Objective To investigate the effect of comprehensive treatment and prognosis guide in children with febrile seizures caused by upper respiratory infections.Methods 58 cases of children with febrile seizures caused by upper respiratory infections were divided into the two groups using a random number table method,and the control group received routine first aid and treatment,while the observation group took comprehensive treatment and prognosis guide.The clinical efficacy and recurrence were compared.Results The observation group's abatement of fever time,seizures disappear time and average length of stay was (30.15 ±2.78)h,(4.25 ±0.63)d and (6.51 ±0.52) d,which were significantly less than those of the control group [(45.43 ± 3.14) h,(7.11 ± 0.72) d and (10.02 ± 0.67) d] (t =10.21,9.62,10.30,all P ＜ 0.05) ; The observation group's relapse rate was 13.79％ after treatment,significantly lower than 31.03 ％ of the control group (x2 =11.23,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The comprehensive treatment combined with prognosis guide has significant effect in the treatment of children with febrile seizures caused by upper respiratory infections,which can significantly improve clinical symptoms,reduce relapse after treatment.So it has a better clinical value.

Objective To investigate causes for Kojewnikow syndrome,by observing its clinical characteristics,electroencephalography and findings in imaging scanning. Methods Twelve patients with Kojewnikow syndrome were accessed with clinical observation, electroencephalography and imaging scanning. Results Kojewnikow syndrome is clinically charaterized by secouse twitching and simple partialis motor continua.Viral encephalitis is by far the most of common cause for Kojewnikow syndrome, followed by meningo-encephalitis,cerebral glioma,cerebral cysticercosis, cerebral infarction, diabetes, and cryptogenic epilepsyKojewnikow syndrome tends to occur in watershed area. Conclusions Kojewnikow syndrome falls into two main groups.It is important to improve the diagnosis and find the causes for Kojewnikow and to access its clinical manifestations, electroencephalography and findings in the imaging scanning.The seizures cannot be readily controlled by the anticonvulsants,so the prognosis is poor.

Objective To evaluate the clinical pathology meaning of atypical squamous cell of undetermined significance (ASCUS) in cervical cytology. Methods The clinical data of 2118 cases who underwent cervical liquid thin-prep cell test (TCT) were analyzed retrospectively, ASCUS and squamous epithelium (SIL) were diagnosed according to the classification of the data TBS cytology, the histopathological examination results were tracked. Results The incidence of ASCUS was 3.4% (72/2218), and the ratio for SIL ( 1.2%, 25/2118) was 2.9. In the cellular pathology of ASCUS, there were four aspects, atypical surface cells and atypical hollowed cells in 16 cases (22.2%), atypical atrophy of the squamous epithelial cells in 11 cases (15.3%), atypical mature or immature metaplastic cells 28 cases (38.9%), atypical cells less influence diagnosis 17 cases (23.6%). Tracking the histologic findings in 43 cases with chronic cervicitis 22 cases (51.2%), low level squamous epithelium neoplasia in 12 cases (27.9%), high levels of squamous epithelial change in 8 cases (18.6%), squamous cell carcinoma 1 case(2.3%). Conclusion ASCUS exists within the risk of squamous lesions, management should be strengthened.

BACKGROUND:Insulin taken orally is easy to be degraded by hydrochloric acid in the gastric juice and various enzymes in the gastrointestinal tract.It is hard for oral insulin to pass through the epithelial cell membrane in the gastrointestinal tract.Insulin delivered by injection needs at least 36 hours every administration.Many pulmonary administrations of insulin have been recentl studied,such as dry powder inhalation,aerosol inhalation,electron spraying,insulin nanometer technique,and absorption enhancer,with promising clinical application prospects.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the glucose-lowering effects of insulin delivered by oral inhalation in normal rats.METHODS:Thirty healthy male rats,weighing (220±30) g were randomly divided into seven groups:low dose insulin (1.0 U/kg,n=4),middle dose insulin (5.0 U/kg,n=4),high dose insulin (10,0 U/kg,n=4),insulin (2.0 U/kg) +5% lecithin (n=5),insulin (2.0 U/kg)+1% oleic acid (n=5),insulin (2.0 U/kg) +1% diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA; n=5),and blank control (n=3).At 0,30,60,120,180,240 minutes after administration.1.5μL blood was taken from rat tails through the use of ONE TOUCH~(TM) BASICTM PLUS blood glucose detection system for determination of blood glucose level and calculation of insulin pharmacological bioavailability under various conditions.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Insulin (1U/kg) markedly decreased glucose levels immediately after inhalation.Blood glucose level decreased with increasing insulin dose.Insulin (10 U/kg) could produce a 14.5% decrease of blood glucose level.Insulin (1 U/kg) could yield a pharmacological bioavailability of 11.5% in the absence of absorption enhancer.The concomitant administration of oleic acid,DTPA and lecithin appeared to be more effective in enhancing the pulmonary absorption of insulin,and decreasing blood glucose level.

