Objective:To observe the antibacterial activity of different preparations of 10 kinds of Chinese traditional medicine to Taphylococcus aureus,Staphylococcus epidermidis,Bacillus coli,Bacillus typhosus and Bacillus aeruginosus in vitro-experiment. Methods:Liquid agar dilution method was used. Results:The antibacterial activity of coptis chinensis is the best,scutellaria is the second. The antibacterial activity of tincture is better than that of decoction. Conclusions:The antibacterial activity of coptis chinensis is best during the 10 kinds of Chinese traditional medicine,and that of tincture is the best during different preparations.

AIM: To develop a method for determining contents of ginsenoside Rb_1,ginsenoside Rg_1 and notoginsenoside R_1 in Sanxue Mingmu Tablet(Radix et Rhizoma Notoginseng,Pheretima,Herba Leonuri,Rhizoma Imperatae,etc.). METHODS: The contents of ginsenoside Rb_1,ginsenoside Rg_1 and notoginsenoside R_1 were separated by gradient elution on Hypersil ODS C_(18) column(5 ?m ? 4.6 mm?100 mm) as stationary phase;acetonitrile and water as gradient mixed mobile phase;detected at 203 nm wavelength;(25 ?C) of column temperature and 1.0 mL/min of mobile rate. RESULTS: Ginsenoside Rb_1,ginsenoside Rg_1 and notoginsenoside R_1 had good linearities(r=0.999 9;n=6) at the ranges of 1.480 0-14.800 ng;0.372 0-3.720 ng and 1.072 0-10.720 ng.The average recoveries were 98.44%(RSD=0.96%);99.02%(RSD=0.94%);97.95%(RSD=(1.02%)),respectively. CONCLUSION: This method is high in column efficiency and satisfactory for isolation and repeatability,the result is accurate.It can be adopted for quality control of Sanxue Mingmu Tablet.

Objective To research the characteristics of early esophageal cancer's endoscopy and its clini-cal diagnosis. Methods Retrospective analyze the clinical symptoms and endoscopy performance of the 24 cases of early esophageal cancer which were confirmed by opemtion. Results Unaided eye observing of 24 cases of early e-acphageal cancer:diameter of pathological changes within 1.0 cm,there are four cases of the surface rough,turbidity,vascular fuzzy texture, congestive mucosa, small pieces of rotten to the core, around the realm of clear, easy bleeding by touch of three cases. Mucosa focal irregular plaquelike erosion or superficial helcosis of five cases Mucosa mild uplift,smooth surface or erosion, with slightly different colors of 10 cases ( including one case of pelypoid change) Mucosa fo-cal wormhole-like change, a slight hollow, moss-covered, rubeosis or bleeding lesions after water rinse, irregular and clear borders of two cases, pathology report: one case of small cell carcinoma,one case of adenocarcinoma (cardia),High-level intraepithelial neoplasia transformation nine cases, one case of poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, 12 ca-ses of squamous cell carcinoma. Conculsion Endoscopic early esophageal cancer for the mainfeatures of the mucous membrane color changes, mucosal thickening, transparency and mucosal vascular network st ructure changes, and mu-cosal rough, nodules, plaques, erosion and uplift superficial, shallow depression and other patterns chang, GeneraUe-sions were confined or isolated like chang, irregular, and the mucous membrane around the borderclear. Clinicalofte misdiagnosed, missed diagnosis, early diagnosis to have significant value.

Objective To evaluate right ventricular(RV)function by tissue Doppler imaging(TDI)and Tei index in patmnts with coronary artery disease(CAD).Methods One hundred twenty patients who underwent coronary angiography(CAG)were enrolled.Based on clinic evidences,such as CAG,disease history,symptom,ECG,and myocardial enzymes,all patients were divided into three groups:control group,angina group and myocardial infarction(MI)group.TDl was performed on the lateral and septal tricuspid annular.RV Tei index was obtained either from the pulse-wave Doppler(PW-Tel)and from TDI(TDI-Tei).Results There were significant differences in RV PW-Tei,TDI-Tei,Ea,and Ea/Aa among three groups.PW-Tei was 0.363±0.086.0.463±0.078 and 0.569±0.066,and TDI-Tei was 0.400±0.058,0.520±0.078 and 0.628±0.059 for the control group,angina group and MI group,respectively.Ea and Ea/Aa were gradually decreased following the severity of CAD.Sa was no difference between the control group and angina group,while Sa was much lower in mvocardial infarction group than in other groups.RV PW-Tei had a good correlation with the lateral and septal TDI-Tei.The lateral and septal TDI-Tel were significant correlated with motion velocities.Conclusions TDI can be used to comprehensively evaluate RV function in patients with CAD.TDI-Tei can sensitive reflect the damage level of overall RV function in patients with different degree CAD.

