Objective:To observe the antibacterial activity of different preparations of 10 kinds of Chinese traditional medicine to Taphylococcus aureus,Staphylococcus epidermidis,Bacillus coli,Bacillus typhosus and Bacillus aeruginosus in vitro-experiment. Methods:Liquid agar dilution method was used. Results:The antibacterial activity of coptis chinensis is the best,scutellaria is the second. The antibacterial activity of tincture is better than that of decoction. Conclusions:The antibacterial activity of coptis chinensis is best during the 10 kinds of Chinese traditional medicine,and that of tincture is the best during different preparations.

A qualitative and quantitative analysis of alprazolam in biological samples by TLC scan is described in this paper. The distribution of alprazolam in poisoned rabbits was studied. It is showed that 4 hours after a dose of 21mg/kg, the concentration of the drug in liver, spleen, kidney; lungs, heart,brain, blood,bile and urine of poisoned rabbits were 19. 6 ? 6. 1, 3.31?0. 5, 3. 5? 0. 3, 0. 4? 0.1, 0. 4 ?0. 1, 1. 6 ? 1. 8, 4. 0 ? 1. 3, 20. 4 ? 8.0 and 8. 6 ? 2. 4ug/ml. Alprazolam is not well-distributed in poisoned rabbits. Blood, bile, urine and liver are better samples for analysis of alprazolam poisoning victim.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect and security of cold-circulated microwave scapel on adrenal gland metastatic tumor. Methods Twenty-four focuses in 23 patients were treated,including 3 focuses diameter ≤2.0 cm, 17 focuses diameter 2.1 - 3.9 cm, 3 focuses diameter 4.0 - 5.9 cm,1 focus diameter ≥ 6.0 cm, the effects were evaluated by spiral CT scanning 1 month after treatment. Results The number of total necrosis focuses diameter ≤2.0,2.1 -3.9,4.0 -5.9, ≥6.0 cm after treatment were respectively 3, 17, 1, 0. In addition, not fully necrosis were 0, 0, 2, 0 and partial necrosis were 0, 0, 0,1. Fifteen cases after ablation treatment marked varying degrees of pain in the region, 3 cases of high blood pressure patients,4 cases occurred with Ⅰ - Ⅱ degree skin bums. The above cases were easing after symptomatic treatment. Conclusion The treatment of cold-circulated microwave scapel is secure,it is one of an effective method to adrenal gland metastatic tumor,with little adverse reaction.

Fever in patients with severe craniocerebral injury was a frequent occurrence.The rate of fever patients lead to plant man or death high up to 28％-72％.The univariate analysis found that there was significant association between fever and motality.One of the common cause of fever was non-infectious fever,which related with craniocerebral injury,including central fever,dehydration fever,clonus and rebleading fever.The major complication was central high fever after servere craniocerebral injury.The temperature high up to 39 ℃,which aggravated the original basic diseases,lead to respiratory and circulatory failure.Another cause of fever was infection fever which associated with nosocomial infection.Serious disease,long hospiltal stay,high proportion of invasive operation,coma were the high risk factors of patients with craniocerebral injury.The major type of nosocomial infection were pudmonary infection and surgical site infection.By reviewing domestic and foreign literatures and expert consensus,this article was intended to explore the characteristics and mechanism of fever in patients with craniocerebral injury.In order to reduce the secondary brain injury,decrease the disability rate,increase the sutrvival rate,diagnosis and treatment should be taken early.

OBJECTIVE To investigate pathogenic bacteria and prognosis of abdominal infection and take measures to prevent and control it.METHODS We analyzed the clinical material and prognosis of 31 patients with abdominal infection retrospectively according to the culture results of puncture and drain liquid from abdominal cavity from Nov 2007 to Nov 2008.RESULTS In 31 patients,5 were complicated with pulmonary infectionwhich the infection rate was 16.13%,and 7(22.58%) died.Totally 48 pathogenic strains were isolated from ascitic fluid culture,20 strains(41.67%) were Escherichia coli,11 strains(22.92%) were Enterococus.Some of coagulase-negative Staphylococcus,Streptococcus,Candida,Klebsiella pneumoniae,and Staphylococcus aureus were also isolated.The resistance rates of E.coli to cephalosporins were above 50.00%,to quinolones were above 65.00%.The susceptibility rates of E.coli to some ?-lactamases inhibitors and carbapenem were very high.The resistance rate of Enterococus to rifampicin was 63.64%,to piperacillin/tazobactam and piperacillin was 81.82%,to erythromycin was 100.00%.The susceptibility rates of Enterococus to teicoplanin,vancomycin,and linezolid were 100.00%.CONCLUSIONS The predominant pathogenic bacteria of abdominal infection are E.coli and Enterococcus.Abdominal infection tends to combine with pulmonary infection.The patients who got into multiple organ dysfunction syndrome have high mortality.

