BACKGROUND: Simple drug therapy can not acquire satisfactory effects in treatment of fungal keretitis. At present, penetrating keratoplasy (PKP) has been considered a primary means to cure the fungal keratitis to save eyeball and vision.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of PKP in the treatment of high-risk fungal keratitis.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A retrospective case analysis was performed at the Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Medical University between January 2000 and January 2007.PARTICIPANTS: A total of 51 patients (51 eyes) with high-risk fungal keratitis who underwent PKP in the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College were recruited into this study. Of these patients, 12 suffered from perfored, 35 from hypopyon, 8 from complicated cataract prior to surgery, and 5 from complicated glaucoma.METHODS: All patients received antifungal and antibacterial treatments prior to surgery and underwent PKP within 4 days following admission. After surgery, antifungal and antibacterial treatments were performed locally and systemically. All patients were followed-up for 6--24 months.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Postoperative visual acuity, recurred fungal infection, rejection of implants, secondary glaucoma, and ulceration of implant.RESULTS: ① Of 51 patients, 18 were followed-up for 6-12 months, 2 for 13-18 months, and 8 for 19-24 months. ② A total of 49 (96.1%) out of 51 patients preserved the eyeballs and the visual acuity improved to different degrees in 48 (94.1%) patients. ③ After surgery, fungal infection recurred in 6 eyes (11.6%), 4 of which were controlled by antifungal medication and 2 was enucleated because of uncontrolled endophthalmitis. Graft rejection was found in 18 (35.3%) eyes, 13 of which recovered transparent by medication and 5 received secondary PKP. Graft ulceration was present in 4 (7.84%) eyes, 3 of which were cured and the remaining one was re-grafted because of severe endothelial cell loss. Secondary glaucoma appeared in 7(13.7%) eyes, and the intraocular pressure was controlled medically and surgically. Complicated cataract occurred in 6 (11.8%) eyes, 3 of which underwent cataract extraction. Most complications were successfully controlled. In the final follow-up period, 45 (88.2%) grafts were transparent.CONCLUSION: PKP is an effective approach to preservation of eyeballs and restoration of visual function in patients with high-risk fungal keratitis, which can not be treated by conservative therapy.

Ophthalmic microsurgery has its own characteristics: high precision , complicated operation , and long learning curve.It is important for young ophthalmologists to master the basic operation skills through standardized and systematic training during graduate studies .The teaching method , integrating theoretical teaching , animal operation and simulative ophthalmic surgery training , have important meanings in promoting the post-graduate students to master the practical and correct ophthalmic microsurgery technique . The aim of this study was to introduce the curriculum design and practice , and to evaluate the model through the examination scores .

The network teaching platform of ophthalmology of Qingdao University , as the basis construction of the national key discipline , forms a perfect and complete set of teaching system with the aid of part of course information, part of network teaching resources and part of answer and interaction. The network teaching platform focuses on the construction of network teaching resources and answer and interaction. In the college teaching of ophthalmology, through building clinical teaching resource database and discussing on network platform, we carry out interactive and discussion-based teaching, and students can prepare before class and discuss after class. The application of network teaching platform of ophthal-mology in classroom teaching and teaching feedback can improve the teaching methods , deepen the teach-ing content, implement the sharing of teaching resources, and lay a solid foundation for ophthalmology teaching reform.

Objective:To explore the effect of the virulence factor OatA during Staphylococcus aureus infection.Methods: In vitro,wild type of Staphylococcus aureus USA300,OatA gene deletion strain or OatA gene complemented strain were used to infect mice bone marrow divided macrophages (BMDMs).Subsequently BMDMs were separated and the case of cell death were detected.In vivo,mice pulmonary infection model was constructed with nasal inhalation of Staphylococcus aureus.Alveolar macrophages were isolated and the case of cell death were detected.Results: In contrast to wild type and OatA gene complemented strain,OatA gene deletion strain induced severer macrophage death both in vitro and in vivo.Conclusion: The virulence factor OatA inhibits Staphylococcus aureus infection-induced macrophage death.

Objective To observe the effect of small-interfering RNA(siRNA) targeting c-Met,the receptor of hepatocyte growth factor(HGF),on the proliferation of human lens epithelial cells(LECs).Methods siRNA was transferred into LECs cultured in vitro by HiperFect Transfection Reagent.Real-Time PCR was applied to observe the expression of c-Met mRNA in LECs after gene transfer,and MTT assay was used to detect the proliferation of LECs induced by HGF.Results The expression of c-Met mRNA in LECs was significantly decreased in the experimental group,compared to that in the controls(P<0.01).Proliferation of LECs induced by HGF was inhibited,compared with the single HGF stimulated group(P<0.01).Conclusion The RNA interference targeting c-Met can effectively inhibit the expression of c-Met mRNA,and the proliferation of LECs induced by HGF.

Aptamers are a group of artificial oligonucleotides identified by exponential enrichment system evolution technology (Selective expansion of ligands by exponential enrichment, SELEX). Aptamers have been widely used in basic research, clinical diagnostics, and nano-technology. In this article we will introduce the technology of aptamer and summarize its applications in medical microbiology.
Aptamers, Nucleotide ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Microbiological Techniques ; methods ; Microbiology ; SELEX Aptamer Technique ; methods ; trends

【Objective】 To share the experience of autologous platelet-rich plasma(PRP) combined therapy in successful treatment of refractory osteomyelitis with fractures in children. 【Methods】 One case of refractory osteomyelitis with fracture in children failed to respond to traditional treatment for more than 14 months. A total of 20 mL of whole blood was collected from the child, and 6 mL of PRP with 4 to 5 times concentration was prepared by secondary centrifugation. To prepare 2 cm×2 cm platelet concentrate gel (PG), 3 mL of PRP was mixed with a 0.3 mL activator which was then covered with an absorbable dressing. A three-way tube sprayed the remaining 3 mL of PRP and 0.3 mL activator into the surrounding tissues. 【Results】 The X-ray film of the patient followed up for 1 week showed that the fracture line was blurred, and the fracture end had obvious callus formation. The X-ray film reexamination at 4 months showed that the fracture end healed well, the fracture surface healed, and the osteomyelitis healed. 【Conclusion】 Autologous PRP has a good effect in the treatment of refractory osteomyelitis combined with fracture in children, which can provide a new method for clinical treatment.