Objective To explore the clinical effects of low-frequency (50Hz) pulse electrotherapy (LFPE) in the treatment of prostatic pelvic floor muscular spasm syndrome (PPMS), and the influence of this procedure on the temperature of rabbit urethral mucosa. Methods (1) A series of 60 cases of PPMS had undergone LFPE; (2) Thirty-six rabbits were randomly divided into 6 groups: 3 experimental groups were treated for 15 min, 30min and 50 min, respectively, while the other 3 groups served as control groups. Results All cases had been followed for (1～16) months, with a mean of 6 months. Of the 60 cases, 12 were cured, 38 improved, and 10 failed,effective rate being 83.3%(50/60). In animal experiment, there were no significant differences between the experimental and control groups on temperatures of rabbit urethral local mucosa (t=1.3306, P=0.1049). Conclusions The study demonstrates that 50Hz pulse electrotherapy may be effectively applied to PPMS.

BACKGROUND:Bony and structural feature often cause pulout strength decrease of pedicle screw, which induces loosening and pulout, and finaly results in fixation failure. Thus, it is very important to elevate the stability of pedicle screw.
OBJECTIVE:To detect the biomechanical stability of bone cement injectable canulated pedicle screw, and to provide reference for bone cement dosage.
METHODS: We selected T11-L4 samples of seven fresh adult corpses, containing 40 vertebral bodies. They were randomly divided into bone cement injectable canulated pedicle screw group and DTPSTM pedicle screw group (n=20). After screw implantation, 1, 2, 3 and 5 mL bone cement was injected. The diffuse distribution of bone cement was observed by imaging. The maximum axial pulout strength was measured.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:When the dose of bone cement was 1-3 mL, the average maximum axial pulout strength was significantly greater in the bone cement injectable canulated pedicle screw group than in the DTPSTM pedicle screw group (P < 0.05). When the bone cement dosage was 5 mL, no significant difference in the maximum axial pulout strength was detected between the two groups (P > 0.05). The regression equation was Y=25.269X+133.681 (R2=0.837) in the bone cement injectable canulated pedicle screw, and Y=32.039X+99.251 (R2=0.936) in the DTPSTM pedicle screw group. When the dosage of bone cement was 1-5 mL, the maximum axial pulout strength was highly positively correlated with bone cement dosage (|R| > 0.8). These results suggested that bone cement augmentation pedicle screw could apparently elevate the stability of the screw. The maximum axial pulout strength of the pedicle screw was positively correlated with bone cement dosage. After reaching the satisfactory fixation effects, the bone cement injectable canulated pedicle screw can reduce bone cement dosage, diminish the risk of bone cement leakage, and have more advantages than DTPSTM pedicle screw.

Objective To evaluate the performance of different GFR equations in estimating renal function of people undertake health examination.Methods A total of 8 476 occupational physical examination population were selected.Serum creatinine,urea nitrogen,serum cystatin and urine routine of all cases were collected to be used to calculate eGFR through different GFR equations of the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI)equation.,the equation based on cystatin C(Cys-EPI),the combined creatinine-cystatin C equation(CC-EPI),simplified MDRD equtation (a-MDRD),modified eGFR equation for Chinese pa-tients (c-MDRD).Results There was a significant correlation among physical examination population using different GFR equa-tions calculated results(P <0.01).But comparisons the means of eGFR calculated by different equations are statistical significant (P <0.01).Comparing with CKD-EPI,the eGFR calculated by c-MDRD is higher(P =8.7×10-263 ).The ratios of population,eG-FR<60 mL·min-1 ·1.73(m2 )-1 by different equations,have significant difference (P <0.01).And the ratio difference is more concentrated in the range Of 45-59 mL·min-1 ·1.73(m2 )-1 .Devide the populations into two groups,which are chronic kidney disease (CKD)and Non-CKD according to the standard of eGFR and Urine protein by CKD-EPI.Among CKD,the eGFR calculated by Cys-EPI,CC-EPI,c-MDRD are higher;but among non-CKD group,eGFR calculated by Cys-EPI,a-MDR are lower,the eGFR of c-MDRD is significantly higher,while the result of CC-EPI is most close to the CKD-EPI.Conclusion There were significant corre-lations between the different equations to calculate GFR among physical examination population.

Crush syndrome in patients rescued from earthquake is a complex clinical syndrome with many medical conditions.The most complications are hyperkalemia,acute kidney injury,shock,infection,ARDS,malnutrition and multiorgan dysfunction.Managing these critical issues appropriately is essential for effective treatment of the crush syndrome.

