Objective To quantify Contribution to LE at Birth from Mortality Variation for Some Diseases in Shanghai.Methods Health problem for population was classified into 5 group: infectious group,tumor,cerebrovascular group,injury and others.Cause elimination life table methods was employed to analyze the mortality registry data for Shanghai residents during 1953 to 1999.Chisquare for trend was used to analyze the variation for ASMR and Pearson correlation was used to describe the relationship between the variation of LE at birth and social economic factors.Results During 1953 to 1999,crude mortality rate(CMR),mortality rate by area,age-specific mortality rate(ASMR) from infectious group diseases showed obvious trends of descending.Also CMR and ASMR from injury for urban residents showed obvious trends of ascending.However,for suburb residents,CMR from injury had a trend of decline but ASMR had no significant trend.CMR from tumor and cerebrovascular group for Shanghai residents showed a rising trend but mortality rate by area and ASMR not.After 1979,the proportion of contribution for the rise of LE at birth for Shanghai urban residents from infectious group was about 33%,which was much higher than that of other 3 groups.The proportions of contribution in suburb male group from injury and cerebrovascular were 40.26% and 25.18%,respectively.The variation of mortality risk from tumor for urban male residents gave a negative contribution to respondent rise of LE at birth.Besides,the proportions of contribution in suburb female group from infectious disease(21.60%) and injury(12.55%) were largest.Compared to the mortality in 1996,among infectious group,injuries,tumor and cerebrovascular group,potential decline of mortality from tumor contribute the most to the rise of LE at birth,cerebrovascular group has the second,injury had the third and infectious group has the least.Development of Shanghai medical service resource showed a significant correlation with the rise of LE at birth.Conclusion Shanghai has successfully prevented and controlled the infectious disease group.The future strategy for disease prevention and control ought to focus on tumor,cerebrovascular diseases and injury.Based on the theory of risk competing,cause elimination life table method help greatly to set proper LE aims for public health plan.

Acrolein ; poisoning ; Humans

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of maternal pat with Chinese medicine in episiotomy wound care. Methods One thousand one hundred cases of maternal with full-term,vaginal delivery, episiotomy in the Beijing Tongren Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University from Jun. 2013 to Jun. 2014 were randomly divided into test group and control group. Patients in test group were given routine nursing care combined with Chinese medicine maternal pat to nurse perineal wound,while in the control group were given routine nursing combined with common maternal pat. The data of perineal wound swelling,pain and healing were recorded and compared in two groups. Results The incidences of mild,moderated swelling within 24 h,48 h in test group were 35. 5%( 195/550 )and 6. 0%( 33/550 ),13. 4%( 74/550 )and 1. 6%( 9/550 ),significantly lower than that of the control group( 24 h:51. 5%( 283/550 ),24. 5%( 135/550 );48 h:34. 2%( 188/550 ), 2. 7%(15/550);Z=12. 555,8. 144;P﹤0. 01). The incidences of moderate,severe pain within 24 h,48 h in test group were 12. 5%(69/550)and 2. 9%(16/550),8. 4%(46/550)and 1. 3%(7/550),significantly lower than that of the control group( 24 h:37. 3%( 205/550 ),7. 5%( 41/550 );48 h:20. 6%( 113/550 ),3. 5%(19/550);Z=10. 429,11. 886;P ﹤0. 01). The wound healing rate in test group was 92. 36%,significantly higher than that of control group( 80. 73%,P ﹤0. 01 ). The wound infection rate in test group was 1. 82%, significant lower than that of control group(3. 82%,P﹤0. 01). The incidence of comfort and satisfaction in test group was 90. 18%,significantly higher than that of control group(73. 09%;Z= -5. 614,-7. 345;P ﹤0. 05). Conclusion Nursing lateral episiotomy wound using Chinese medicine maternal pat can reduce the swelling, pain and promote wound healing with convenient and comfortable. Therefore,it is worth of the clinical popularization and application.

