Objective To explore the optimum time of removal of preoperative double J stent before adjuvant radiotherapy in cervical cancer. Meth?ods A total of 90 patients with cervical cancer who underwent radical surgery between January 2014 and March 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. In addition,these recruited patients also underwent preoperative placement of double J stent and had them removed before the adjuvant radiotherapy. The patients were then divided into three groups based on the time of removal of double J stent. Group A(n=21)had the stent removed 2 to 4 weeks after the surgery;group B(n=46)had the stent removed 4 to 5 weeks after the surgery;group C(n=23)had the stent removed greater than or equal to 5 weeks after the surgery. The complications caused by stent placement and their improvement after stent removal were compared among the three groups. Finally,the optimum time of stent removal was determined. Results The overall incidence of complications caused by stent placement in group B(23.91%)was significantly lower(P<0.05)than that in group A(47.62%)and group C(56.52%). The most frequent among these complications were bladder irritation(8.70%)and fever(8.70%). The incidence of hydronephrosis exacerbation after stent removal in group A (28.57%)was significantly higher(P<0.05)than that in group B(6.52%)and group C(4.35%). All the other complications were alleviated or disappeared after the removal in all the three groups. There were no significant difference(P>0.05)among the three groups concerning glomerular filtration rate,serum urea nitrogen,and serum creatinine. Conclusion The incidence of complications caused by preoperative double J stent place?ment increased along with the duration of placement,but the exacerbation of hydronephrosis should be concerned if the stent is removed too early. Therefore,the optimal time of stent removal is 4 to 5 weeks after the surgery.

AIM: To establish the quality standard for Hanshi Tougu Tablets(Radix Aconiti Praeparata,Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii Praeparata,Ramulus Cinnamomi,Rhizoma Atractylodis, Semen Sinapis,Radix Aucklandiae,Radix Glycyrrhizae). METHODS: Rhizoma Atractylodis,Semen Sinapis,Radix Glycyrrhizae in Hanshi Tougu Tablet were identified by TLC.The content of cinnamaldehyde and costunolide in Hanshi Tougu Tablets were determinded by HPLC. RESULTS: Rhizoma Atractylodis,Semen Sinapis,Radix Glycyrrhizae,Radix Aconiti Praeparata and Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii Praeparata could be identified by TLC.Cinnamaldehyde showed a good linear relationship at the range of 2.104 ?g?mL~(-1)-52.60 ?g?mL~(-1),r=0.999 8(n=5), and the recovery was(99.62%,) RSD was(0.88%).Costunolide also showed a good linear relationship at a range of(0.036) mg?mL~(-1)-0.54 mg?mL~(-1),r=(0.999 9)(n=5),and the recovery was 96.10%,RSD was 0.15%. CONCLUSION: The method is simple,accurate and with strong specificity and can be used for the quality control of Hanshi Tougu Tablets.

Oceanic carbon monoxide(CO) has been of biogeochemical interest due to its significant role in global carbon cycle and the greenhouse effect. A headspace method coupled with ta3000 trace gas analyzer system for the determination of CO in seawater was developed. The effects of temperature, equilibrium time and water/gas volume ratio on the sensitivity of headspace analysis were studied in detail. The results showed that CO concentrations in seawater were measured successfully by the 50-mL glass-only syringes with a water/gas volume ratio of 44∶ 6 and an equilibrium time of 5 min at 20 ℃ room temperature. Under the optimized conditions, the linear range of concentrations of CO was 0-2.7×10~(-6), r=0.999,p<0.0001. The relative standard deviation of the analysis method was <4.4%, with a detection limit of 0.02 nmol/L. The average recovery of CO was 90.5%. The concentrations of CO in surface waters of the North Yellow Sea were measured using this method and ranged from 0.20 nmol/L to 3.13 nmol/L, indicating that this method can be successfully applied to the detection of the in situ CO concentrations in seawater.

