Objective To explore the pain education program on the pain intensity and beliefs of patients with cancer pain.Methods 119 patients with cancer pain were divided into the control group (61 cases) and the experimental group (58 cases) according to the patients’ room number.The control group was given general health education by the ward nurses,while the experimental group was given pain education program by research nurses.The pain intensity and beliefs of two groups were compared.Results After the implementation of pain education program,pain scores were significantly reduced in both groups,and the pain beliefs scores were significantly promoted compared with the control group.Conclusions Pain education program for cancer pain patients can improve effect of cancer pain management.

Objective To explore influences of improved intramuscular injection on quality of benzathine benzylpenicillin medication.Methods The cluster random sampling was adopted to select 178 patients who needed injection of 240U benzathine benzylpenicillin.A self-control study design was used,and benzathine benzylpenicillin was injected in both sides with each of 1 200 000 units.The left side was injected via routine method,while the right side was injected by an improved intramuscular injection.One-time success rate,degree and duration of pain during and after injection were recorded.Results The differences of one-time success rate,pain during injection,pain after injection,duration of pain after injection and incidence of induration after injection between two groups were statistically significant(P＜0.01).Conclusion The improved intramuscular injection can improve one-time success rate of benzathine benzylpenicillin,reduce pain during injection and local pain after injection,shorten duration of pain and decrease incidence of induration after injection.

Objective: To explore the clinical value of plasma copeptin level on major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) occurrence in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) during hospitalization.
Methods: Our research included 2 groups:STEMI group, n=80 and Control group, n=80 patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD). All patients were treated in our hospital from 2012-06 to 2014-06. Plasma level of copeptin was detected by ELISA, other relevant examinations were conducted to study the MACE occurrence in STEMI patients.
Results: Plasma copeptin level in STEMI group (523.26 ± 142.69) pg/ml was higher than that in Control group (345.25 ± 89.36) pg/ml, P<0.05. In STEMI group, there were 28/80 (35%) patients suffered from MACE, compared with non-MACE patients, they had increased plasma copeptin, cardiac muscle protein I (cTnI), kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), P<0.05. Multivariate regression analysis indicated that plasma copeptin, cTnI and LVEF were the independent risk factors for MACE occurrence. According to occurred area under the curve, compared with cTnI and CK-MB, plasma copeptin level had the higher predictive value to judge the ROC, positive/negative possibility, sensitivity and speciifcity for MACE occurrence in STEAMI patients, P<0.05.
Conclusion: Plasma copeptin level could effectively predict MACE occurrence in patients with acute STEMI during
hospitalization, it may predict their prognosis at certain point.

Objective To investigate the current situation of nurses' practice environment in tertiary general hospitals in Anhui Province,and to provide references for improving it.Methods The Nursing Work Index-Revised was used to investigate nurses from 35 tertiary general hospitals in Anhui Province.Results The mean score of Nursing Work Index-Revised was 64.79±26.07.The entry of hospital has a training program for newly recruited nurses,nurses in the work team are qualified for care received the highest score;the entry of the level of remuneration of nurses is appropriate in all sectors of society,nurses have the opportunity to participate in hospital internal management and nurses have the opportunity to participate in hospital management decisions got the lowest score.Whether a teaching hospital,the number of years of work,gender,education,department,title,age and whether recruited with authorized strength played important roles in nurses' practice environment.Conclusion The score for nurses practice environmental in Anhui Province was not high,and there were differences between regions.Hospital management mode and nurse salary distribution system need to be improved.Nursing managers should take appropriate measures to address existing problems and improve the nurses' practice environment according to different characteristics.