Objective To study HBeAg change in patients infected hepatitis B virus(HBV) with pre-C signal enzyme cleavage site mutation. Methods Mutation in pre-C signal enzyme cleavage site was detected by PCR-RFLP. The PreC/C gene with mutation was amplified by PCR and was cloned to EB viral eukarotic expression vector. Then transfect the vector with wild type or mutant PreC/C gene to HepG2 cell. SEAP reporter system was used to monitor the efficiency of transfection. HBeAg and its precursor in the supernatant and HepG2 cell were detected by ELISA and Western blot. Results HBeAg was positive in the supernatant of wild type and negative control in T1862 vaniant by ELISA. In HepG2 cell transfected with wild type, three proteins were detected by Western blot, they were HBeAg(17 000) and two HBeAg precursor(22 000 and 25 000). And in HepG2 cell transfected T1862 vaniant, only two HBeAg precursor was detected. The precursor in cells transfected withT1862 vaniant were significantly stronger than cells transfected with wild type. Conclusion Mutation in pre-C signal enzyme cleavage site may affect the decoration of HBeAg, which may cause great of HBeAg precursor locating in cells and lead to HBeAg negative in serum of patients infected with HBV.

Objective To confirm the immunomodulatory effect of ursolic acid on normal and immunosuppressive mice caused by cyclophosphamide.Methods We assayed the function of T lymphocyte transformation with MTT test,examined the function of B lymphocyte with hemolysis spectrophotography,determined the function of non-specific immunity with phagocytosis of macrophages,and measured the content changes of Th_(1) cytokine IL-2 and Th_(2) cytokine IL-6 in serum with ELISA.Results Ursolic acid had a suppressant effect on the function of humoral immunity and enhanced cell-mediated immune response at the low dosage but presented opposite effect at the high dosage in normal mice.Ursolic acid significantly improved immune function on immunosuppressive mice caused by cyclophosphamide(P

ObjectiveTo investigate the protective effect of pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) on damage of hippocampal neurons induced by NMDA.MethodsHippocampal neurons were cultured in vitro and NMDA was used to induce neurotoxicity 8 d after, while PQQ were used or not before. The metamorphosis of hippocampal neurons was observed under the microscope. Intracellular calcium levels was measured by confocal laser microscopy. ResultsThe intracellular Ca2+ level increased rapidly after exposure to 0.1 mmol/L NMDA and resulted in neuronal necrosis and apoptosis. Otherwise, pretreatment of the cultured neurons with PQQ reduced the increase of the intracellular Ca2+ level and the neuronal necrosis or apoptosis induced by NMDA.ConclusionPQQ can protect hippocampal neurons from damage induced by NMDA.

Objective To explore the MSCT findings of occipital condyle fracture (OCF) and improve its diagnostic accuracy. Methods Nineteen patients with OCF, selected from 110 patients suffering high energy injuries at the craniocervical junction, were enrolled into the study. The MSCT appearances of OCFs were retrospectively analyzed by two experienced radiologists. OCF had four types: type Ⅰ was a comminuted fracture, type Ⅱ was a extension of basilar skull fracture, type Ⅲ was an avulsion fracture at the attachment site of alar ligament on occipital condyle, type Ⅳ was a fracture of mixed pattern consisting of two or more above fracture types. Results In 19 patients, the left, right and bilateral OCFs were seen in 7,11 cases, and 1 case, respectively. Type Ⅰ was found in one case, which was a comminution of the left occipital condyle. Type Ⅱ was found in 5 cases, which involved the middle and posterior parts of occipital condyles with 2 on the left and 3 on the right, Type Ⅲ was found in 12 cases which showed various degree of fragment displacement with 3 occuring on the left, 8 on the right, 1 involving bilateral sides, 6 involving articular surfaces and 7 accompaning by enlargment of alar ligaments. Type Ⅳ was found in one case, with coexistence of Type Ⅱ and type Ⅲ. In addition, OCFs were accompanied by head and (or) cervical spine injuries in 14 cases, which included cranial fracture in 8 cases, epidural hematoma in 4 cases, subarachnoid hemorrhage in one case, cerebral contusion and laceration in one case, subfalcial hernia in one case, cervical spine fracture and dislocation in 9 cases, and so on. Conclusion OCFs can be accurately diagnosed by MSCT, which is important for selection of treatment protocols.

