China ; Encephalitis Virus, Japanese ; genetics ; immunology ; isolation & purification ; Encephalitis, Japanese ; virology ; Humans ; Research ; trends

Animals ; Arbovirus Infections ; prevention & control ; virology ; Arboviruses ; growth & development ; Biomedical Research ; methods ; standards ; trends ; China ; Humans ; Insect Vectors ; virology

Animals ; China ; Culex ; Insect Vectors ; Longitudinal Studies

Familial pancreatic cancer is a known hereditary cancer syndrome with autosomal dominant inheritance and accounts for about 3% of all pancreatic cancers. With the development of molecular genetics,several genes have been identified related with the familial pancreatic cancer, including breast cancer susceptibility gene 2, Palladin, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A, et al. In particular, mutations in some of these genes have been defined as the hereditary basis of particular cancer syndromes. Molecular genetics surveillance for high risk populace can lead to the diagnosis of asymptomatic, early-stage pancreatic cancer or precancerous lesions.

The syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion ( SIADH ),characterized with dilutional hyponatremia,is the most frequent pathophysiology of euvolemic hyponatremia in hospital inpatients.Conventional therapies for SIADH include fluid resriction,saline infusion,and some pharmacologic adjustments of fluid balance.For various reasons,conventional therapies show poor efficiency.Vasopressin receptor antagonist,a new class of pharmacologic agent,can directly block vasopressin-mediated receptor activation and target underlying pathophysiology of SIADH.

Aged ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Intermittent Claudication ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nervous System Diseases ; complications ; diagnosis ; Vascular Diseases ; complications ; diagnosis

Objective To investigate antimicrobial resistance characteristics and mechanisms of imipenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P .aeruginosa)isolated from clinical specimens.Methods Bacterial strains were identi-fied by BD Phoenix 100 automatic microbial analysis system,antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by Kirby-Bauer method;Carbapenemase genes (IMP ,VIM ,OXA,GES )and outer membrane protein gene oprD2 were detected by polymerase chain reaction.Results Resistant rates of imipenem-resistant P .aeruginosa strains to ami-kacin was the lowest (8.33%);resistant rates to gentamicin and tobramycin were<20%;resistant rates to the third and fourth generation cephalosporins,aztreonam,meropenem,compound sulfamethoxazole and minocycline were all>60%,and all strains were resistant to ampicillin/sulbactam.The positive rate of OXA-17 gene was 2.78%(n=1 ),deletion rate of oprD2 was 38.89%,the other drug-resistant genes were not detected.Conclusion Except aminoglycosides,resistance of imipenem-resistant P .aeruginosa to other antimicrobial agents is serious;resistance of P .aeruginosa to imipenem may be due to lacking of OprD2 and production of carbapenemases.

Early and accurate diagnosis of hepatic fibrosis and application of antiviral therapy are the key to improving the prognosis of patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB).Liver biopsy and transient elastography cannot be widely used for the diagnosis of hepatic fibrosis in clinical practice,and therefore,the serological diagnostic model has become a hot research topic in recent years.This article introduces a new serological diagnostic model,γ-glutamyl transpeptidase-to-platelet ratio (GPR),which has a high value in the diagnosis of hepatic fibrosis in CHB patients;however,the accuracy of GPR varies between different populations and different areas.GPR is also an excellent predictor for the prognosis of hepatitis B-associated liver cancer.It is pointed out that GPR has a promising future in the diagnosis of hepatic fibrosis in CHB patients,but due to a lack of clinical research data on GPR,further studies are needed to support its application in China.

A reninoma is a renal juxtaglomerular cell apparatus tumor that produces excessive amounts of renin,resulting in secondary hyperaldosteronism,and associated hypertension and hypokalemia.It is a rare form of secondary hypertension and occurs mainly in young adult females.Common symptoms include headache,nocturia,polyuria,polydipsia,and fatigue.Imaging examination and selective renal vein sampling has been the traditional method of localizing the tumour.The diagnosis should be considered in all patients with hypertension and hypokalemia and no evidence of primary hyperaldosteronism and renal artery stenosis.Reninoma represents a surgically correctable cause of hypertension.

The spirit of contract, with freedom, equality and reciprocity of power and responsibility as basic connotation and containing credit consciousness, is the core content of the concept of rule of law. People′s desire for justice, recognition of fairness, reliance on integrity contained in the concept of rule of law all originate from the spirit of contract, such as contract party's expectation of fairness, performance of obligation, abiding by the valid contract. Not only does the concept of rule of law reflect the essence requirement of the spirit of contract, but also is the external form of realization. Therefore, in order to enhance the concept of rule of law of the college students, it is a certain choice to cultivate the spirit of contract. However, the current paths to cultivate the spirit of contract are mainly theoretical research, environmental influence and system perfection.