BACKGROUND:In recent years,bone defect caused by tumor,trauma,infection and so on is always the troublesome problem in the orthopaedics field. Many kinds of bone graft substitute have been exploited to conquer this problem.OsteoSet,a new substitute for bone graft,with the advantage of excellent biocompatibility,degradation,bone conduction and induction of ossification,is an ideal product.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of OsteoSet in repairing bone defects due to tumor.DESIGN:Retrospective study and case analysis.SETTING:Department of Orthopaedics,First Hospital of Jilin University.PARTICIPANTS: Twenty-two patients with bone defect caused by bone tumor who received operation in the Department of Orthopaedics,First Hospital, Jilin University between June 2004 and September 2006.The involved patients,14 male and 8 female,averaged 23 years old ranging from 5 to 68 years.Inclusive criteria:① Diagnosed as benign tumor in bone according to the bone tumor classification criteria instituted in China in 1983.②Had the indications of tumorectomy and bone grafting with OsteoSet substitute.③Informed consent was obtained.The position of tumor was described as 6 in shaft of humerus,2 in neck of femur, 9 in inferior segment of femor, 4 in superior segment of tibia and 1 in celcaneus respectively.METHODS:①Operation procedure:After the effective anesthesia,the tumor was exposed as usual.Then the tumor was resected as thoroughly as we could.When OsteoSet substitute in the bone defect was filled carefully in order to avoid crushing into pieces.At last the substitute should be covered with periosteum or soft tissue.②Postoperative evaluation: The area of substitute absorption was observed by X-ray examination in 4, 8, 12 and 24 weeks after oporation.Postoperatively.incision healing,pain and complications of paients were observed at 6,7,8 and 9 months.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: OsteoSet substitute absorption rate and new bone formation rate as well as postoperative follow-up results.RESULTS:Twenty-two patients were involved in the final analysis.①OsteoSet substitute absorption rate and new bone formation rate:The evident absorption of OsteoSet substitute could be found in the X-ray film 4 weeks after operation.At the same time,the slender bone trabecula formed and bone density ncreased.At the end of 12 weeks after operation,about 97.1 percent OsteoSet substitute was absorbed and approximate 95.3 percent new bone infiltrated the defect area. In the 6 months, the substitute absorption rate and the new bone formation rate were 99.1 percent and 98.6 percent respectively. Stable bone trabecula formed in the bone defect area and the new bone connected with the surrounding health bone naturally by remolding.②Follow-up results:All the operative incisions healed well and there were no pain and discomfort in the duration of hospital stay; All the patients had no fever, erythra or other allergic responses during the follow up;The OsteoSet substitute were absorbed well and new bone also formed well in all the cases;All the patients were satisfied with the recovery of limb function.CONCLUSION:The substitute absorption was accordance with the new bone formation.For its good absorption and new bone reconstruction,OsteoSet is an ideal substitute for bone defect caused by tumor.

Objective:To analyze the differential protein expression between multidrug-resistant human osteosarcoma MG-63/DXR100 and its parental cell line by differential in-gel electrophoresis,so as to lay a foundation for exploring the mechanism of multidrug resistance(MDR) of osteosarcoma.Methods:Multidrug-resistant clone of human osteosarcoma MG-63 was established by stepwise exposure to increasing doses of doxorubicin(DXR).The total proteins of the above two cell lines were separated with two-dimensional electrophoresis.The proteins of differential expression(increased or decreased by more than 30%) were analyzed with image scanning and DeCyder software.Then they were identified in MALDI-TOF Pro and Mascot database.Results:Thirty proteins with differential expression were identified by proteomic analysis,and 18 of them were further identified by MALDI-TOF Pro.Five protein spots were successfully identified:matrix metalloproteinases 1(MMP1) related with tumor cell metastasis,alcohol dehydrogenase(ADH6) with function of detoxication,FERM domain containing protein 3(FRMD3) which belongs to anti-oncogenes and two agnoproteins composed of 128 and 300 amino acid residues.MMP1,ADH6 and the two agnoproteins were over-expressed in MG-63/DXR100 group,and FRMD3 expression was lower than that in the MG-63 group.Conclusion:Five proteins including MMP1,ADH6,FRMD3 and two agnoproteins have been found abnormally expressed in MDR osteosarcoma cells by differential in-gel electrophoresis;they might participate in MDR of osteosarcoma.

