Objective　To further investigate the balance (relative presence) of Th1 and Th2 subsets at the sites of rheumatoid inflammation,and to understand how about the expression of IL-18 in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA),and what the relationship exists between expression of IL-18 and rate of Th1/Th2 in RA,and between IL-18 level and activity of the disease.Method　Expression of IFN-γ,IL-4,and IL-18 mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from 16 patients with RA and 15 healthy subjects was detected by semi-quantitative RT-PCR.Results　① PBMC from patients with RA was found to contain greater levels of IL-18 mRNA than that from healthy subjects (P＜0.01).② IL-18 mRNA levels were correlated with IFN-γ mRNA (relative coefficients:r＝0.836,P＜0.05).③ IL-18 mRNA levels were associated with the disease activity as assessed by levels of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (r＝0.753,P＜0.05).Conclusion　IL-18 is among a matrix of inflammatory cytokines produced abundantly in patients with RA and is associated with induction of IFN-γ and activity of the disease.

Objective To discuss the correlation of serum TNFR level with renal function injury in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)and normal albumin excretion.Methods 90 T2DMpatients with normal albu-min excretion(24h urine albumin excretion rate <20μg/min)were divided into three groups according to the esti-mated glomerular filtration rate level:eGFR >90mL · min -1 · (1.72m2 )-1 ,eGFR 60 -90mL · min -1 · (1.72m2 )-1 and eGFR <60mL·min -1 ·(1.72m2 )-1 ,30 cases in each group.The serum TNFRs level and related clinical data were measured and analyzed statistically.Results The levels of serum TNFR1,TNFR2 were negatively correlated with eGFR(r =-0.428,-0.335,all P <0.05),and positively correlated with Scr(r =0.476,0.225,all P <0.05)in patients with T2DM and normal albumin excretion.The course of disease and the levels of BUN,Scr, CysC,α1 -MG,β2 -MG were increased as the degree of renal function injury.All these index had statistically signifi-cant differences in three groups(F =3.758,5.851,71.738,25.751,7.530,13.735,all P <0.05).Logistic regres-sion analysis showed that the levels of serum TNFR1,TNFR2 were independent risk factors for renal impairment in patients with T2DMand normal albumin excretion(OR =2.009,1.143,all P <0.05).Conclusion TNFRs may be involved in the development and progression of renal impairment,and may become a new conventional indicator for DN because of reflecting the degree of renal function injury in some extent in T2DMpatients with normal albumin excretion.

Objective To investigate the effects of long-term consumption of Fallopia multiflora on mouse hematopoietic system.Methods Forty 10-month old female C57BL/6J mice were equally divided into two groups at random, the control group fed with normal food , and the experimental group , given food with added Fallopia multiflora. After 10 month, the mice were sacrificed, and the peripheral blood, spleen, thymus and bone marrow cells were examined by flow cytometry.Results In the mice fed with Fallopia multiflora, the percentage of B cells in the spleen and CD 4 +cells in the thymus were increased , and CD8 + cells in the thymus and bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells were decreased , among the bone marrow cells , G0 cells were increased , but G1 and G2/S/M cells decreased .Conclusions Long-term proper consumption of Fallopia multiflora can delay the ageing of the hematopoietic system , and sustain its stability.

Objective To explore the association of the inherent cellular level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) with the sensitivity of the gastric and esophageal carcinoma cells to arsenic trioxide (As 2O 3). Methods The difference of sensitivity to apoptosis induction by low concentration (2 ?mol/L) of As 2O 3 between the gastric carcinoma cell line SGC7901 and MKN45, and between the esophageal carcinoma cell line EC/CUHK1 and EC1867 was firstly demonstrated. SGC7901 was more sensitive than MKN45, and EC/CUHK1 more sensitive than EC1867 to As 2O 3. Then dihydrogenrhodamine 123 (DHR123), as a ROS capture, was incubated with the cells in the absence of As 2O 3. The fluorescent intensity of rhodamine 123, the product of cellular oxidation of DHR 123, was assayed by flow cytometry. The ROS levels was thus detected. Results Inherent cellular ROS level is higher in SGC7901 and EC/CUHK1. They are more sensitive to As 2O 3, than the corresponding cell line MKN45 and EC1867. Conclusions The difference in inherent cellular ROS level of gastric and esophageal carcinoma cells is associated with the cellular sensitivity to apoptosis induced by As2O 3.

Objective To observe the effect of tetraethylplyrazine(TMP) on outward K~+ channel of outer hair cells in guinea pig cochlea.Methods 60 guinea pigs were divided into 6 groups randomly in the experiment.Auditory brainstem response was used to monitor the change of ABR thresholds and patch clamp techniques to observe the effect of TMP on outward K~+ channel.Results TMP decreased the elevated ABR threshold caused by streptomycin. The TMP increased the amplitudes of calcium sensitive potassium channels (I_ K(Ca) ) and delayed outward potassium channels (IK) of outer hair cells of guinea pig cochlea.Conclusion The study indicates that TMP may act as a protective agent against ototoxicity of streptomycin. The amplitudes of I_ K(Ca) and IK of outer hair cells are increased by the TMP,suggesting the possible mechanisms of reducing ototoxicity.