Objective:To explorethe effect of acceptance and commitment therapy on self-disclosure, coping style and post-traumatic growth in patients with ovarian cancer undergoing chemotherapy after surgery.Methods:A total of 84 patients with ovarian cancer undergoing chemotherapy after surgery were recruited from the gynecology ward of the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China for randomized controlled trial, from February 2022 to October 2022. All participants were divided into the intervention group and the control group with 42 patients in each group by random number table method. The patients in control group received routine care. The intervention group was given acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on the basis of the control group and intervened for three cycles of chemotherapy. The scores of Distress Disclosure Index (DDI), Cancer Coping Modes Questionnaire (CCMQ), and Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI) were compared between the two groups before and after intervention.Results:There was no significant difference in the scores of DDI, CCMQ and PTGI between the two groups before intervention ( P>0.05). After intervention, DDI scorein intervention group was (38.81 ± 5.96) points, significantly higher than that in control group (34.43 ± 4.79) points, the difference was statistically significant ( t = 3.71, P<0.01). In terms of coping styles, after intervention, the scores of five dimensions of fantasy, resignation, avoidance, catharsis and confrontation were 6.00(6.00, 8.00), 9.00(8.00, 12.00), 9.00(8.75, 11.00), 7.00(6.00, 8.00) and 20.00(16.00, 21.00) points in the invention group, compared with the control group of 8.00(7.75, 9.00), 11.00(9.75, 13.00), 11.00(9.00, 13.00), 9.00(8.00, 12.00) and 16.00(13.00, 18.50) points, the differences were statistically significant ( Z = 2.86 to 5.11, all P<0.01). The total PTGI score in intervention group was (71.43 ± 8.68) points, significantly higher than that in control group(63.98 ± 6.92) points, the difference was statistically significant ( t = 4.35, P<0.01). Conclusions:ACT can increase self-disclosure, enhance positive coping, and promote post-traumatic growth in ovarian cancer patientsundergoing chemotherapy after surgery.

Objective To assess the validity of Strength, Assistance with walking, Rise from a chair, Climb stairs and Falls (SARC-F) sarcopenia score in the hospitalized elderly and its prognostic predictive ability in predicting the adverse outcomes of sarcopenia. Methods Totally 113 hospitalized elderly who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included.Took diagnostic criteria recommended by Asian Sarcopenia Working Group as the reference,the validity of SARC-F score were evaluated using the sensitivity, specificity, ROC curve and other indexes. According to the score, the patients were dichotomously classified into sarcopniac and normal groups.The adverse consequences of two groups were followed up.The incidence of falls,fractures,re-hospitalization and death were compared between the two groups. Survival curves were used to analyze whether there was any difference in re-hospitalization time between the two groups.The Cox proportional hazards model was used to determine the factors influencing the prognosis (re-hospitalization time). Results The accuracy evaluation of SARC-F score: the area under the curve of ROC(AUC)was 0.73,95% confidence interval(95% CI):0.62-0.84,P<0.01;the cutoff of 3 reached the highest Youden′s index.The results of the follow-up of SARC-F:103 patients completed the follow-up,in the normal group divided by SARC-F,the incidence rate of re-hospitalization,fall,and fracture within one year were 20.00%(17/85),3.53%(3/85),0,which were significantly lower than 44.44% (8/18),27.78%(5/18),16.67 %(3/18)of the sarcopeniac group(Χ2=4.829,5.509,all P<0.05).The Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed a statistically significant difference in the interval time of re-hospitalization between the two groups divided by SARC-F(218.53 days vs.389.41 days,log-rank Χ2=17.584,P<0.01). Cox analysis displayed usual gait speed was the protective factors for readmission, SARC-F, Charlson comorbidity index were independent risk factors for readmission. Conclusions SARC-F score is valuable for screening for sarcopenia in elderly inpatients. SARC-F score is a predictor of adverse outcomes in elderly inpatients including re-hospitalization, falls and fractures. SARC-F score is an independent risk factor for re-hospitalization,but the prognosis is influenced by a variety of factors.The evaluation of SARC-F prognostic value requires the consideration of the basic disease.

Objective To explore the effects of two methods of air-impact on clearing the subglottic secretion in patients with intubation.Methods A simple random sampling method was used to select 106 patients underwent mechanical ventilation through oral tracheal intubation in intensive medicine department from September 2016 to October 2017.The recruited patients were divided into two groups by the random number table,53 patients in Group A were treated with breath-holding key of a ventilator,combined with air-bag inflation and deflation,and 53 patients in Group B were treated with simple breathing apparatus combined with manual technique to clear subglottic secretion.The incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia(VAP),amount of cleared subglottic secretions,difference of vital signs before and after operation,number of coughing,in vitro training time and operation time were compared between groups.Results The intention-to-treat ana]ysis(ITT) showed that the incidence of VAP in Group A and B were 7.55％ and 5.66％,the per-protocol analysis(PP) showed that the incidence of VAP in Group A and B were 3.92％ and 3.85％,and there was no significant difference between groups(P＞0.05);the amount of cleared subglottic secretions in two groups were (8.31±0.82) ml,(7.97±1.12)ml,and there was no significant difference (P＞ 0.05);but vital signs before and after operation,number of coughing,in vitro training time and operation time in Group A were lower than those in Group B,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion Two methods of air-impact can both effectively reduce the incidence of VAP,but using breath-holding key of a ventilator combined with airbag inflation and deflation has less influence on vital signs,which patients can better tolerate and medical staff can master and cooperate more easily.