AIM: To study effects of prolonged intensive endurance exercise and Panaxadiol saponins (PDS) on red blood cells (RBC) membrane fluidity in rats, as well as the mechanism. METHODS: By the membrane fluorence polarization, Pyrollol-NBT, TBA methods and Scanning Electron Microscope, RBC membrane fluidity,RBC-SOD and serum MDA were measured after 7 weeks prolonged intensive swimming. RESULTS: Fluorence polarization(P value) were significant higher and fluidity were lower( P

Objective To investigate the effect of leg cycle ergometer on walking ability of stroke patients with hemiplegia at convalescent period.Methods Seventy patients with hemiplegia after stroke for 3 to 6 months with a certain walking capability were randomly divided into the treatment group and control group with 35 cases in each group.The control group was treated with routine rehabilitation training;the treatment group was added with leg cycle ergometer training.All patients in the two groups were assessed with simplified Fugl-Meyer Assessment(FMA),Berg Balance Scale(BBS),ambulation capacity(walking time in 10 meters and walking distance in 6 minutes and Holden's functional ambulance classification),changes of spasticity,and the ability of daily living(ADL)at the time of begin and 6 weeks later.Results The motor function of lower extremity,balance performance,walking capability and ADL of the patients in two groups improved(P<0.05)after 6 weeks' treatment,but the therapeutic effect of the treatment group was better than the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion The application of leg cycle ergometer combined with routine rehabilitation training can distinctly improve the motor function of lower extremity,balance performance,walking ability and ADL for patients after stroke.

Objective To explore the doctor-nurse integrated health care management model in perioperative nursing management of transvaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES). Methods A total of 70 female patients underwent transvaginal NOTES. All patients were randomly divided into the control and the study groups. The control group adopted the traditional model of care, and the study group implemented a layered panel system of integrated health care nursing mode, which consisted of three lines (leader), second line, front-line doctors, anesthesiologists consisting of the doctor series and secondary responsibility leader, a responsibility of nurses, operating room nurses laparoscopy group traveling together constituted a series of nurses′ health care integration of the health care team. The average length of stay, preoperative waiting days, awareness of the disease, early postoperative activities and reasonable diet, patient satisfaction with care, doctors′ satisfaction with nurses′ operation and overall satisfaction with health care work were compared. Results The preoperative waiting days, average length of stay, surgical satisfaction, patients′ satisfaction, doctors-nurses′overall satisfaction in the study group were (3.95±0.51) d, (11.58±1.83) d, (95.48±3.82)%, (99.26± 0.61)%, (96.33±0.29)%, the control group were (5.50±0.68) d, (15.79±2.14) d, (82.08±7.21)%, (92.18± 3.54)%, (80.03 ± 5.88)%, the differences were statistically significant (t=-4.431-6.172, P < 0.05). The patients awareness of the disease, early postoperative activities and reasonable diet (postoperative eating time) in the study group were (92.77 ± 0.59)%, (1.60 ± 0.63) d, (2.20 ± 0.54) d, the control group were (93.15 ± 0.47)%, (1.90 ± 0.42) d, (2.40 ± 0.33) d, the difference was not statistically significant (t=-0.898,-0.771,-0.201, P>0.05). Conclusions The implementation ofdoctor-nurse integrated health carenew model can optimize the collocation of medical health care integration, enhance the quality of care, improve patient experience, and improve patients′and doctors′satisfaction for nursing work.