Objective To analyze the relationship between the level of 25 (OH )D and mortality in maintenance hemodialysis (M HD) patients .Methods This study was a prospective cohort study .We enrolled 156 M HD patients of Sichuan people′s hospital dialysis center in July of 2010 .The patients were divided into three groups according to the level of 25(OH)D .The three groups were normal(25(OH)D>30 ng/mL) ,insufficient(15 ng/mL<25(OH)D≤30 ng/mL) and deficient(25(OH)D≤15 ng/mL) re‐spectively .All the patients were follow‐up 40 months ;the end point was all‐cause and cardiovascular death .Results After follow‐up 40 months ,there were 26 deaths (16 .7% ) and 13 cardiovascular deaths among the 156 cases .There were 15 deaths (30 .6% ) in in‐sufficient group ,among which there were nine cardiovascular deaths ;there were eight deaths (11 .6% ) in deficient group ,among which there were three cardiovascular deaths ;there were three deaths (7 .9% ) in normal group ,among which there was one cardio‐vascular death .There was statistically significance either between all‐cause and cardiovascular mortality of deficient and normal group or between deficient and insufficient group (P<0 .05) .The Kaplan‐Meier curve analysis showed 25(OH)D≤15 ng/mL was the independent risk factor of the all‐cause and cardiovascular mortality(P<0 .05) .Cox regression showed 25(OH)D≤15 ng/mL was the independent risk factor of the all‐cause mortality in crude analysis (RR=4 .43 ,95% CI:1 .28-15 .32 ,P<0 .05) and adjus‐ted analysis (RR=4 .92 ,95% CI 1 .23-19 .66 ,P<0 .05) .Cox regression showed 25(OH)D≤15 ng/mL was the risk factor of the cardiovascular mortality in crude analysis(RR=8 .12 ,95% CI:1 .04 -64 .15 ,P=0 .047) .Conclusion 25(OH)D≤15 ng/mL was the risk factor and predictor of the all‐cause and cardiovascular mortality in M HD patients .

To explore novel non-opioid analgesic agents, 16 compounds were synthesized and their structures were confirmed by 1H NMR and HR-MS. YX0611-1 was treated as the leading compound. The results of mice writhing model and hot plate model showed that compounds 2, 7, 8, 9, 11 and 15 had obvious analgesic activities in vivo. The test of affinity to mu, delta, kappa receptor displayed that active compounds didn't act on opioid receptor. The results of preliminary toxicity and pharmacokinetic tests showed that compound 7 had better safety and pharmacokinetic properties than that of YX0611-1, and it deserved further development.

Objective To analyze the etiology and features of Pilon fractures and to explore their best operative method.Methods 92patients with pilon fracture were treated operatively and followed up between1991and 2001.According to the Ovadi a -Beals' s classification,there were 7cases of Type I fracture,12of II,30of III,26of IV,17of V.During the o peration,55patients had limited in ternal fixation with calcaneal trac-tion,18with calcaneal traction and plaster splint,10with tibial and fi bula internal fixation,9with external fixation apparatus.Results92patients were followed up for an av erage time of 53months(ranging from 4～103months).According to Mazur ' s criteria,the results of the treatm ent were rated as excellent in 42patients,good in 34,fair in 11and poor in 5.Conclusion The pilon fracture is caused by both t he force of falling from a high altitude and the force of rebounding which act in the distal end of tibia an d fibula.Limited internal fixation with calcaneal traction is a right choice of operative method to treat pilon fr actures.[

