Objective To obtain the normal value of blink reflex(BR) in the elderly. Methods With clinical electrophysiological diagnostic technique, the orbital nerve was stimulated with electric current to elicit blink reflex in an elderly group (30 subjects, 60 sides) and an adult group (29 subjects, 58 sides). Results For the early response R 1 of BR in the elderly, the latency and amplitude were (10 28?0 39) ms,162 88 ?V. For the late response R 2 and R 2',the latency was (32 86?2 81) ms and (33 33?2 90) ms respectively; the amplitude was 210 72 ?V and 156 32 ?V respectively The difference of the latency between the elderly and adult was statistically significant. Conclusions This study indicates that BR measurement is a simple and harmless technique. The latency of BR was prolonged in the aged.

Taking the mouse as a model, the experimental method of observing the morphology of meiotic spindles and chromosomes in mature oocytes were investigated in order to evaluate the effects of various interventions on the quality of oocytes accurately and rapidly. Laser scanning confocal microscope (LSCM) was used to examine the meiotic spindles and chromosomes by the technologies of optical section and three-dimensional (3D) image reconstruction. The results showed that the configurations of meiotic spindles and chromosomes could be observed clearly by LSCM. The normal rate of meiotic spindles and chromosomes was 82% and 86% respectively. It was concluded that the LSCM was a valid instrument to observe the meiotic spindles and chromosomes of mature oocytes and could be used as a valid method to evaluate the quality of M II oocytes.

The relationship between apoptosis of granulosa cells and follicle development arrest in polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) rats, and the contribution of tumor necrosis factor related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) in apoptosis of granulosa cells were explored. By using sodium prasterone sulfate rat PCOS model was induced. The apoptosis of granulosa cells in ovaries of rats was observed by TdT-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end-labeling (TUNEL), and the expression of TRAIL protein and mRNA in granulosa cells was detected by using immunohistochemical staining and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) respectively. The apoptotic rate and the expression of protein TRAIL in granulosa cells were significantly higher in antral follicles from the PCOS rats than in those from the control rats (P<0.01, P<0.05). There was no significant difference in apoptotic rate and the expression of TRAIL protein in granulosa cells of preantral follicles between the PCOS rats and the control rats (P>0.05). No apoptosis and the expression of TRAIL protein in granulosa cells of primordial follicles were found in the two groups. The expression of TRAIL mRNA was significantly stronger in granulosa cells from the PCOS rats than in those from the control rats (P<0.01). It was suggested that the apoptotic rate in granulosa cells was significantly higher in antral follicle from the PCOS rats than in those from the control rats. TRAIL played a role in regulating the apoptosis of granulosa cells in PCOS rats.

To study the effects of mouse cytomegalovirus (MCMV) on the in vitro maturation, fertilization, cleavage and blastula formation of mouse oocytes, the immature oocytes were infected in vitro by MCMVs of different dosages (100 TCID(50), 10 TCID(50) and 1 TCID(50)). The oocytes were then observed for in vitro maturation, fertilization, cleavage and blastula formation and the ultrastructural changes after the culture with the viruses. Our results showed that no significant differences were found in IVM, IVF, cleavage and blastula formation among the groups treated with of virus of various dosages. And ultrastructural abnormality was observed in the oocytes treated by 100 TCID(50) of viruses. It is concluded that MCMV did not have any conspicuous effects on IVM, IVF, cleavage and blastula formation of murine immature oocytes.
Blastocyst ; Cells, Cultured ; Cleavage Stage, Ovum ; Cytomegalovirus Infections ; Fertilization ; Muromegalovirus/*pathogenicity ; Oocytes/cytology ; Oocytes/growth & development ; Oocytes/*virology

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for the content determination of amygdalin in Lianhua qingwen capsule. METH-ODS:HPLC was performed on the column of Phenomenex Kinetex XB-C18 with mobile phase of acetonitrile-0.2%Phosphoric acid so-lution(6∶94,V/V)at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min,the detection wavelength was 207 nm,column temperature was 30℃,and the injec-tion volume was 10μl. RESULTS:The linear range of amygdalin was 43.16-215.80 μg/ml(r=0.999 7);the limit of detection was 0.431 6μg/ml,the limit of quantitation was 1.294 8μg/ml;RSDs of precision,stability and reproducibility tests no more than 0.69%;recovery was 95.16%-100.49%(RSD=1.67%,n=9). CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple and rapid with high accuracy and well reproducibility,and can be used for the content determination of amygdalin in Lianhua qingwen capsule.