DTC in pediatric and adolescent patients has lower incidence and is generally reported to have better prognosis.However,compared with DTC in adults,it is more aggressive and the recurrence rate is higher.Surgery and adjuvant radioiodine therapy can minimize the risk of recurrence.Total or near total thyroidectomy combined with central compartment lymph node dissection is the preferred surgical procedure for most of these patients.Radioiodine therapy for ablation of thyroidal remnant or residual disease is recommended in order to reduce the risk of tumor recurrence,but there is slight chance of increased risk of a sec ond primary malignancy (SPM).Long-term follow-up is therefore recommended for the pediatrics and adolescents with DTC after treatment.Multi-disciplinary collaborative management is needed to optimize treatment efficacy and to minimize adverse effects.

Objective To investigate the levels of complement and activated complement factors in peripheral blood and skin in patients with psoriasis and their significance in the development of psoriatic lesion.Methods Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immuno turbidi metric analysis were used to determine the levels of C3d, sC5b-9, C3 and C4 in sera from 57 patients with psoriasis vulgaris.Immunohistochemistry was employed to assess in situ expression of SC5b-9 in lesional and non lesional skin of 37 patients.Results There was a significant decrease of C3 and C4, and increase of C3d and sC5b-9 in patients with psoriasis in comparison with those of normal controls (t=10.88～ 24.80, P<0.01).The levels of C3 and C4 were significantly lower, while the levels of C3d and sC5b-9 were significantly higher in progressive stage than those in static stage (t=4.55～ 6.77,P< 0.01).In situ expression of sC5b-9 was significantly higher in stratum corneum and dermo epidermal junction of lesional skin than that in non lesional skin and normal controls (χ2=62.90,45.45;P< 0.01).There was no significant difference of C5b-9 expression in stratum corneum and dermoepidermal junction of lesional skin between progressive and static stage.Conclusions There is significant correlation between the development of psoriatic lesion and local deposit of activated complement factors.

Objective To explore the correlation between the leukocyte rheology, cell adhesion molecule(CAM) expression and psoriasis. Methods Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA), erythrocyte deformability apparatus and in vitro thrombus and platelet adhesion dual purpose apparatus were used to determine the changes of leukocyte CD18 expression, levels of serum soluble intercelular adhesion molecule 1(sICAM 1), and the changes of leukocyte filtration index(LFI) and leukocyte adhesion rate(LAR). Results The leukocyte CD18 expression, sICAM 1 level, LFI and LAR were significantly increased in patients with psoriasis than those in controls(P

Objective To investigate the levels of complement and activated co mplement factors in peripheral blood and skin in patients with psoriasis and the ir significance in the development of psoriatic lesion. Methods Enzyme linked im munosorbent assay (ELISA) and immuno turbidi metric analysis were used to dete rmine the levels of C3d, sC5b－9, C3 and C4 in sera from 57 patients with psori asis vulgaris. Immunohistochemistry was employed to assess in situ expression of SC5b－9 in lesional and non lesional skin of 37 patients. Results There was a significant decrease of C3 and C4, and increase of C3d and sC5b－9 in patient s with psoriasis in comparison with those of normal controls (t=10.88～ 24.80, P

Objective To explore the relationship between urine TGF-? 1 concentration and long-term function of renal allograft. Methods From August 1, 1999 to December 30, 2000, the urinary content of TGF-? 1 was determined in 146 patients who had had renal transplantation one year ago but with normal renal function. The relative content of urine TGF-? 1 was 172.5～533.1pg/mg Cr. Forty patients each with higher or lower urine TGF-? 1 concentrations were selected to form group Ⅰ and Ⅱ. Two years later, renal function variables, blood and urine TGF-? 1 concentrations were compared between the two groups. The relation between urine TGF-? 1 and chronic allograft nephropathy (CAN)was assessed. Biopsies of transplanted kidneys were carried out in recipients whose creatinine was higher than normal. Results Three years after transplantation, creatinine clearance rate was lowered by 12.8?10.6ml/min in group Ⅰ patients, and 29.6% of them were diagnosed as CAN. Compared with group Ⅱ, the lowering of creatinine clearance rate was more intense and the incidence of CAN was higher, with obviously higher urinary TGF-? 1 content. The differences were significant. Conclusions TGF-? 1 may play a role in the pathogenesis of CAN after renal transplantation, and urinary TGF-? 1 may be considered as an indicator in assessing long term renal function in such case.

Objective To investigate whether cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is associated with chronic allograft nephropathy (CAN). Methods 131 patients underwent kidney transplantation from August 1, 1999 to November 30, 2000 were enrolled in this study. CMV-pp65 antigen load (the number of CMV-pp65-positive leukocytes) in peripheral blood within 6 months of posttransplant was detected, and TGF-? 1 mRNA expression in renal allograft biopsy was measured at the 7th month after transplant. The renal functions of the patients were followed up at least three years. Results The TGF-? 1 mRNA level in allografts of the patients with long-time and high-level CMV-pp65 antigen load was obviously higher that that of the patients without. 3 years after transplant, there were lower Ccr and more renal dysfunction in the patients with long-time and high-level CMV-pp65 antigen load than in the patients without, the difference of which was significant between the two groups of patients. Conclusion Serious CMV infection with long duration can damage the function of kidney graft, and is a risk factor for renal dysfunction.