Gas chromatography with mass spectrum detector ( GC-MSD) coupled with purge-and-trap system was set up to analyze the concentration of isoprene in natural waters. The best experimental conditions were established, including purge gas flow rate ( 50 mL/min ) , purge time ( 15 min ) , the optimum capillary column ( Rt-Alumina BOND/KCl) and the appropriate condition of temperature programming. When analyzing isoprene in natural waters, the precision was <4% (n=6), the detection limit was 0. 5 pmol/L and the recovery was 91%-102%. The preservative experiment showed that there was no obvious variation in sample concentrations of isoprene within 60 days. The concentrations of isoprene measured with the method ranged from 60 . 8 to 278 . 7 pmol/L in the Jiaozhou Bay and its adjacent river estuaries and from 44 . 7 to 77 . 2 pmol/L in Yellow River estuary, which was in good accord with those results reported in literatures in other coastal waters. In conclusion, the analytical method could meet the requirements of the analysis of concentration of isoprene in natural waters.

OBJECTIVETo optimize the extraction process of compund kaliziran gel.

METHODOrthogonal design was used to optimize the extracting process of eight herb medicines with the extract yield, the content of psoralen, isopsoralen and osthole as indexes, and to optimize the extracting process of Polygonum multflorumi and Seman sinapis albae with the extract yield and the content of 2,3,5,4'-tetrehydroxy-stilbene glucoside as indexes.

RESULTThe optimum extraction progress was as follows:eight herb medicines were extract 2 times for 1 hour with 8 times of 60% alcohol; P. multflorumi and S. sinapis albae were extract 2 times for 1 hour with 8 times of 40% alcohol.

CONCLUSIONThe optimum extraction processes are stable and feasible.

Alcohols ; chemistry ; Chemical Fractionation ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; isolation & purification ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods

ObjectiveTo elucidate the clinical application value of intravascular ultrasound(IVUS) in assessing intermediate lesions and the relationship between serum levels of fractalkine,CD36 and LP-PLA2and severity of coronary artery atherosclerosis.MethodsOne hundred and twenty patients with unstable angina underwent coronary angiography.Then the patients were divided into two groups:severe lesion group (lumen diameter stenosis greater than 70％,including 40 patients),and the intermediate lesion group lumen diameter stenosis(50％～70％,80 patients).IVUS were performed in all patients to analysis the coronary lesions.Concentrations of CD36,fractalkine and LP-PLA2 were measured by means of ELISA.Results IVUS found that 74％ intermediate lesion patients had soft lipid plaques,while 48％ severe lesion patients had lipid plaques ( P＜0.01 ).Patients with severe lesion had larger plaque burden and vascular remodeling index than those of patients with intermediate lesions(P＜0.05～0.01).There were 59 patients(74％) in the intermediate lesion group underwent PCI.IVUS also found the PCI patients had larger plaque burden and vascular remodeling index.Concentration of CD36 was significantly higher in severe lesion group than that of intermediate lesion group (P＜0.05).ConclusionsIVUS could further clarify the characteristics of the intermediate and severe lesions,and provide guidance for PCI treatment.Plasma CD36 level could be used to predict pathological severity of coronary atherosclerosis.

Lung cancer is the main cause of cancer-related deaths, and its morbidity and mortality is the highest, which seriously affects patients' survival time and quality of life. To develop new targets of tumor cells and expand the beneficiary population of lung cancer patients have become a hot and difficult research topic in recent years. RNA binding protein human antigen R (HuR) plays an important role in the development and progression of lung cancer. It can affect the transcription, translation and synthesis of multiple genes, proteins and molecules of lung cancer cells by binding to specific mRNA in lung cancer cells, and promote proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis of lung cancer cells. HuR is of great significance in molecular diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of lung cancer. This article will review the biological characteristics of HuR and research progress of its interaction with HuR-related regulatory factors in lung cancer based on relevant domestic and foreign literatures.