0.05).Conclusion Semiconductor laser can induce apoptosis of MG-63 cells by mitochondrion pathway,and the process may be associated with the increasing of ROS.

Objective To explore the influences of different inductive methods on cartilage repair by tissue engineered cartilage with the seed cell of mesenchymal stem cells.Methods Rabbit mesenchymal stem cells were divided into dexamethasone-inducing group and TGF-?_1-dexamethasone co-inducing group.The cartilage defects were repaired by autologous tissue engineered cartilage constructs.The defects of control group were filled with scaffold without cells.Specimens were harvested 6 and 12 weeks postoperatively and assessed by histological grading and in situ detection of apoptosis.Results The repair tissue formed perpendicular column structure resembling that of normal cartilage in TGF-?_1-dexamethasone co-inducing group.The histological score 12 weeks postoperatively was higher in co-inducing group(20.26?1.35) than those in dexamethasone-inducing group(14.52?1.46) and control group(4.12?1.13).But the formation of tidemark was not observed in the repair tissue.Cells of repair cartilage at the bone-cartilage interface showed apoptosis.The ratios of apoptosis in dexamethasone-inducing group were(21.4?4.5) six weeks postoperatively and(7.3?2.2) twelve weeks postoperatively.The ratios of apoptosis in TGF-?_1-dexamethasone co-inducing group were(19.8?4.7) six weeks postoperatively and(6.9?2.0) twelve weeks postoperatively.The ratios of apoptosis at 6 th week were higher than those at 12 th week postoperatively with statistical significance(P

[Objective] To introduce the Chiari osteotomy combined with bone grafting shelf procedure and scew fixation for the treatment of acetabular dysplasia which was caused by all sorts of reasons.[Methods]Totally 56 patients(63 hips)with acetabular dysplasia were operated by Chiari osteotomy combined with bone grafting procedure and screw fixation from October 1982 to October 2001,the average age of the patients was 20.7 years(8~42 years).There were 7 males who didn 't have acetabular dysplasia of both hips,49 females in which 7 ones had acetabular dysplasia of both hips.The X-ray graphies before operation showed:average CE angle was 4?(-20?~ 18?),femoral head coveragement ratio was 60%(42%~75%).Sharp angle was 51?(40? ~58?),AC angle was 27?(20?~38?).All of the patients had subluxation of hip(broken Shentions line)of different degrees except two.[Results]Thirty-two patients(37 hips)had followed up results for average 45 months(6 months to 8 years).Thirty hips were obviously pain-free.The average CE angle was 44?(41? ~62?),Shape angle was 37?(30?~45?)AC angle was 12?(8? ~18?),Harris hip score was increased from 76.3(61~82)before operation to 89(76~95)after operation.Two hips had the complication of bone absorbtion after operation.[Conclusion]The Chiari osteotomy combined with bone grafting shelf procedure and stew fixation is a better procedure for the treatment of acetabular dysplasia,the main advantages of it are as following:(1)The injury during the operation is light without much blood lost,blood tranfusion is not needed.(2)It has the merits of Chiari osteotomy.(3)It can increase the femoral head coveragemean efficiently.The diameter of acetabular from anterior to posterior and the diameter form left to right can be increased.(4)It is not easy for the bone grafted to the absorbed.(5)It works in the case which can 't be absolved by only Chiari osteotomy.

[Objective]To probe the standard of early diagnosis of femoro-acetabular impingement(FAI),and the imageological appearance of 16 row spiral CT noncontrast enhanced scan and three-dimensional reconstruction,and MRI of progression of FAI patients.And to approach the significance of using the imageology result to identity doubtful FAI patients with other patients.[Methods]Six FAI patients were enrolled.CT and MRI noncontrast enhanced scan and CT three-dimensional reconstruction were performed to assess the hip joint.The CT scan was performed on the GE Lightspeed 16 row spiral at 1.25 mm slice reconstruction.The MRI scan was performed on the Siemens Avanto 1.5T supraconduction magnetic resonance meter.The CT and MRI scan included the acetabulum to the lesser trochanters.[Results]The results of DR of pelvis orthophoria discovered subtotal congenital anatomic abnormality of hip.The result of 16 row spiral CT noncontrast enhanced scan and three-dimensional reconstruction discovered total congenital anatomic abnormality of hip.The result of MRI noncontrast enhanced scan discovered phlegmasia of hip joint of midanaphase patients of FAI.[Conclusion]Non-buninoid femoral head,hyper-deep of hip,acetabular anteversion and hypsokinesis,and typical sings and symptoms lead to early and exactitude diagnosis.The results of 16 row spiral CT three-dimensional reconstruction and MRI can provid straight reference operation schedule;The result of MRI noncontrast enhanced scan can detect FAI with early avascular necrosis of the femoral head.