Objective:To compare the efficacy and adverse reactions of omeprazole and pantoprazole in the treatment of patients with peptic ulcer bleeding. Methods: Totally 362 cases of peptic ulcer bleeding were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group with 181 ones in each. The control group was treated by omeprazole 40mg in 0. 9% sodium chloride injection 100ml, ivd, bid, and the observation group was given pantoprazole 80mg in 0. 9% sodium chloride injection 100ml, ivd, bid. The treatment course was 3-6 days. The times of vomiting and melena, bleeding situation and bleeding stopping time in the two groups were observed and recorded, and the clinical efficacy, adverse drug reactions during the treatment and the expense of the two groups were also compared. Results:The bleeding amount on the first and third day in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0. 05), the average bleeding stopping time and the average times of black stools and vomiting in the observation group were also significantly lower than those in the control group(P < 0. 05). The effective rate of the observation group was 92. 27%, that of the control group was 90. 61%, and the difference was not statistically significant (P >0. 05). The average daily cost of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P <0. 05). The difference in the incidence of adverse drug reactions of the two groups was not statistically significant (P > 0. 05). Conclusion:The efficacy of omeprazole and pantoprazole in the treatment of peptic ulcer bleeding was similar with high security. However, pantoprazole may reduce the times of vomiting and melena, shorten the bleeding time and decrease the treatment cost.

A comparative study of systemic lupus erythematosus in 39 male(MSLE) and 120 female (FSLE) patients was carried out. The results showed that, in MSLE, the mean age at the time of disease onset was similar to FSLE, and the clinical features were nearly the same as those in females, except that the first signs of MSLE were less complicated than those of FSLE, malar rash occurred less commonly in MSLE than in FSLE(P

Objective To investigate the influence of Siraitia Grosvenori and Rehmannia Glutinosa on the Hematopoietic stem cells proliferation and function .Methods Cells from the peripheral blood , spleen and bone marrow of mice were stained with indicated antibodies , and analyzed by flow cytometry .Mice were divided 3 groups:control group, Siraitia Grosvenori treatment group and Rehmannia Glutinosa treatment group .After 4.5Gy IR treatment, mice divided 4 groups: control group, 4.5Gy IR treatment and feed with normal food, 4.5Gy IR treatment and feed with Siraitia Grosvenori and 4.5Gy IR treatment and feed with Rehmannia Glutinosa for 1 month.Results Mice fed with Siraitia Grosvenori and Rehmannia Glutinosa decreased the percentage of B cells and increased the percentage of M cell .For HSCs, the number of HSCs was increased , especially the number of LT-HSCs.After 4.5Gy IR treatment, mice fed with Siraitia Grosvenori and Rehmannia Glutinosa increase the number of HSCs , and increased the percentage of M cells . Conclusion Siraitia Grosvenori and Rehmannia Glutinosa promote the hematopoietic stem cells and progenitor cells proliferation and function and recover the damage that caused by IR treatment .

Objective To study the influence of Apo E gene knockout on the lymphocytes . Methods Cells from the peripheral blood, spleen and bone marrow of Apo E knockout and wildtype mice were stained with kinds of antibodies , and analyzed by flow cytometry .Results Compared with wildtype mice , significant differences were found in B and T lymphoctes in the peripheral blood and spleen , but there was no significant difference in pre B cells , T lymphocytes in the thymus and long term hematopoietic stem cell in the Apo E knockout mice .Conclusion Numbers of B lymphocytes decreased in the peripheral blood and spleen , but there was no significant difference in B , T lymphocytes development , and numbers of long term hematopoietic stem cell in Apo E gene knockout mice .

Objective Systematic review the effect and side effect of Probucol on contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CIAKI), and to evaluate the characteristics and strength of the protective effect. Methods Electronic search studies from databases published in English and Chinese before March 2014, and hand searches of relevant randomized controlled trials of references. Features, the quality of research and valid data of included studies were extracted, then using RevMan 5.0 software to conduct a Meta-analysis base on Cochrane systematic review methods. Results A total of 11 literatures described eight randomized controlled trials involving 1938 cases of patients evaluated the effect of Probucal on CIAKI. A total of seven studies involving 1,298 patients, compared the incidence of CIAKI, the total incidence rate was 10.9%(141/1298), CIAKI incidence was 5.7%(37/652) in the Probucal group and 16.1%(104/646) in the control group (RR 0.37, 95%CI 0.26~0.53). Lower postoperative creatinine values was observed in Probucol group, compared with the control group on the first day Weighted Mean Difference (WMD-6.76, 95%CI-9.33~-4.20)μmol/L, the second day (WMD-16.90, 95%CI-22.61~-11.19)μmol/L, the third day(WMD-11.05, 95%CI-17.65~-4.45)μmol/L, and lower peak postoperative creatinine than the control group[(WMD- 14.58, 95%CI- 19.00 ~ - 10.16)μmol/L]. Probucol group with lower postoperative urinary KIM-1[(WMD-3.64 , 95%CI-3.72~-3.57) ng/ml], and the serum CysC was also low. Conclusions Preoperative or postoperative oral Probucol has a protective effect on CIAKI, can reduce the rise of postoperative renal injury indicators of coronary angiography or coronary intervention, such as serum creatinine and CysC, and CIAKI can be reduced by about 60%, no significant side effects observed.