Objective To investigate the expression of gastric and intestinal phenotypic markers in Siewert typeⅡand Ⅲ early gastroesophageal junction(GEJ) cancer, and to explore its correlation with clinic-pathological features.Methods From April 2010 to July 2015, 53 cases diagnosed as early GEJ cancer were enrolled.The gastric and intestinal phenotypic markers such as mucin5AC(MUC5AC),mucin6(MUC6),mucin2(MUC2),caudal related homeodomain transcription 2(CDX2) and cluster of differentiation 10(CD10) were detected, and then the patients were divided into gastric type, gastrointestinal type, intestinal type and non-classified type according to the results of immunohistochemical staining.Combined with Siewert classification the clinicopathological features were analyzed.Chi square test or Fisher′s exact test was performed for statistical analysis.Results In the cancer tissues of 47 patients with Siewert type Ⅱand Ⅲ early GEJ cancer, the case numbers of positive expression of MUC5AC,MUC6,MUC2, CDX2 and CD10 were 21(44.7%),19(40.4%),31(66.0%),27(57.4%) and 17(36.2%),respectively;the case numbers of gastric type, gastrointestinal type, intestinal type and non-classified type were 11(23.4%),14(29.8%),21(44.7%) and one(2.1%), respectively.The positive expression rates of MUC5AC and MUC6 in Siewert typeⅡwere 55.9%(19/34) and 50.0%(17/34),which were higher than those of Siewert typeⅢ(2/13), and the positive expression rate of MUC2 was 55.9%(19/34), which was lower than that of Siewert typeⅢ(12/13), and the differences were statistically significant (x2=6.240,4.679 and 4.053;all P<0.05).In Siewert typeⅡ, the proportion of intestinal type was 32.4%(11/34), which was lower than that of Siewert typeⅢ(10/13), and the differences were statistically significant (x2=7.142,P=0.010).In patients with Siewert typeⅡand Ⅲ early cancer, males predominated in intestinal type which were mostly well differentiated type with less submucosal carcinoma.The maximum diameter of tumor was less than those of gastric type and gastrointestinal type.In paracancerous mucosal tissues, the incidences of intestinal metaplasia in gastrointestinal type and intestinal type were 11/14 and 81.0%(17/21), which were higher than that of gastric type (3/11);the incidences of atrophy in gastrointestinal type and intestinal type were 12/14 and 85.7%(18/21),which were higher than that of gastric type (4/11),and the differences were statistically significant (Fisher′s exact test,all P<0.05).Conclusions Siewert typeⅡand Ⅲ early GEJ cancer can directly originated not only from gastric mucosa, but also from gastrointestinal and intestinal mucosa.Atrophy and intestinal metaplasia could exist before cancer genesis.

Objective To explore the set-up errors of position fixation with simple perforated foam pad in colorectal cancer radiotherapy and their causes as well as the improvement measures.Methods Sixty cases of color-ectal cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy were collected.Prone position was adopted with the position fixed by perforated foam pad and membrane.CBCT imaging was taken weekly before treatment,setup errors were corrected if necessary.Errors throughout the course of treatment for each patient were recorded and compared between patients, followed by analyzing the reasons of errors.Results Before calibration,the maximum errors on the direction of left and right (X-axis),front and back (Z),upside and downside (Y)in these 60 patients were 0.5cm,0.9cm and 0.7cm respectively with the average errors of (0.22 ±0.03)cm,(0.38 ±0.03)cm and (0.27 ±0.04)cm respec-tively.Conclusion The method of applying perforated foam pad and thermoplastic mask in colorectal cancer radio-therapy is currently the most commonly used in the clinical position fixation techniques,by which the small intestine, bladder and other pelvic tissues can be well protected.Due to poor comfort prone position,it is necessary to further improve perforated foam pad through improving the quality of the foam pad,thus improving patients comfort and posi-tioning repeatability and reducing position fixation errors.