OBJECTIVE To enhance the healing rate of the wounded victims in earthquake and to do a good job on the nosocomial infection prevention and control according to the feature of the victims. METHODS The advance medical team on the train evaluated thd traumatic condition of the victims and sorted them according to their condition,then the victims with raw surface infection and that with no wound were arranged to the different sections and wards.The cleaning and medical inspection procedure for the victims were formulated.The secretions of their open wound surface with bacterial,fungal and anaerobic culturing at the very beginning were taken when their traumatic condition were examined.The management of wards,attendants and visitors were strengthened,the hand hygiene compliance and the right way to disposal clinical waste the disinfection and sterilization were supervised and directed. RESULTS Most of the 76 victims were with limbs injury,of which 14 victims with open injury,10 got bacterial or fungal infection.The infection rate was 71.43%.Most of them had got combined infection.No Clostridium tetani and C.perfringens were isolated from the secretion of the raw surface.Three victims were complicated with urinary system infection,1 with pulmonary infection and 1 with bed-sore infection after wounded in earthquake.Basing on effective debridement and change dressings,the antibacterial agents were applied according to pathogenic bacteria and the antimicrobial susceptibility test,so the wound surface and general infection were controled effectivelly.Another 35 victims with closed fracture who were operated with internal fixation and reposition after discection in the limited time were not infected. CONCLUSIONS The infection rate of raw surface of victims with open injury is high.Most of the wound surface are infected with some multidrug resistant bacterial and fungi and combined with urinary system infection or pulmonary infection.The nosocomial infections precaution and control should be strengthened to prevent cross infection when treating the victims wounded in earthquake.

Objective: To study the possibility of liposomes to ta rget hepatocytes af ter being linked with asialofetuin(AF). Methods: The biodistribu tions in differen t cells in liver as well as in blood, in various organs such as heart, spleen, l ung and kidney of mice, of traditional sterically stabilized liposomes(SSL) , AF-linked normal liposomes(AF-NL) and AF-linked sterically stabilized lipos ome s(AF-SSL) were studied by radioisotopic labeling. Results: The half-live s of SSL, AF-NL and AF-SSL were 14.44, 4.73 and 11.49 h， respectively. The di strib ution of liposomes in liver was AF-NL>AF-SSL>SSL. There was significant differenc e among these three formulations. In hepatocytes and non-hepatocytes, the conce ntr ations of the liposomes were both in line with the sequence AF-NL>AF-SSL>SSL( P <0.05). However, the ra tios of the concentrations in hepatocytes to that of non-hepatocytes were AF-N L≈AF -SSLSSL( P <0.05). Conclusion: After being labeled with asi alofetuin, liposomes can target hepatocytes very we ll， whether in long-circulation or not.

Objective To investigate the effects of different processing methods on contents of main chemical components isoferulic acid in Cimicifuga heracleifolia. Methods Cimicifuga heracleifolia from the same batch were prepared by processing method. HPLC were used to determine the contents of isoferulic acid in crudes samples, wine-prepared samples, vinegar-prepared samples, and carbonized samples. Results The contents of isoferulic acid of crudes samples and the three different processed products were in the order as follows:carbonized samples (0.404 7%)>vinegar-prepared samples (0.302 3%)>wine-prepared samples (0.262 4%)>crudes samples (0.231 3%). Conclusion Different processing methods had certain effects on the content of isoferulic acid in Cimicifuga heracleifolia.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the status of traumatic infection among earthquake in order to provide reasonable evidence for anti-infective therapy. METHODS Samples were collected from 14 patients with compound fracture or osteofascial compartment syndrome for bacterial,fungal and anaerobic culturing,then according to pathogens to choose antimicrobial susceptibility test (AST). RESULTS Among 14 victims,10 had germ growth in wound secretions,the infection rate was 71.43%. Among 17 samples the bacteria,fungi and anaerobic were isolated in 12,4 and (samples,respectively),the isolated rates were 70.59%,23.53% and 5.89%. The main pathogens for the first culture were Enterobacter cloacae,coagulase negative Staphylococcus (CNS) and Acinetobacter. The Clostridium tetani and C. perfringens were all negative. We also isolated 5 strains of fungi from them 1 strain of Candida. CONCLUSIONS Most of the victims from disaster area have got bacterial infection. Most of them are combined infection,some of the infections are nosocomial infections. The key points of the treatment are to find pathogens immediately and choose a reasonable antibacterial agents according to the AST.

OBJECTIVE To observe the effect of voriconazole on pulmonary fungals infection after renal transplantation.METHODS Nine cases of pulmanory fungals infection after renal transplantation were analyzed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of voriconazole.RESULTS Treated with voriconazole,seven in nine patients were cured,while the other two died.CONCLUSIONS For patients with pulmanory fungals infection after renal transplantation,the application of voriconazole can receive satisfactory effect.