OBJECTIVE; To review the molecule mechanism of multidrug resistant osteosarcoma cell apoptosis induced by laser. DATA SOURCES; An online search of Pubmed database and CNKI database was undertaken to identify the articles published from 1996 to 2006 by using the keywords of “laser, osteosarcoma and apoptosis”, and language was limited to both Chinese and English. STUDY SELECTION; The articles were primarily screened and then the full-texts were searched. Included criteria: relevant to the mechanism of tumor cell apoptosis induced by laser. Articles were excluded because of repetition and obsolescence. DATA EXTRACTION; Totally 74 articles were found and 31 of them were selected according to the inclusive criteria as described above. Of the 31 articles, 5 articles were related to reactive oxygen species, 5 were associated with intracellular calcium concentration, 6 were involved in protein kinase C and 5 in Bcl-2 respectively. The last 8 were about P53 in the tumor apoptosis induced by laser. DATA SYNTHESIS; The mechanisms that laser induces osteosarcoma cell apoptosis include mainly reactive oxygen species, intracellular calcium concentration, protein kinase C, Bcl-2, p 53 and so on. The recent reports focus on the proliferation improvement of low-intensity laser on normal cells, but few reviews the biologic effect of tumor cells, especially multidrug resistant osteosarcoma and animal models. It is presumed to be correlated with the mechanism involved above. CONCLUSION; The mechanism that laser induces osteosarcoma cell apoptosis is still unclear, and is mainly related to reactive oxygen species, intracellular calcium concentration, protein kinase C, bcl-2, p 53 and so on.

Objective：To study the ultrastructure changes of osteosarcoma cells(OS-732) inactivated by alcohol of two different concentrations and clinical application value.Methods：Osteosarcoma cells(OS-732) were inactivated by 75% and 95% alcohol and observed by light and electron microscope.And its viability was detected by MTT method. Results：Cell internal structure changed significantly and irreversible damage formed. MTT method proved that inactivated cells had no viability.Conclusion：These two inactivation methods were effective. Cell internal enviroment was damaged very seriously and cell was led to death. These two inactivation methods could provide choices for clinical limb protective operation.

Objective To explore the effects of semiconductor laser on proliferation of the multidrug-resistant model of human osteosarcoma cell line(ROS-732).Methods Four test groups and one control group were set up.The test groups were divided into A,B,C and D groups according to the irradiation time(output power was 200 mW).The time of laser irradiation of A,B,C and D groups were 5,10,20 and 40 min,repectively.The control group(E) wasn′t treated with laser irradiation.MTT method was used to observe the proliferation of R-OS-732,and the morphological changes of the cells were observed by inverted microscope.Results The survival rates of cells in all test groups under condition of semiconductor laser irradiation with 200 mW output power and 532 nm weavlength,compared with control group(P

Objective: To investigate the curative effects of apoptin on the multidrug-resistant model, of human osteosarcoma cell line (R-OS-732). Methods: 363 bpVP 3 gene was cloned into the vector pIRES1 and the recombinant eukaryon expression vector pIRVP3 was transfected into R-OS-732 cells with liposome. The expression of apoptin gene at transcription level was proved by RT-PCR. The pathological changes of the cells was observed by light microscope and electronmicroscope. The transfected R-OS-732 cells were collected after 48 hours. The genomic DNA extracted from the cells was observed by agarose gel electrophoresis. The apoptosis rate of the cells was analysed by flow cytometry. Results: The expression of apoptin gene at transcription level had been proved by RT-PCR. The construction changes of the two groups were obviously different under light microscope: most of R-OS-732 cells in the transfected group existed in form of being away from the bottom of the culture dish after 24 hours, in form of apoptosis after 48 hours and in form of necrosis after 72 hours; but those cells in the controlled group grow luxuriantly. And under electronmicroscope there was much change of cell nucleus between the two groups. DNA ladder of the transfected cells was observed through agarose gel electrophoresis only one band was observed in the controlled group; but bands of fragmented DNA observed in ositive control group. Flow cytometry analysis showed that the apoptosis rate of the cells in the transfected group was relatively higher than that of the controlls( P