Objective To evaluate the effects of body position and cuffed endotracheal tube (cETT) position on the intracuff pressure during tonsillectomy in the pediatric patients.Methods Sixty pediatric patients,aged 3-12 yr,scheduled for elective tonsillectomy under general anesthesia,were divided into group A and group B using a random number table,with 30 patients in each group.The cETTs were placed on one side of the blade of Davis retractor in group A.The cETTs were placed between the blade of Davis retractor and the body of tongue in group B.The intracuff pressure was recorded when the head was in the neutral position (T1),after changing to the head back position (T2) and when the retractor was placed for operation (T3).Results The intracuff pressure was significantly higher at T2 than at T1 in the two groups (P＜0.01).The intracuff pressure was significantly higher at T3 in group A and lower at T3 in group B than at T2 (P＜0.01).Compared with group A,the intracuff pressure was significantly decreased at T3 (P＜0.01),and no significant change was found in the intracuff pressure at T1,2 in group B (P＞0.05).Conclusion The intracuff pressure is affected by body position and cETT position during tonsillectomy in the pediatric patients,and routine monitoring of the intracuff pressure is recommended.

DNA damage repair (DDR) defects occurred in 8%-16% of metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). DDR gene mutation was related to poorer prognosis. Patients with DDR gene mutation, especially BRCA1/2 mutation, showed high sensitivity to poly ADP-ribose polymerase inhibitor (PARPi) and platinum.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic impact of lymphovascular invasion (LVI) in patients treated with radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) for upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We collected data from 180 patients who were treated with RNU from 2005 to 2013 at our institution. The Kaplan-Meier method with log-rank test and Cox proportional hazards regression models were used for univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS: LVI was present in 28 patients (15.6%), which was associated with higher pathological tumor stage (p < 0.001), tumor necrosis (p=0.012), lymph node metastasis (p=0.017) and multifocality (p=0.012). On multivariate analysis, LVI was an independent prognostic factor of recurrence-free survival [RFS: hazard ratio (HR)=2.954; 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.539–5.671; p=0.001] and cancer-specific survival (CSS: HR=3.530; 95% CI=1.701–7.325; p=0.001) in all patients. In patients with node-negative UTUC, LVI was also a significant predictor of RFS (HR=3.732; 95% CI 1.866–7.464; p < 0.001) and CSS (HR=3.825; 95% CI=1.777–8.234; p=0.001). CONCLUSION: LVI status was an independent predictor in patients with UTUC who underwent RNU. The estimate of LVI could help physicians identify high-risk patients and make a better medication regimen of adjuvant chemotherapy.
Carcinoma, Transitional Cell ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Methods ; Multivariate Analysis ; Necrosis ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Prognosis ; Urinary Tract

Objective:To investigate the expression of cancer-associated fibroblasts(CAFs) marker proteins in papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC) using immunohistochemistry and explore their correlation with clinicopathological characteristics.Methods:The clinicopathological data of 90 PTC patients at Tianjin Medical University General Hospital from December 2019 to January 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Surgical pathological cancer tissue samples were selected for immunohistochemical staining, and control group tissues were obtained from normal thyroid tissue adjacent to the tumor lesion. Four CAFs marker proteins, including fibroblast-activated protein(FAP), α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA), Vimentin, and platelet-derived growth factor receptor-α(PDGFR-α), were stained and scored, followed by statistical analysis.Results:The immunoreactivity score of the CAFs marker proteins were correlated with extrathyroid invasion, lymph node metastasis, and multi-focality of PTC. FAP and α-SMA demonstrated better performance in this regard. Multivariate logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve analysis showed that high immunoreactivity scores of FAP and α-SMA were risk factors for poor clinical pathological features, with good predictive sensitivity and accuracy.Conclusion:Strong expression of CAFs was the risk factor for extrathyroid invasion, lymph node metastasis, and mutli-focality of PTC. FAP has the highest clinical value compared with other CAFs marker proteins.