OBJECTIVETo determine the content of linarin in Yuye Jiedu granule.

METHODA HPLC method was developed. The chromatographic conditions are as follows Luna C18 column and acetonitrile-0.05 mol x L(-1) phosphate buffer-phosphoric acid (30:70:0.06) as mobil phase, detection wavelenth at 327 nm.

RESULTThe linear range of linarin was 0.025-0.50 microg. The average recovery was 98.7% and RSD 2.7%.

CONCLUSIONThe method is simple and accurate, with good repeatability, and can be used for determination of linarin in Yuye Jiedu granule.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Chrysanthemum ; chemistry ; Drug Combinations ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Glycosides ; analysis ; Lonicera ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Quality Control

AIM:To evaluate the agreement of corneal high-order aberrations from Topcon KR-1W, i.Profiler and OPD-Scan Ⅲ wavefront aberrometers in myopic adults.METHODS:A prospective clinical study. A total of 92 adult patients(92 eyes)with myopia in the department of optometry, the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from June to August 2022 were enrolled. The third-order and fourth-order corneal aberrations at the pupil diameter of 4 and 6mm were measured by Topcon KR-1W, i.Profiler, and OPD-Scan Ⅲ, respectively. The difference and agreement of the three aberrometers were evaluated.RESULTS: The measurements at 6mm pupil diameter were all greater than those at 4mm pupil diameter. Although there were no statistical differences in the measurements of Z-44、Z-24 by the three aberrometers at 4 pupil diameter(P>0.05), there were statistical differences in other measurements(P<0.05). The aberration results measured by the three aberrometers were statistically different at the 6mm pupil diameter(P<0.05). The 95% limit of agreement(95%LoA)of the measurements of higher-order aberration, including the third-order aberrations at 4mm pupil diameter and the third-order and fourth-order aberrations at 6mm pupil diameter(except for the Z-24)were greater than 0.1μm. The concordance correlation coefficient(Pc)was lower than 0.90, indicating a poor consistency. The correlation coefficients of corneal higher-order aberrations were significantly different among the three aberrometers at 4 and 6mm pupil diameter(r4mm=0.215～0.805, P4mm<0.05; r6mm=0.561～0.916, P6mm<0.001).CONCLUSION:There were significant differences in the measurements of the third- and fourth-order corneal aberrations at 4 and 6mm pupil diameter among Topcon KR-1W, i.Profiler, and OPD-Scan Ⅲ, and the agreements were poor, so they are not interchangeably in clinical applications.

AIMTo study the relationship between resonance Rayleigh scattering(RRS) and the formation of association nanoparticle, and to develop a new and sensitive RRS method for the determination of trace berberine (BB).

METHODSThe association nanoparticle between BB and tetraphenylboron (TPB) was investigated by means of RRS, absorption spectral method and transmission electron microscope (TEM).

RESULTSIn pH 5.0 NaAc-HAc buffer solution, BB and TPB combine to BB-TPB association complex. The association complexes aggregate to (BB-TPB)n association nanoparticles, due to the strong hydrophobic force and Van der Waals force. It exhibits a resonance Rayleigh scattering peak at 470 nm, a maximum absorption peak at 368 nm. A new RRS method was proposed for the determination of 0.06 to 5.28 mg.L-1 BB in real samples with satisfactory results. The detection limit is 26 micrograms.L-1.

CONCLUSIONThe TEM of (BBjAgp-TPBj + p)h composite association nanoparticles was observed by means of composite association nanoreaction both TPB- and BB+ or Ag+. The results indicated that the formation of (BB-TPB)n association nanoparticles and interface of solid-liquid results in the enhanced resonance light-scattering. This new RRS method showed high sensitivity, and had been successfully applied to the determination of BB in real samples.

Berberine ; administration & dosage ; analysis ; Drug Carriers ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; analysis ; Nanotechnology ; Scattering, Radiation ; Spectrum Analysis ; Tablets ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; Tetraphenylborate ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo study the volatile regularity of menthol and borneol in granule and lozenge at different temperature.

METHODKinetic method with GC being detection technique.

RESULTThe volatility of menthol and borneol acts as a pseudo first-order reaction in open system. Under the same condition, the volatile rate of menthol and borneol in granule is four times as fast as that in lozenge, and the volatile rate of borneol is faster than that of menthol.

CONCLUSIONThis study can be applied to improve the quality of lozenges containing menthol or/and borneol.

Bornanes ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Cyclodextrins ; Drug Carriers ; Drug Stability ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Menthol ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Tablets ; Temperature ; Volatilization ; beta-Cyclodextrins

Objective To investigate the effects of allele-31 C>T on the binding activity to IL-1βpromoter of the nuclear transcription factor C/EBPβand PU.1 induced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.Methods The electrophoretic mobility shift assay ( EMSA) was performed to explore whether the nuclear transcription factor C/EBPβand PU.1 could bind to -31 region in IL-1βpromoter.The C/EBPβ-and PU.1-expressing vectors were constructed and co-transfected into HeLa cells with IL-1βpromoter luciferase vector.The expression of C/EBPβand PU.1 was confirmed using Western blotting assay, and the promoter activity was determined using Dual-Glo Luciferase system under various transfection conditions. Lentivirus-mediated RNA interference was used to explore the effects of C/EBPβand PU.1 on IL-1βexpression.GraphPad Prism 5.0 was used for data analysis.Results EMSA results showed that both C/EBPβand PU.1 could bind to -31 region in IL-1βpromoter.Both C/EBPβand PU.1 induced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection could increase IL-1βpromoter activity, especially for the -31 T allele (t=22.33 and 7.98,P<0.01), and there was a synergy on the promoter activity between C/EBPβand PU.1.The promoter activity decreased significantly when C/EBPβand/or PU.1 were silenced by lentivirus-mediated RNA interference (q=5.79, 6.23 and 11.66,P<0.01).Conclusion The allele-31 C>T can induce IL-1βpromoter activity and gene transcription through regulation of binding activity to C/EBPβand PU.1 induced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.