Objective:To analyze the types and distribution characteristics of elements in drinking water from endemic fluorosis areas with water improvement in Xi'an City, understand the relationship between fluoride and various elements, and conduct health risk assessment on potential high-risk elements.Methods:From May to June 2017, one endemic fluorosis area with water improvement (Gaoling District, Huyi District, Lintong District) was selected according to the northeast, the southwest and the due east directions of Xi'an City as the survey area. Sixteen endemic fluorosis villages were selected from each endemic area, and 2 water samples were collected from each endemic village to detect fluoride and 12 elements such as chromium, manganese, ferrum, copper, zinc, arsenic, selenium, molybdenum, cadmium, antimony, barium, and lead. Hygienic evaluation was conducted according to national standards, and the potential high-risk elements (arsenic, molybdenum) were assessed for health risk through the health risk assessment model recommended by the National Environmental Protection Agency of the United States.Results:The water samples from the endemic fluorosis areas in Xi'an City mainly contained seven elements: barium, ferrum, molybdenum, arsenic, zinc, manganese, and chromium. The content of copper and selenium was relatively low, while the content of cadmium, antimony, and lead was extremely low. The fluoride content in water samples from Gaoling District and Lintong District was relatively high, and the fluorine, arsenic, molybdenum elements was pairwise positively correlated ( P < 0.05). The molybdenum element in water samples from Lintong District exceeded 9.38% (3/32). The fluoride in the water samples of Huyi District was relatively low, and the arsenic, molybdenum elements was positively correlated ( r = 0.84, P < 0.001), and the arsenic element exceeded the standard by 25.00% (8/32). The main health risk of drinking water in endemic fluorosis areas with water improvement in Xi'an City was arsenic exposure, with children at a higher risk than adults, and the areas of Huyi District, Lintong District, and Gaoling District declined, the risk of cancer (CR) of Gaoling District was < 10 -4 and hazard quotient (HQ) was < 1. However, in the areas of Huyi District and Lintong District (except HQ of adults), there was a higher risk (CR > 10 -4, HQ > 1). Children in one endemic fluorosis village in Lintong District had a higher non carcinogenic risk of molybdenum (HQ > 1). Conclusions:The drinking water in endemic fluorosis areas with water improvement in Xi'an City mainly contains 7 elements, especially arsenic and molybdenum, which need to be regularly monitored. Some areas have high health risks of arsenic in water, and monitoring, management, and related epidemiological investigations need to be strengthened. At the same time, it is necessary to actively monitor other toxic and harmful substances that may be introduced during the water improvement process to prevent the occurrence of secondary health problems.

Objective:To observe the application of case-based problem-based learning (PBL) teaching in the postgraduate education of radiography.Methods:A total of 48 postgraduates in the Batch 2019/2020 of professional masters majoring in radiography were selected as research objects, and they were divided into observation group ( n=24, Batch 2020) and control group ( n=24, Batch 2019). The students in the control group were taught by traditional teaching, and the students in the observation group were taught by case-based PBL teaching method. The differences in imaging diagnosis level and structured assessment scores of the two groups of students and their evaluation of the teaching process were analyzed. SPSS 20.0 was applied to perform the t test and chi-square test. Results:The imaging diagnosis ability of the students in the observation group (84.98±7.51) was significantly higher than that in the control group (78.21±6.96) , and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). The students in the observation group had higher ability of imaging diagnosis skills and case analysis and diagnosis during the structured assessment ( P<0.05). The students in the observation group had higher overall satisfaction with the teaching process than those in the control group ( P<0.05). Conclusion:The case-based PBL teaching is of great help in improving the clinical thinking and imaging diagnosis ability of postgraduates majoring in radiography. In the application, it is necessary to continuously improve and supplement the teaching implementation plan according to the teaching evaluation and feedback.

Human activities increase the concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO₂), which leads to global climate warming. Microbial CO₂ fixation is a promising green approach for carbon neutral. In contrast to autotrophic microorganisms, heterotrophic microorganisms are characterized by fast growth and ease of genetic modification, but the efficiency of CO₂ fixation is still limited. In the past decade, synthetic biology-based enhancement of heterotrophic CO₂ fixation has drawn wide attention, including the optimization of energy supply, modification of carboxylation pathway, and heterotrophic microorganisms-based indirect CO₂ fixation. This review focuses on the research progress in CO₂ fixation by heterotrophic microorganisms, which is expected to serve as a reference for peaking CO₂ emission and achieving carbon neutral by microbial CO₂ fixation.
Carbon Cycle ; Carbon Dioxide/metabolism* ; Heterotrophic Processes ; Humans ; Synthetic Biology