Taking the mouse as a model, the experimental method of observing the morphology of meiotic spindles and chromosomes in mature oocytes were investigated in order to evaluate the effects of various interventions on the quality of oocytes accurately and rapidly. Laser scanning confocal microscope (LSCM) was used to examine the meiotic spindles and chromosomes by the technologies of optical section and three-dimensional (3D) image reconstruction. The results showed that the configurations of meiotic spindles and chromosomes could be observed clearly by LSCM.The normal rate of meiotic spindles and chromosomes was 82% and 86% respectively. It was concluded that the LSCM was a valid instrument to observe the meiotic spindles and chromosomes of mature oocytes and could be used as a valid method to evaluate the quality of M Ⅱ oocytes.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of restrictive episiotomy in low risk primipara.Methods 100 full-term pregnant women with low risk primipara were divided into observation group and control group according to random number table,50 cases in each group.The patients in the observation group were treated with restrictive episiotomy.The perineum,the second stage of labor,hospitalization time and cost,postpartum sexual life were compared between the two groups.Results In the observation group,the proportion of perineal incision (22.0％ vs.82.0％) was less than that in the control group,the proportion of perineal pain (4.0％ vs.26.0％) was lower than that in the control group,the incidence rate of first degree laceration(38.0％ vs.6.0％) was higher than that in the control group,the differences were statistically significant (x2 =36.058,9.490,14.918,allP ＜ 0.05).The hospitalization time of the observation group was significantly shorter than that of the control group [(3.15 ±0.78)d vs.(3.84 ± 0.98)d],the cost of hospitalization of the observation group was significantly lower than that ofthe control group[(1 814 ± 356) yuan vs.(1 999 ± 387) yuan],the differences were statistically significant (x2 =2.397,3.895,2.488,all P ＜ 0.05).The recovery time of sexual life in the observation group was significantly shorter than that in the control group[(45.6 ± 16.5)d vs.(72.5 ± 23.6)d],and the incidence rate of coital pain was lower than that of the control group (6.0％ vs.24.0％),the differences were statistically significant (x2 =6.606,6.353,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Restrictive episiotomy in low risk primipara has good effect,it is conducive to postpartum recovery.

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) with sperm collected by percutaneous epididymal sperm aspiration (PESA) technique is nowadays the main treatment for obstructive azoospermia(OAS). To cryopreserve the epididymal sperm obstained by PESA can avoid repeat retrievals. We transferred the embryos fertilized by ICSI with frozen/thawed epididymal sperm and achieved a delivery, which shows that epididymal sperm obstained by PESA can be successfully cryopreserved.
Adult ; Cryopreservation ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Oligospermia ; therapy ; Pregnancy ; Semen Preservation ; Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic

The relationship between apoptosis of granulosa cells and follicle development arrest in polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) rats, and the contribution of tumor necrosis factor related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) in apoptosis of granulosa cells were explored. By using sodium prasterone sulfate rat PCOS model was induced. The apoptosis of granulosa cells in ovaries of rats was observed by TdT-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end-labeling (TUNEL), and the expression of TRAIL protein and mRNA in granulosa cells was detected by using immunhistochemical staining and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) respectively. The apoptotic rate and the expression of protein TRAIL in granulosa cells were significantly higher in antral follicles from the PCOS rats than in those from the control rats (P＜0.01, P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in apoptotic rate and the expression of TRAIL protein in granulosa cells of preantral follicles between the PCOS rats and the control rats (P＞0.05). No apoptosis and the expression of TRAIL protein in granulosa cells of primordial follicles were found in the two groups. The expression of TRAIL mRNA was significantly stronger in granulosa cells from the PCOS rats than in those from the control rats (P＜0.01). It was suggested that the apoptotic rate in granulosa cells was significantly higher in antral follicle from the PCOS rats than in those from the control rats. TRAIL played a role in regulating the apoptosis of granulosa cells in PCOS rats.