This article was aimed to study the therapeutic effect of Chinese medicine Kun-Bao-W an (KBW) on sleep disorders among ovariectomized mice. A total of 60 female KM of adult mice were randomly divided into four groups, which were the sham-operated group, model group, diazepam group, and KBW group, with 15 rats in each group. Rats in the sham-operated group were only removed small amount of fatty tissue around the ovaries. Bilateral oophorectomy was given on mice in other groups. In the KBW group, 28 days after the operation, KBW was intragastrically administered (1.667 g·kg-1) every day for 28 days. Mice in the diazepam group were intragas-trically administered (1.25 g·kg-1) 1 h before testing. The observation was made on effects of KBW on locomotor activity, sleeping time of mice induced by pentobarbital sodium and the organ coefficients of uterus. The results showed that compared with sham-operated group, locomotor activity and rearing behavior increased obviously in the model group (P < 0.01). The diazepam group can significantly reduce locomotor activity in ovariectomized mice (P < 0.01), and decrease the number of rearing behavior mildly with no statistical difference. KBW can reduce lo-comotor activity mildly but without effect on rearing behavior in ovariectomized mice. Diazepam can markedly pro-long the pentobarbital sleep time in ovariectomized mice (P < 0.01). KBW can prolong the pentobarbital sleep time and shorten the process of falling into sleep mildly with no statistical difference. There was no significant ef-fect on organ coefficients of uterus in ovariectomized mice by KBW or diazepam. It was concluded that KBW had mild effect on improving sleep disorders in ovariectomized mice.

This article was aimed to study the sedative and hypnotic effects of different eluents of Shuangxiatang (SXT). The effects of SXT water decoction, water eluent, 20%, 70% and 95% alcohol eluent on spontaneous ac-tivity and the sleeping induced by subthreshold dose of pentobarbital sodium were measured. The results showed that the SXT decoction, 20% and 95% alcohol eluent can significantly decrease the number of rearing in mice with the percentage of 78.5%, 78.3% and 62.5%, respectively. SXT water eluent and 70% alcohol eluent can significantly decrease the spontaneous activity of mice (P < 0.01), the number of rearing (P < 0.01) and grooming time (P < 0.05). SXT water decoction can significantly shorten sleep latency (P < 0.05), prolong sleep time (P <0.05), and increase rates of sleeping in mice. SXT water eluent can significantly shorten sleep latency in mice (P< 0.05), increase rates of sleeping in mice. SXT water decoction and water eluent have the sedative and hypnotic effects. And the effects are more than alcohol eluents.

Objective To investigate the effects of mechanical strain on Ca-calmodulin dependent kinase (CaMK)-cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) signal pathway and proliferation of osteoblasts.Methods Using a four-point bending device, MC3T3-E1 cells were exposed to mechanical tensile strains of 2500 µs and 5000 µs at 0.5 Hz respectively. The intracellular free Ca([Ca]i) concentration and calmodulin activity were assayed by fluorospectrophotometry, CaMK II β, CREB, and phosphorylated (activated) CREB (p-CREB) were assessed by Western blot, and cells proliferation was assayed with MTT. Pretreatment with verapamil was carried out to block Cachannel, and inhibitor U73122 was used to inhibit phospholipase C (PLC).Results Mechanical strains of 2500 µs and 5000 µs for 1 to 10 minutes both increased [Ca]i level of the cells. The 2500 µs strain, a periodicity of 1 h/d for 3 days, activated calmodulin, elevated protein levels of CaMK II β and p-CREB, and promoted cells proliferation, which were attenuated by pretreatment of verapamil or U73122. The effects of 5000 µs strain on calmodulin, CaMK II β, p-CREB and proliferation were contrary to 2500 µs strain.Conclusion The mechanical strain regulates osteoblasts proliferation through Ca-CaMK-CREB signal pathway via Cachannel and PLC/IPtransduction cascades.

AIMTo investigate the chemical constituents from Picria fel-terrae Lour.

METHODSColumn chromatography techniques were used to isolate the chemical constituents, physico-chemical constants and spectroscopic analysis were employed for structural elucidation. Results Two triterpenoids named picfeltarraenone I (1) and picfeltarraenin XI (2) were isolated, and their structures were established to be 3,11,22-trioxo-16alpha-hydroxy-(20S,24)-epoxy-cucurbit-5,23-diene (1) and 3,11,22-trioxo-16alpha-hydroxy-(20S,24)-epoxy-cucurbit-5, 23-diene-2beta-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (2), respectively.

CONCLUSIONCompound 2 is a new compound, the 13CNMR data of compound 1 is reported for the first

Glucosides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Conformation ; Molecular Structure ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Scrophulariaceae ; chemistry ; Triterpenes ; chemistry ; isolation & purification

AIMTo study compounds isolated from Picria fel-terrae.

METHODSThe chemical constituents were separated and purified by column chromatography on silica gel and MCI. Their structures were identified on the basis of spectral data (IR, UV, MS, ID NMR and 2D NMR).

RESULTSA new cucurbitacin, along with a known one, were obtained from the 60% EtOH extract of the whole plant.

CONCLUSIONThe new compound was identified as 11, 24-dioxo-5, 21-diene-cucurbit-3alpha-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-16alpha-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside (dehydrobryogenin glycoside). The known one, hexanorcucurbitacin F, was obtained for the first time from Picria fel-terrae.

Molecular Structure ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Saponins ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Scrophulariaceae ; chemistry ; Steroids ; chemistry ; isolation & purification