Objective To explore the practice and effect of peer education in improving the empathic ability of in-service nurses. Methods A total of 122 in-service nurses at a tertiary hospital scoring below 60％ in empathy ability, were randomly divided into a control group and a research group by data table method. The nurses in the control group received theoretical training in empathy, and the nurses in the research group participated in peer-educated periodic empathy training activities. The Chinese version of interpersonal response index scale ( IRI-C) , nurses'humanistic care quality table, general self-efficacy scale were used before and after intervention. Results Before the intervention, the scores of the two groups of Chinese version of interpersonal response index scale ( IRI-C) , perspective-taking ( PT) , Fantasies ( FS) , empathic concern (EC) and Personal Distress (PD) were not statistically significant (P >0. 05). After intervention, the scores of the two groups of Chinese version of interpersonal response index scale ( IRI-C) , Fantasies ( FS) and Personal Distress ( PD) scores in the research group were all higher than those in the control group (P<0. 05). There was no significant difference in the scoring before and after intervention in the control group (P>0. 05). The total score and personal pain (PD) dimensions of the Chinese version of interpersonal response index scale ( IRI-C) were significantly higher than those before the intervention ( P<0. 01). The total score of nurses' humanistic care quality, the score of humanistic care ability and humanistic care perception were all higher than those before intervention in the study group (P<0. 05), and differences are statistically significant. Conclusions The practice of peer-education empathy training can effectively improve the empathy and humanistic care quality of the in-service nurses, and improve the nursing service level.

With the continuous development of endoscopic technology, more and more early-stage colorectal cancer and precancerous lesions have been found by endoscopy, and endoscopic treatment has dominated the treatment of early-stage colorectal cancer for its characteristics of small trauma, rapid recovery and good effect. At present, there are many methods of endoscopic treatment, but their indications are still controversial, and some new technologies still need further verified. Based on the latest guidelines at home and abroad and some hot issues, this article reviews the progress of endoscopic treatment of early-stage colorectal cancer and precancerous lesions, mainly including the indications of various endoscopic treatment methods, some important technical improvement of endoscopic treatment methods, and the application of some new endoscopic treatment technologies, in order to provide some references for the minimally invasive treatment of early-stage colorectal cancer and precancerous lesions.

Objective: To describe the status of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) use in areas with a high incidence of upper gastrointestinal cancer in China. Methods: This study was based on the National Key Research and Development Program of "National Precision Medicine Cohort of Esophageal Cancer" and "Study on Identification and Prevention of High-risk Populations of Gastrointestinal Malignancies (Esophageal cancer, Gastric cancer and Colorectal cancer)" . From January 2017 to August 2018, 212 villages or communities with a high incidence of esophageal cancer or gastric cancer were selected from 12 regions in 6 provinces. A total of 35 910 residents aged between 40 and 69 years old who met the inclusion criteria and signed the informed consent were investigated and enrolled in this study. The use of NSAIDs, demographic characteristics, health-related habits, height, weight, and blood pressure were collected by the questionnaire and physical examination. The status of main NSAIDs (aspirin, acetaminophen and ibuprofen) use with the difference varying in genders, age groups and regions were analyzed by using χ² test and Cochran-Armitage trend analysis method. Results: Of 35 910 subjects, the mean age was (54.6±7.1) years old and males accounted for 43.42% (15 591). The overall prevalence of NSAIDs intake was 4.56% (1 638), but it significantly varied in different provinces (P<0.001). The overall prevalence of NSAIDs intake was 4.87% (1 750) in females, which was significantly higher than that in males 4.24% (1 524) (P<0.001). The prevalence of NSAIDs intake increased with age (P for trend <0.001). As the frequency of NSAIDs intake increased, the incidence of gastrointestinal symptoms, gastrointestinal ulcers and black stools increased (P for trend <0.05 for all). Conclusion The use of NSAIDs is prevalent in some areas with a high incidence of upper gastrointestinal cancer in China. The increased use of NSAIDs may lead to more adverse effects related to the gastrointestinal tract.