Objective To study the association of serum L-kynurenine changes with nutritional status and vascular stiffness in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. Methods Twenty gender- and age-matched healthy volunteers (healthy group) and 40 MHD patients,including 20 cases with α-keto aicd(α-keto acid group)and 20 cases without α-keto aicd(non-α-keto acid group)were enrolled in the study.Serum L-kynurenine was measured by high performance liquid chromatography.C-reactive protein (CRP)and interleukin 6 (IL-6)were detected.Subjective global assessment(SGA)and malnutrition inflammation score(MIS)were applied to evaluate the nutritional status.Pulse wave velocity(PWV)was used to evaluate arterial stiffness for both groups of MHD patients. Results Serum L-kynurenine was significantly higher in MHD patients than that in healthy subjects[(3.20±1.12)μmol/L vs (1.74±0.27)μmol/L,P<0.01],while such difference was not found between α-keto aicd group and non-α-keto-aicd group [(3.20±0.88)μmol/L vs (3.29±1.34)μmol/L,P>0.05].IL-6 was significantly higher in MHD patients as compared to healthy subjects[(6.45±3.78)ng/L vs(1.38±1.59)ng/L,P<0.01],while such difference was found between α-keto aicd group and non-α-keto aicd group[(3.37±0.82)ng/L vs (9.62±2.48)ng/L,P<0.051.There was no difference of CRP concentration between two MHD groups.As compared to non-α-keto acid group,higher SGA score(26.00±1.75 vs 22.67±2.61,P=0.001),lower MIS score(5.82±2.27 vs 10.00±2.62,P=0.002),lower left side PWV[(21.11±8.21)m/s vs(24.57±5.45)m/s,P=0.244]and lower right side PWV[(19.27±3.22)m/s vs (24.19±5.41)m/s,P=0.015]were observed in α-keto aicd group.Pearson analysis showed positive correlation between serum L-kynurenine and IL-6(r=0.352,P=0.011)and negative correlation between L-kynurenine and pre-dialysis Scr(r=-0.412,P=0.019). Conclusions Inflammation is common in MHD patients.Tryptophan degeneration product L-kynurenine may indicate inflammation status.α-keto acid improves nutritional status,anemia and arterial stiffness maybe through the alleviation of inflammation in MHD patients.

Objective To observe the effect of recombinant adenovirus-mediated the fms-like tyrosine kinast-1 (FLT-1) gene promoter carrying protein C (PC) gene (Ad-FLT-1/PC) on apoptosis and oxidative stress in rat with diabetic nephropathy atherosclerosis. Methods High sugar, high fat diet and streptozotocin by intraperitoneal injection were used to establish diabetic nephropathy atherosclerosis rat model. The rats were randomly divided into Ad-FLT-1/PC group (n=23), Ad-GFP group (n=23) and normal saline group (n=22) and injected with 300 ul Ad-FLT-1/PC, Ad-GFP and normal saline by caudal vein. Another healthy rats (n=23) were control group. At day 1, 3, 7 and 14 after transfection, rats of each group were randomly executed to observe vascular apoptosis and assay the level of SOD and MDA in plasma by the kit method of WST and TBA. Results Vascular cell apoptosis was observed in Ad-FLT-1/PC group, Ad-GFP group and NS group, the apoptosis index showed no statistical difference between three groups at each time point (P>0.05). At day 14 after transfection, Ad-FLT-1/PC group rats had higher concentration of the plasma SOD and lower MDA than Ad - GFP group and NS group. The difference were statistically significant (all P<0.05). Conclusions The recombinant adenovirus Ad-FLT-1/PC can effectively regulate oxidative stress but not apoptosis.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the expression of Wnt induced secreted protein-1 (WISP-1) and the fibrosis of renal biopsy tissue in IgA nephropathy (IgAN) patients.Methods Fifty-three patients firstly diagnosed as IgA nephropathy by renal biopsy were included and classified according to Oxford and Lee's classification.Sixteen patients with MCD entered the fibrosis negative control group,and fourteen healthy adults entered the normal control group.The expression of WISP-1 in renal tissues and serum of all subjects were detected by immunohistochemistry and ELISA respectively.Results Immunohistochemistry results showed that WISP-1 was not expressed in MCD patients and normal human kidney tissues,which was abundantly deposited in renal tissue of patients with focal proliferative IgAN with renal interstitial fibrosis.The serum level of WISP-1 in IgAN patients was significantly higher than that in normal subjects (P=0.015) and MCD patients (P=0.030).In the subgroup analysis of IgAN renal fibrosis,the serum concentration of WISP-1 of fibrosis grade between 0-10％ (F1 group) and fibrosis ＞ 25％ (F3 group) were significantly higher than that in the normal group and the MCD group (all P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference between F2 group (10％ ＜ fibrosis≤25％) and normal group or MCD group (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The expression of WISP-1 in serum and renal tissue of renal interstitial fibrosis IgAN patients is higher than that of normal and MCD patients without renal fibrosis,and the IgAN patients' serum level of WISP-1 is significantly increased in fibrosis lower score group.The expressions of WISP-1 in serum and renal tissue are related to the occurrence of IgAN renal interstitial fibrosis,in which WISP-1 may play an important role as an early precursor factor in the pathogenesis of IgAN renal interstitial fibrosis.