive discharge was significantly inhibited within 10 min after fentanyl and intravenous naloxone could completely antagonize the inhibitory effect of fentanyl. Conclusion Visceral pain can be evoked by acute myocardial ischemia induced by coronary artery occlusion. Thalamic parafascicular nucleus is involved in the perception of nociception in CNS. Opioid receptors play a critical role in the modulation of the nociception.

Atrial Fibrillation ; complications ; drug therapy ; Coronary Artery Disease ; complications ; drug therapy ; Fibrinolytic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Humans

There are three systems to protect the geographical indications of genuine medical materials in present China, which easily leads to the right-conflicts among several geographical indications rights. The situation is not reasonable, but is legitimate in the current legal system. So we should start from the present legislation and learn from foreign experience to resolve it step by step. To be specific, in the short term, we should strengthen propaganda and alter the existing logos to reduce the possibility of consumer confusion. Meanwhile, we should annul or revoke the registration of the improperly registered geographical indications. In the medium term, we should make some amendments to the legislation, that is, to give priorities to geographical indication products. At last, we should change the three systems into a single protection mode on the basis of the geographical indication products system.